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VOA标准英语2008年-Sudan Seeks Support to Defy International Justi

时间:2008-08-02 06:15:52

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Sudan has launched a diplomatic offensive against an attempt to bring Sudan's president, Omar Hassan al-Bashir before the International Criminal Court in The Hague on charges of genocide and war crimes stemming from the conflict in Darfur. Tendai Maphosa reports from London.

Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir scoffed1 at the idea of prosecution2 and one of his senior advisors3 warned that if the International Criminal Court persists, Sudan would not be able to guarantee the safety of U.N. peacekeepers or other foreign nationals in Sudan.

They were reacting to the announcement in The Hague by the criminal court's chief prosecutor4, Luis Moreno-Ocampo, that he is requesting an arrest warrant for the president.

Moreno-Ocampo said even though the president may not have actively5 participated in events in Darfur, he gave the orders to have people killed, raped6 and displaced.

"He basically targeted to attack three groups, the Fur, Masalid and Zaghawa to destroy them, first he attacked them in the villages, they removed from the villages, they went into camps and now they are attacked in the camps so genocide is a crime of intention we don't need him to kill two million people to say now we can sue him, we need to stop him before," he said.

Should the court's pre-trial judges agree, Mr. Bashir would become the first sitting president to have such an arrest warrant issued against him.

The request for a warrant for President Bashir's arrest brings up the issue of immunity7 enjoyed by heads of state and government under international law.

Anthony Dworkin, who runs a non-government organization to raise public awareness8 of the laws of war, explains that heads of government can be prosecuted10.

"There is a long standing11 principle in international law that heads of state enjoy immunity from prosecution, but that immunity is limited to other national courts, to domestic jurisdiction12 in other countries, so a head of state cannot be prosecuted while he is serving in office in another state," he said. "But there is a long-standing tradition in international law that international tribunals do not have to give immunity to head of states."

Dworkin cautioned that even if Mr. Bashir were to be indicted13, apprehending14 him would be almost impossible.

"The government of Sudan should deliver the suspect to the court, but no one expects that to happen as Sudan has not cooperated, so far, with the arrest warrants that have been issued for two other much more junior people," he said.

Dworkin added that countries that are signatories to the International Criminal Court would be obliged to execute the arrest warrant if President Bashir goes on to their territory. As a result, he says, the Sudanese leader might just avoid visiting those countries.

The Sudanese government has repeatedly denied the allegations against it and rejects the court's jurisdiction. In addition, Sudanese embassy spokesman in London Khalid al-Mubarak believes heads of state and government cannot be arrested.

"All heads of government have got immunity; this was actually through an initiative by President Eisenhower a long time ago and his argument was that heads of government travel to solve problems that is why immunity is important for them," he said.

The government has also sought to enlist15 the support of other Muslim and African countries. The African Union has petitioned the U.N. Security Council to defer16 the International Criminal Court's decision to investigate and prosecute9 President Bashir.

Sudan has also warned that ICC charges could dim prospects17 for peace negotiations18 in Darfur.

International law expert Elizabeth Wilmshurst of the London-based research center, Chatham House says that should a warrant be issued there is a way to keep the peace process going.

"The court statute19 itself provides a way out; if a particular court process is detrimental20 to a particular peace process article 16 of the statute says that the Security Council, on behalf of the international community can ask the court to stop proceedings21 for a year," she said.

Human rights activists22 say formal charges against Mr. Bashir would send a strong message to other leaders who abuse the rights of their people that it is not business as usual any more.

Others fear that, once indicted, despots will hold on to power to avoid being brought before the courts, as they remain untouchable as long as they hold office.

Mr. Bashir's case will be followed closely. Calls for Zimbabwe's President Robert Mugabe to answer for the violence surrounding his recent re-election campaign have grown louder in recent weeks.

