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SSS 2011-09-27

时间:2011-10-07 06:25:21

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(单词翻译)

 This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Sophie Bushwick. Got a minute?

 
The shortest distance between two points may be a straight line, but try telling that to electrons: when current flows down a wire, these particles zig and zag, moving indirectly1 from one end to the other. But now researchers have sped single electrons straight to their destinations using sound. The work is in the journal Nature. 
 
An electron's quantum state carries information, making it important for a viable2 quantum computer. As the particle staggers down a wire, however, its state loses coherence—the electron "forgets" the information it carried. 
 
To make it travel more efficiently3, researchers blasted a short burst of sound at an electron trapped in an energy well. The sound wave "lifted" the electron, speeding it directly towards an empty well. Once it reached its destination, a sound burst from the opposite direction sent the electron back to its original location. 
 
This discovery is a step toward quantum computing4, which requires the controlled transfer of single electrons. But it could also have another application: electron ping-pong. Researchers have bounced an electron back and forth5 up to 60 times. Nice nano-rally.
 
Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Sophie Bushwick.

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1 indirectly a8UxR     
adv.间接地,不直接了当地
参考例句:
  • I heard the news indirectly.这消息我是间接听来的。
  • They were approached indirectly through an intermediary.通过一位中间人,他们进行了间接接触。
2 viable mi2wZ     
adj.可行的,切实可行的,能活下去的
参考例句:
  • The scheme is economically viable.这个计划从经济效益来看是可行的。
  • The economy of the country is not viable.这个国家经济是难以维持的。
3 efficiently ZuTzXQ     
adv.高效率地,有能力地
参考例句:
  • The worker oils the machine to operate it more efficiently.工人给机器上油以使机器运转更有效。
  • Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently.地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。
4 computing tvBzxs     
n.计算
参考例句:
  • to work in computing 从事信息处理
  • Back in the dark ages of computing, in about 1980, they started a software company. 早在计算机尚未普及的时代(约1980年),他们就创办了软件公司。
5 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

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