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SSS 2011-02-22

时间：2011-03-04 05:51:35

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（单词翻译）

This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Steve Mirsky. Got a minute?

A new development in malaria1:

“Plasmodium vivax, the world’s most common malaria parasite2, now infects people previously3 considered to be resistant4.”

Peter Zimmerman from Case Western Reserve University school of medicine spoke5 at the AAAS meeting in Washington on February 19th.

“So, red blood cells of most African people do not express the Duffy blood-group protein. Now, the Duffy blood-group protein is essentially6 necessary for Plasmodium vivax to get into the red cell. Duffy-negative Africans have been considered to be resistant to Plasmodium vivax.”

Zimmerman studied Malagasy populations on Madagascar. He found that 10 percent of Duffy-negative subjects were in fact infected with Plasmodium vivax.

“So we’ve shown that Plasmodium vivax has cleared Duffy negativity. If Plasmodium vivax is evolving to learn how to infect the Duffy-negative red cell, then a large continent of people suddenly becomes susceptible7 to a new form of malaria.”


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1 malaria B2xyb     
n.疟疾
参考例句：
  • He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
  • Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。
2 parasite U4lzN     
n.寄生虫；寄生菌；食客
参考例句：
  • The lazy man was a parasite on his family.那懒汉是家里的寄生虫。
  • I don't want to be a parasite.I must earn my own way in life.我不想做寄生虫，我要自己养活自己。
3 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前，先前（地）
参考例句：
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。
4 resistant 7Wvxh     
adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的
参考例句：
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
5 spoke XryyC     
n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说
参考例句：
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
6 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上，实质上，基本上
参考例句：
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
7 susceptible 4rrw7     
adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的
参考例句：
  • Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
  • We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。

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