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21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册 Unit7

时间:2006-02-21 16:00:00

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(单词翻译)

Unit 7

Text A

Listening

First Listening
Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.

chase
追逐

back up
支持;证明

eraser
橡皮

incredibly
难以置信地

incident
事件

Second Listening
Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

1. How did their new white neighbors treat the author's family?
A) Both the adults and the children were welcoming.
B) The adults were welcoming, but the children were unfriendly.
C) The adults were unfriendly, but the children were welcoming.
D) Both the adults and the children were unfriendly.
2. How did Miss Bean treat the black student in class?
A) She ignored him.
B) She asked him only easy questions.
C) She asked him difficult questions.
D) She apologized for the other students' behavior.
3. How did Miss Bean teach the author to think for himself?
A) She made him memorize sayings about the old west.
B) She made him give his opinions and tell why he thought that way.
C) She made him study the history of France.
D) She threw an eraser at him.
4. After Miss Bean threw the eraser, how was the school different?
A) Miss Bean had a new nickname.
B) The other students were more friendly towards the black student.
C) Everyone paid more attention in Miss Bean's class.
D) Both A) and B).

Pre-reading Questions

1. Have you ever been in a situation where you were considered "different" from everyone else? What happened? How did you feel?
2. What happened to the writer when he was 12 years old? Skim the first paragraph to find out.
3. How did he feel at that time? Skim the second paragraph to find out. How do you think you'd have felt in his position?

J Became Her Target

Roger Wilkins

My favorite teacher's name was "Dead-Eye" Bean. Her real name was Dorothy. She taught American history to eighth graders in a junior high school in Grand Rapids, Michigan. It was the fall of 1944, Franklin D. Roosevelt was president; American troops were battling their way across France; I was a 12-year-old black newcomer in a school that was otherwise all white. When we moved in, the problem for our new neighbors was that their neighborhood had previously1 been all-white and they were ignorant about black people. The prevailing2 wisdom in the neighborhood was that we were spoiling it and that we ought to go back where we belonged. There was a lot of angry talk among the adults, but nothing much came of it.
But some of the kids were quite nasty during those first few weeks. They threw stones at me, chased me home when I was on foot and spat3 on my bike seat when I was in class. For a time, I was a pretty lonely, friendless and sometimes frightened kid.
I now know that Dorothy Bean understood most of that and deplored5 it. So things began to change when I walked into her classroom. She was a pleasant-looking single woman, who looked old and wrinkled to me at the time, but who was probably about 40.
Whereas my other teachers approached the problem of easing in their new black pupil by ignoring him for the first few weeks, Miss Bean went right at me. On the morning after having read our first assignment, she asked me the first question. I later came to know that in Grand Rapids, she was viewed as a very liberal person who believed, among other things, that Negroes were equal.
I gulped7 and answered her question and the follow-up. They weren't brilliant answers, but they did establish the fact that I could speak English. Later in the hour, when one of my classmates had bungled9 an answer, Miss Bean came back to me with a question that required me to clean up the girl's mess and established me as a smart person.
Thus, the teacher began to give me human dimensions, though not perfect ones for an eighth grader. It was somewhat better to be, on one's early days, a teacher's pet than merely a dark presence in the back of the room.
A few days later, Miss Bean became the first teacher ever to require me to think. She asked my opinion about something Jefferson had done. In those days, all my opinions were derivative10. I was for Roosevelt because my parents were and I was for the Yankees because my older buddy11 from Harlem was a Yankee fan. Besides, we didn't have opinions about historical figures like Jefferson. Like our high school building, he just was.
After I had stared at her for a few seconds, she said: "Well, should he have bought Louisiana or not?"
"I guess so," I replied tentatively.
"Why?" she shot back.
Why! What kind of question was that? But I ventured an answer. Day after day, she kept doing that to me, and my answers became stronger and more confident. She was the first teacher to give me the sense that thinking was part of education and that I could form opinions that had some value.
Her final service to me came on a day when my mind was wandering and I was idly digging my pencil into the writing surface on the arm of my chair. Miss Bean impulsively12 threw a hunk of gum eraser at me. By amazing chance, it hit my hand and sent the pencil flying. She gasped13, and I crept hurriedly after my pencil as the class roared.
That was the ice breaker. Afterward14, kids came up to me to laugh about "Old Dead-Eye Bean." The incident became a legend, and I, a part of that story, became a person to talk to.
So that's how I became just another kid in school and Dorothy Bean became "Old Dead-Eye."
(698 words)

