在线英语听力室

如何练就地道英语发音?掌握这5个技巧很重要

时间:2017-06-27 07:01:23

(单词翻译:单击)

  Language learners often neglect honing a good accent in favor of focusing on grammar and vocabulary — but it's important to practice your accent too! We explain why and explore some useful tips for improving it.
  学习语言的朋友们常常有一个误区,只关注语法和词汇,而忽视了练习口音这回事——但练习口音其实也是跟词汇、语法同等重要的哦!下面我们就来解释一下口音的重要性,然后为大家提供一些提高口音的实用技巧。
  Want to pass as a native speaker in a foreign language? The true test — even more important than the size of your vocabulary or complexity1 of the sentences you weave — is your accent.
  想把一门外语说的像本族人一样溜?真正考验你外语溜不溜的,不是你的词汇量,也不是你句子说的多么复杂漂亮,而是——你!的!口!音!
  If you think the accent in another language is tricky2 and impossible to get right, you might just be using the wrong method. We admit that they are tricky — but not impossible! Here are some practical tips to get rid of your own "stereotypical3" accent, no matter which language you are learning.
  如果你感到某门外语的口音难以搞定,根本不可能学的像样,那很可能是你采用了错误的学习方法。我们都知道,学习外语时,口音确实难搞——但纯正口音并不是“不可能”学会的!下面这些实用小技巧,不管你在学什么外语,都能帮你摆脱你的“中式”口音,快快学起来!
  1. Learn the phonetic4 alphabet 音标要学好
  如何练就地道英语发音?掌握这5个技巧很重要
  Getting familiar with the phonetic alphabet will help you identify new sounds and provide you with some markers to navigate5 the language you want to learn. Familiarity with a language’s phonemes helps you recognize sounds that your ear isn’t "tuned6" to natively. Once you can recognize these sounds, you’ll start noticing them way more often when speaking and listening in your new language.
  熟悉音标不仅可以帮你辨认不认识的语音,还可以帮你在学习过程中“做标记”。在熟记一门外语中的音之后,你可以成功分辨出一些你的耳朵还没听惯的声音。一旦这些不熟悉的声音被你成功拿下,在听、说外语时你都会更容易注意到这些最可能出错的小细节。
  By becoming aware of the range of sounds that exist in the language you are learning, you’ll learn how to differentiate7 sounds that seem similar to the untrained ear, and it will make spelling easier. This can be especially helpful if you are learning mostly by reading.
  通过掌握一门外语的语音范围,你才能学会分辨一些相似的音,让你的耳朵更好地做出反应,同时这也可以帮助你更好的拼写单词。如果你平时主要是通过阅读来学语言,那这个小技巧对你来说更是大有帮助了。
  2. Get familiar with the spoken language 让耳朵熟悉新语言
  Switch from theory to practice: try to expose yourself as much as possible to the language you are learning. Talk as much as possible with native speakers if you have the chance. When you have trouble pronouncing a particular word, ask people to repeat it and record it on your phone. You can then replay it and train your pronunciation as often as you wish. You can also listen to the correct pronunciation on some online dictionaries so that your ear gets familiar with all the sounds that initially8 strike you as unusual. Listen to podcasts or stream TV shows in the language. Even if you can’t understand everything, put it on in the background when you’re doing your chores so you get used to the particular melodies and unfamiliar9 sounds.
  完成了第一步的理论学习,就要从理论向实践进发了:尽你所能让自己处在你所学习的语言环境里,抓住一切可以跟外语本族人唠嗑的机会。如果有哪个单词你不会念了,可以请人帮你把这个词的发音录下来保存在手机里。这样你就可以反复播放,尽你所想的练习生词的发音了。还可以在网上的在线词典里检索生词发音,反复的听,让你的耳朵慢慢熟悉那些原本陌生的语音。就算你无法通透的理解所有的发音,也尽量在平时做一些琐碎杂务时把录音/发音播放出来,这样洗脑式的训练可以让那些不熟悉的语音调子深刻在你的大脑里。
  3. Identify what’s "weird10" about the pronunciation 找出语音中的“怪异点”
  With this exposure, you’ll quickly notice that your new language has many sounds in common with your native tongue (even if those sounds are written differently). With the similarities identified, you can focus in earnest on the sounds that don’t exist in your native tongue. Resist the temptation to systematically11 compare these unfamiliar sounds with similar ones from your native language. This might seem like a useful shortcut12, but it’s a bad habit that will make bad pronunciation even harder to correct in the long run.
