专业术语—口腔生理学术语T2(英文详解)

时间：2006-07-05 16:00:00

（单词翻译:单击）

ical - in a local area. e.g application of medication to the affected¹ part only.

Trabecula-bone -a description of the radiographic appearance of spongy bone. Radiographs provide an unusual opportunity to see condensations² within spongy bone. These condensations form lines, or beams with are orientated³ so as to give the best support to loads tending to crush or fracture the bone.( the Latin word for a wooden beam was trabes, a small beam was a trabecula)

Transcription- a process which leads to the copying of a gene⁴'s code, from a section of DNA⁵, onto a strand⁶ of messenger RNA and which eventually leads to the synthesis of the peptide or protein which that gene codes for.

Transforming growth factor- TGF a superfamily of cytokines secreted⁷ by a variety of cells (monocytes, T cells, platelets, fibroblasts). The family include bone morphogenic proteins, which stimulate⁸ angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and inhibit⁹ T cell proliferation.

Tropocollagen - the precursor¹⁰ to the collagen molecule¹¹ secreted by the cell. The removal of terminal peptides on the tropocollagen allows each molecule to join end to end with another to make a collagen fibril.

Tubule - a small tube leading into a duct,or as in dentinal tubules.

Turnover¹² - the replacement¹³ of cells by mitosis which keeps pace with cell loss, as in epithelia and blood cells. Also refers to the continual replacement of connective tissues like bone and fibrous tissue.

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1 affected
adj.不自然的，假装的
参考例句：
She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。 His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

2 condensations
n.冷凝( condensation的名词复数 )；冷凝液；凝结的水珠；节略
参考例句：
The removal of ultrafine particles from coal combustion was investigated experimentally based on condensations vaporwet scrubber. 对洗涤塔内相变促进燃煤细颗粒凝结长大与脱除进行了实验研究。来自互联网

3 orientated
v.朝向( orientate的过去式和过去分词 )；面向；确定方向；使适应
参考例句：
He orientated himself by finding a familiar landscape. 他寻见一处熟悉的景色，从而确定自己所处的方位。来自《简明英汉词典》 They orientated the tennis court north and south. 他们把网球场定为南北向。来自辞典例句

4 gene
n.遗传因子，基因
参考例句：
A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。 The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

5 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句：
DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。 Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

6 strand
vt.使（船）搁浅，使（某人）困于（某地）
参考例句：
She tucked a loose strand of hair behind her ears.她把一缕散发夹到了耳后。 The climbers had been stranded by a storm.登山者被暴风雨困住了。

7 secreted
v.（尤指动物或植物器官）分泌( secrete的过去式和过去分词 )；隐匿，隐藏
参考例句：
Insulin is secreted by the pancreas. 胰岛素是胰腺分泌的。 He secreted his winnings in a drawer. 他把赢来的钱藏在抽届里。来自《简明英汉词典》

8 stimulate
vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋
参考例句：
Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。 Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。

9 inhibit
vt.阻止，妨碍，抑制
参考例句：
Don't let ego and greed inhibit clear thinking and hard work.不要让自我和贪婪妨碍清晰的思维和刻苦的工作。 They passed a law to inhibit people from parking in the street.他们通过一项法令以阻止人们在街上停车。

10 precursor
n.先驱者；前辈；前任；预兆；先兆
参考例句：
Error is often the precursor of what is correct.错误常常是正确的先导。 He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。

11 molecule
n.分子，克分子
参考例句：
A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen.一个水分子是由P妈̬f婘̬ 妈̬成的。 This gives us the structural formula of the molecule.这种方式给出了分子的结构式。

12 turnover
n.人员流动率，人事变动率；营业额，成交量
参考例句：
The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。 Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。

13 replacement
n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品
参考例句：
We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。 They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。