New Words

dead-eye
a. 神射手的

grader
n. (美)(中小学的)…年级学生

ignorant
a. (of, about) knowing little or nothing 无知的

wisdom
n. 1. an idea or opinion 看法,意见
2. 智慧

spoil
vt. 1. cause to become of no use or value; ruin 损坏;糟蹋
2. give a child whatever it wants, or let them do what it wants, with the result that it behaves badly 庞坏,溺爱

*nasty
a. unkind and unpleasant towards other people 凶恶的

chase
vt. follow rapidly in order to catch 追赶,追逐

deplore4
vt. 哀叹,对…深感遗憾

whereas
conj.although; while 虽然;而

view
vt. consider; regard; think about 看待;考虑

liberal
a. willing to respect the ideas and feelings of others 开明的

gulp6
vi. 喘不过气,哽住

follow-up
n. 紧接着的问题;后续事物

bungle8
vt. do sth. badly 把…搞糟

mess
n. a state of disorder15 or confusion 凌乱,一团糟

dimension
n. characteristic; quality 特点,特性

pet
n. 1. (often derog.) a person treated with special favour, esp. in a way that seems unfair to others 得宠的人,宠儿
2. an animal kept by a person in the home as a companion 爱畜,宠物

merely
ad. only and nothing else 仅仅,只不过

presence
n. the fact or state of being present 存在;出席;到场

derivative
a. derived16 from sth. else; not original 被引申出的;派生的;缺乏独创性的;第二手的

buddy
n. a friend 好朋友,伙伴

tentatively
ad. hesitantly 犹豫地,迟疑不决地

venture
vt. take the risk of saying (sth. that may be opposed or considered foolish) 大胆说,不揣冒昧说出

confident
a. feeling or showing trust in oneself or one's ability 自信的;有信心的

impulsively
ad. 一时冲动地

hunk
n. a large piece of sth. that is cut from a whole(一)大片,(一)厚块

gum
n. 橡胶,口香糖

eraser
n. 橡皮;黑板擦

gum eraser
橡皮

*gasp
vi. catch the breath suddenly, esp. because of surprise, shock, etc. 急促地吸气,倒抽一口气

creep(crept)
vi. move slowly and quietly with the body close to the ground 爬行,匍匐潜行

roar
vi. laugh long and loudly; laugh in a noisy way 大笑,狂笑
ice breaker
n. 破冰船;打破僵局的东西,使气氛开始活跃的言行

afterward(s)
ad. later; after that 后来;以后

*legend
n. 传奇故事;传说

Phrases and Expressions

battle one's way
一路奋战

move in
begin to live in a new place 迁入,搬进

come of
result from 产生;是…的结果

ease in
(小心翼翼地)使逐步适应

go at
rush at 向…冲来

among other things
除了别的以外;其中

clean up
make clean or tidy 把…打扫干净;清理

day after day
continuously 日复一日地

by chance
by accident, accidentally 偶然,碰巧

Proper Names

Roger Wilkins
罗杰·威尔金斯(人名)

Dorothy Bean
多萝西·毕恩(人名)

Grand Rapids
大瀑布城(美国密执安州西南部城市)

密执安州(美国州名)

Jefferson
杰斐逊(1743 - 1826,美国第三任总统 [1801 - 1809],《独立宣言》主要起草人)

Roosevelt, Franklin D.
富兰克林·D·罗斯福(1882 - 1945,美国第三十二任总统 [1933 - 1945])

Yankees, the
(纽约)扬基队(美国职业棒球队)

Harlem
哈莱姆(美国纽约市的一个黑人居住区)

Louisiana
路易斯安那州(美国州名)