  在这样的发音环境下,你很快就会发现,原来你在学习的语音,跟你的母语也有很多的相似之处(即使这些“发音”写起来很不一样)。一旦发现了这些相同点,你就能更专注的学习那些母语里本来没有的音了。下意识的用汉语里的相似发音来跟这些不存在的音去一一对照,这种“方法”千万不要尝试,虽然听上去感觉,这样似乎可以快速记住所有不熟悉的音,但事实上这样反而会让你的发音更不地道,甚至在以后还难以改正。
  Ignoring the peculiar13 sounds of your new language will, at best, make you sound silly and, at worst, result in you actually saying the wrong words! The difference between the Spanish pero and perro is a rolled r, but they don’t mean the same thing. And if you’re learning French, people will have trouble understanding you if you don’t learn to pronounce the subtle differences between cent, sang, sens and sans, or au, aux and eau.
  如果你不去在意外语里听上去“怪异”的那些发音,很可能会让你的发音显得非常的蠢,甚至直接导致你发错音,念成别的单词惹!比如在西语里,pero和perro两个词很接近,但perro的r要发颤音,两个词的含义也是不同的。如果你在学法语,分不清cent, sang, sens, sans或者au, aux和eau在发音时的细微区别,人家可能就听不懂你在说啥了。
  If you really have trouble with one phoneme in particular, use cards. Write it down along with other similar-but-different phonemes. Repeat them aloud several times. This will help you to recognize nuances and master those small differences.
  但如果你真的卡在某一个音上,就是发不好它,可以试试制作卡片。把它和其他听上去很像,但又不同的音写在一起。大声的念出这些音,重复多次,这样你就可以区别这些相似音的细微差别,并且熟练掌握它们了。
  4. Listen, listen, listen! 听,听,再听!
  As mentioned in point two, the internet gives you access to plenty of audio material that can help you improve your pronunciation. Listen as much and as regularly as possible, but instead of always focusing on grammar and vocabulary, dedicate some time to the phonetic aspects of the language. Listen to short audio tracks and focus on rhythm, breaks and intonation14. Try to understand what gives the sentence its fluidity and try to imitate it. If you watch a movie in your learning language, avoid reading the subtitles15 and keep your eyes on the actors’ mouths.
  在第二点里提到了网上的学习工具,的确互联网为我们提供了大量可以提高发音的语音材料。记住有时间的话一定要经常性的听,而且每次听的越多越好啊,不过在听的时候,不要再一味注意词汇和语法了,也要拿出一点时间来关注一下语音部分。尽量听一些简短的材料,并且重点关注发音的节奏,停顿和语调。试着体会一下这些话语是如何连贯起来的,然后再去模仿。在平时看电影的时候,不要一直盯着字幕读,而是要注意演员们说话时的口型。
  If you find it too hard, slow down the speed of the video or audio that you are watching (most digital media players allow you to do this; you can even slow down YouTube videos). This can help you identify and separate each syllable16.
  如果以上方法对你来说太难了点,可以放慢视频/音频的播放速度(大多数数字播放器都有这个功能,连油管儿的视频都可以放慢倍速呢)。这样一来,每个音节你都可以分开来分辨了。
  If, on the other hand, your comprehension level is already quite good, you can challenge yourself by accelerating the speed. The higher level of concentration required is good training for all those fast-talking native speakers!
  再如果,情况相反,你的能力已经相当高了,你可以试试快放,挑战一下自己。这种高级一些的方法,需要更加集中注意力,这种程度的注意力,在跟说话贼快的本族人互动时同样适用!
  5. Practice, practice, practice 还等啥,可劲儿练习吧!
  Training your accent requires some skill and patience, so don’t get demotivated if it doesn’t come immediately. For maximum efficiency, your training sessions should be frequent — no longer than two days between sessions. Collect newspaper articles, movie scripts and lyrics17, and record yourself while reading them aloud. Then listen and analyze18: What are your strengths and weaknesses? Which of your native speaking habits are you carrying over to your new language? You can also ask native speakers for input19. For example, you could upload your recordings20 to online communities like Judge my accent.
  最后总结一下,练习地道口音,除了技巧之外,还需要一定的耐心,所以别想着立竿见影,更不要因此气馁了。自己制定的练习计划要达到一定高的频率,才能达到最好的效果——每次练习的间隔不要超过两天。把能看的报纸文章,电影剧本甚至歌词都拿来练习,大声朗读,而且要把自己读的都录下来,之后要反复听录音并且从以下几个方面来做分析:你在发音时,长处和缺点都有啥?哪些母语里的发音习惯被你不小心带到外语里去了?你也可以向外语本族人寻求帮助,比如把录音上传到像Judge my accent这样的网上互助论坛,让本族人来帮你评判。
  Accents can be tricky, but never lose hope! The more you speak and the more feedback you can get (either from yourself or native speakers), the better your accent will become.
  练习口音虽难,但千万别放弃啦!练得越多,得到的反馈越多(不管是自己检查,还是让别人给你意见),你的口音才能变得更地道!