 



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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 scoffed b366539caba659eacba33b0867b6de2f     
嘲笑,嘲弄( scoff的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He scoffed at our amateurish attempts. 他对我们不在行的尝试嗤之以鼻。
  • A hundred years ago people scoffed at the idea. 一百年前人们曾嘲笑过这种想法。
2 prosecution uBWyL     
n.起诉,告发,检举,执行,经营
参考例句:
  • The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
  • He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。
3 advisors 9c02a9c1778f1533c47ade215559070d     
n.顾问,劝告者( advisor的名词复数 );(指导大学新生学科问题等的)指导教授
参考例句:
  • The governors felt that they were being strung along by their advisors. 地方长官感到他们一直在受顾问们的愚弄。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • We will consult together with advisors about her education. 我们将一起和专家商议她的教育事宜。 来自互联网
4 prosecutor 6RXx1     
n.起诉人;检察官,公诉人
参考例句:
  • The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
  • The prosecutor would tear your testimony to pieces.检查官会把你的证言驳得体无完肤。
5 actively lzezni     
adv.积极地,勤奋地
参考例句:
  • During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
  • We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。
6 raped 7a6e3e7dd30eb1e3b61716af0e54d4a2     
v.以暴力夺取,强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 );强奸
参考例句:
  • A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
  • We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致,不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句
7 immunity dygyQ     
n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权
参考例句:
  • The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
  • He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。
8 awareness 4yWzdW     
n.意识,觉悟,懂事,明智
参考例句:
  • There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
  • Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。
9 prosecute d0Mzn     
vt.告发;进行;vi.告发,起诉,作检察官
参考例句:
  • I am trying my best to prosecute my duties.我正在尽力履行我的职责。
  • Is there enough evidence to prosecute?有没有起诉的足够证据?
10 prosecuted Wk5zqY     
a.被起诉的
参考例句:
  • The editors are being prosecuted for obscenity. 编辑因刊载污秽文字而被起诉。
  • The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act. 这家公司被控违反《卫生安全条例》。
11 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
12 jurisdiction La8zP     
n.司法权,审判权,管辖权,控制权
参考例句:
  • It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
  • Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。
13 indicted 4fe8f0223a4e14ee670547b1a8076e20     
控告,起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
  • He was indicted by a grand jury on two counts of murder. 他被大陪审团以两项谋杀罪名起诉。
14 apprehending a2f3cf89539c7b4eb7b3550a6768432c     
逮捕,拘押( apprehend的现在分词 ); 理解
参考例句:
  • China has not been totally unsuccessful apprehending corruption suspects. 在逮捕腐化分子方面,中国并非毫无进展。
  • Apprehending violence is not an easy task. 惧怕暴力不是一件容易的事。
15 enlist npCxX     
vt.谋取(支持等),赢得;征募;vi.入伍
参考例句:
  • They come here to enlist men for the army.他们来这儿是为了召兵。
  • The conference will make further efforts to enlist the support of the international community for their just struggle. 会议必将进一步动员国际社会,支持他们的正义斗争。
16 defer KnYzZ     
vt.推迟,拖延;vi.(to)遵从,听从,服从
参考例句:
  • We wish to defer our decision until next week.我们希望推迟到下星期再作出决定。
  • We will defer to whatever the committee decides.我们遵从委员会作出的任何决定。
17 prospects fkVzpY     
n.希望,前途(恒为复数)
参考例句:
  • There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
  • They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。
18 negotiations af4b5f3e98e178dd3c4bac64b625ecd0     
协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过
参考例句:
  • negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
  • Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
19 statute TGUzb     
n.成文法,法令,法规;章程,规则,条例
参考例句:
  • Protection for the consumer is laid down by statute.保障消费者利益已在法令里作了规定。
  • The next section will consider this environmental statute in detail.下一部分将详细论述环境法令的问题。
20 detrimental 1l2zx     
adj.损害的,造成伤害的
参考例句:
  • We know that heat treatment is detrimental to milk.我们知道加热对牛奶是不利的。
  • He wouldn't accept that smoking was detrimental to health.他不相信吸烟有害健康。
21 proceedings Wk2zvX     
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报
参考例句:
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
22 activists 90fd83cc3f53a40df93866d9c91bcca4     
n.(政治活动的)积极分子,活动家( activist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
  • Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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