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1 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
2 prevailing E1ozF     
adj.盛行的;占优势的;主要的
参考例句:
  • She wears a fashionable hair style prevailing in the city.她的发型是这个城市流行的款式。
  • This reflects attitudes and values prevailing in society.这反映了社会上盛行的态度和价值观。
3 spat pFdzJ     
n.口角,掌击;v.发出呼噜呼噜声
参考例句:
  • Her parents always have spats.她的父母经常有些小的口角。
  • There is only a spat between the brother and sister.那只是兄妹间的小吵小闹。
4 deplore mmdz1     
vt.哀叹,对...深感遗憾
参考例句:
  • I deplore what has happened.我为所发生的事深感愤慨。
  • There are many of us who deplore this lack of responsibility.我们中有许多人谴责这种不负责任的做法。
5 deplored 5e09629c8c32d80fe4b48562675b50ad     
v.悲叹,痛惜,强烈反对( deplore的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • They deplored the price of motor car, textiles, wheat, and oil. 他们悲叹汽车、纺织品、小麦和石油的价格。 来自辞典例句
  • Hawthorne feels that all excess is to be deplored. 霍桑觉得一切过分的举动都是可悲的。 来自辞典例句
6 gulp yQ0z6     
vt.吞咽,大口地吸(气);vi.哽住;n.吞咽
参考例句:
  • She took down the tablets in one gulp.她把那些药片一口吞了下去。
  • Don't gulp your food,chew it before you swallow it.吃东西不要狼吞虎咽,要嚼碎了再咽下去。
7 gulped 4873fe497201edc23bc8dcb50aa6eb2c     
v.狼吞虎咽地吃,吞咽( gulp的过去式和过去分词 );大口地吸(气);哽住
参考例句:
  • He gulped down the rest of his tea and went out. 他把剩下的茶一饮而尽便出去了。
  • She gulped nervously, as if the question bothered her. 她紧张地咽了一下,似乎那问题把她难住了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 bungle QsZz6     
v.搞糟;n.拙劣的工作
参考例句:
  • If you bungle a job,you must do it again!要是你把这件事搞糟了,你得重做!
  • That last stupid bungle of his is the end.他那最后一次愚蠢的错误使我再也无法容忍了。
9 bungled dedbc53d4a8d18ca5ec91a3ac0f1e2b5     
v.搞糟,完不成( bungle的过去式和过去分词 );笨手笨脚地做;失败;完不成
参考例句:
  • They bungled the job. 他们把活儿搞糟了。
  • John bungled the job. 约翰把事情搞糟了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
10 derivative iwXxI     
n.派(衍)生物;adj.非独创性的,模仿他人的
参考例句:
  • His paintings are really quite derivative.他的画实在没有创意。
  • Derivative works are far more complicated.派生作品更加复杂。
11 buddy 3xGz0E     
n.(美口)密友,伙伴
参考例句:
  • Calm down,buddy.What's the trouble?压压气,老兄。有什么麻烦吗?
  • Get out of my way,buddy!别挡道了,你这家伙!
12 impulsively 0596bdde6dedf8c46a693e7e1da5984c     
adv.冲动地
参考例句:
  • She leant forward and kissed him impulsively. 她倾身向前,感情冲动地吻了他。
  • Every good, true, vigorous feeling I had gathered came impulsively round him. 我的一切良好、真诚而又强烈的感情都紧紧围绕着他涌现出来。
13 gasped e6af294d8a7477229d6749fa9e8f5b80     
v.喘气( gasp的过去式和过去分词 );喘息;倒抽气;很想要
参考例句:
  • She gasped at the wonderful view. 如此美景使她惊讶得屏住了呼吸。
  • People gasped with admiration at the superb skill of the gymnasts. 体操运动员的高超技艺令人赞叹。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
14 afterward fK6y3     
adv.后来;以后
参考例句:
  • Let's go to the theatre first and eat afterward. 让我们先去看戏,然后吃饭。
  • Afterward,the boy became a very famous artist.后来,这男孩成为一个很有名的艺术家。
15 disorder Et1x4     
n.紊乱,混乱;骚动,骚乱;疾病,失调
参考例句:
  • When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后,他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
  • It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。
16 derived 6cddb7353e699051a384686b6b3ff1e2     
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取
参考例句:
  • Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》

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