VOA标准英语2013--The Debate Over Targeted Killings

（单词翻译）

The Debate Over Targeted Killings²

From VOA Learning English, this is IN THE NEWS in Special English.

This week, NBC News reported on a document written by the Department of Justice on the policy of targeted killings of American terrorism suspects. The document is a "white paper" titled “Lawfulness of a Lethal⁴ Operation Directed Against a U.S. Citizen Who is a Senior Operational Leader of Al Qa’ida or An Associated Force. ”

In the memo⁵, the Justice Department says using deadly force in a foreign country against a United States citizen would be lawful³ if three conditions are met. The first condition is that an informed, high-level official of the United States government has found that the targeted person presents an "imminent⁶ threat of violent attack against the United States."

The second condition is that capturing the targeted person is not possible, and that the United States continues to monitor the possibility of capture. The third condition is that the operation would not violate the laws of war.

The paper details the reasons and conditions that a targeted killing¹ of a United States citizen overseas would be lawful under American and international law.  The department also provides its reasons why these targeted killings would not violate the constitutional rights of American citizens.

Some unmanned drone air strikes have targeted American citizens linked to al-Qaida, including Anwar al-Awlaki and Samir Khan.  They were killed in a drone strike in Yemen in September 2011. Neither man had been charged with crimes in the United States.

The paper has resulted in criticism from lawmakers and human rights groups. Critics say it could be used to increase the president’s power to use deadly force against suspected terrorists. Democratic Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon says he fears President Obama could be acting⁷ as judge, jury and executioner. 

"It is the idea of giving any president unfettered power to kill an American without checks and balances that is so troubling. Every American has the right to know when their government believes it is allowed to kill them."  16 seconds – 2.5 lines

On Wednesday the Obama administration told the Justice Department to share classified documents on the issue with the intelligence committees in Congress. A group of senators sent President Obama a request to receive the documents. 

The shorter, unclassified white paper was released just before President Obama’s nominee⁸ to lead the Central Intelligence Agency faced a confirmation⁹ hearing. John Brennan is currently the president’s counterterrorism adviser¹⁰. He has been an active supporter of permitting drone strikes against American citizens suspected of terrorist activities. 

Mr. Brennan defended the policy during his confirmation hearing Thursday before the Senate Intelligence Committee. He said the strikes were done only when no other method could work to protect the safety of Americans. He also said the government would rather capture terrorists in order to gather intelligence from them.

"I never believe it is better to kill a terrorist than to detain him. We want to detain as many terrorists as possible so we can elicit¹¹ intelligence from them in an appropriate manner and disrupt terrorist attacks."