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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 complexity KO9z3     
n.复杂(性),复杂的事物
参考例句:
  • Only now did he understand the full complexity of the problem.直到现在他才明白这一问题的全部复杂性。
  • The complexity of the road map puzzled me.错综复杂的公路图把我搞糊涂了。
2 tricky 9fCzyd     
adj.狡猾的,奸诈的;(工作等)棘手的,微妙的
参考例句:
  • I'm in a rather tricky position.Can you help me out?我的处境很棘手,你能帮我吗?
  • He avoided this tricky question and talked in generalities.他回避了这个非常微妙的问题,只做了个笼统的表述。
3 stereotypical af5b561e94abd66f688fbfcccaffdce3     
n.常规
参考例句:
  • Personas should be typical and believable, but not stereotypical. 人物角色应该是典型和可信赖的,但不是一成不变的。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Anything could be stereotypical, so I guess it could be criticism. 任何东西都可以变的老套,所以我猜那就是一种批评。 来自互联网
4 phonetic tAcyH     
adj.语言的,语言上的,表示语音的
参考例句:
  • Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。
  • English phonetic teaching is an important teaching step in elementary stages.语音教学是英语基础阶段重要的教学环节。
5 navigate 4Gyxu     
v.航行,飞行;导航,领航
参考例句:
  • He was the first man to navigate the Atlantic by air.他是第一个飞越大西洋的人。
  • Such boats can navigate on the Nile.这种船可以在尼罗河上航行。
6 tuned b40b43fd5af2db4fbfeb4e83856e4876     
adj.调谐的,已调谐的v.调音( tune的过去式和过去分词 );调整;(给收音机、电视等)调谐;使协调
参考例句:
  • The resort is tuned in to the tastes of young and old alike. 这个度假胜地适合各种口味,老少皆宜。
  • The instruments should be tuned up before each performance. 每次演出开始前都应将乐器调好音。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 differentiate cm3yc     
vi.(between)区分;vt.区别;使不同
参考例句:
  • You can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys.你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。
  • He never learned to differentiate between good and evil.他从未学会分辨善恶。
8 initially 273xZ     
adv.最初,开始
参考例句:
  • The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
  • Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。
9 unfamiliar uk6w4     
adj.陌生的,不熟悉的
参考例句:
  • I am unfamiliar with the place and the people here.我在这儿人地生疏。
  • The man seemed unfamiliar to me.这人很面生。
10 weird bghw8     
adj.古怪的,离奇的;怪诞的,神秘而可怕的
参考例句:
  • From his weird behaviour,he seems a bit of an oddity.从他不寻常的行为看来,他好像有点怪。
  • His weird clothes really gas me.他的怪衣裳简直笑死人。
11 systematically 7qhwn     
adv.有系统地
参考例句:
  • This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
  • The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。
12 shortcut Cyswg     
n.近路,捷径
参考例句:
  • He was always looking for a shortcut to fame and fortune.他总是在找成名发财的捷径。
  • If you take the shortcut,it will be two li closer.走抄道去要近2里路。
13 peculiar cinyo     
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的
参考例句:
  • He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
  • He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。
14 intonation ubazZ     
n.语调,声调;发声
参考例句:
  • The teacher checks for pronunciation and intonation.老师在检查发音和语调。
  • Questions are spoken with a rising intonation.疑问句是以升调说出来的。
15 subtitles 2ed599c1a6d0321e20001bc46d236f37     
n.说明字幕,印在外国影片上的对白翻译字幕,译文对白字幕;小标题,副标题( subtitle的名词复数 );(电影的)字幕
参考例句:
  • subtitles for the deaf and the hard of hearing 为耳聋和听力不佳者打出的字幕
  • a Polish film with English subtitles 附有英语字幕的波兰影片
16 syllable QHezJ     
n.音节;vt.分音节
参考例句:
  • You put too much emphasis on the last syllable.你把最后一个音节读得太重。
  • The stress on the last syllable is light.最后一个音节是轻音节。
17 lyrics ko5zoz     
n.歌词
参考例句:
  • music and lyrics by Rodgers and Hart 由罗杰斯和哈特作词作曲
  • The book contains lyrics and guitar tablatures for over 100 songs. 这本书有100多首歌的歌词和吉他奏法谱。
18 analyze RwUzm     
vt.分析,解析 (=analyse)
参考例句:
  • We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
  • The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。
19 input X6lxm     
n.输入(物);投入;vt.把(数据等)输入计算机
参考例句:
  • I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
  • All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。
20 recordings 22f9946cd05973582e73e4e3c0239bb7     
n.记录( recording的名词复数 );录音;录像;唱片
参考例句:
  • a boxed set of original recordings 一套盒装原声录音带
  • old jazz recordings reissued on CD 以激光唱片重新发行的老爵士乐