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Listen this way听力教程第一册-3

时间:2006-10-23 16:00:00

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(单词翻译)

Unit 3  Clear or Cloudy?

Part Ⅰ Getting ready
The condition of wind, temperature, rain, sunshine, snow, etc., at a certain time or over a period of time is called weather. British people often have conversations about the weather.

A  The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. All of them are related to weather and some are frequently used in weather forecasts. Listen carefully and study the definitions.
   1. freezing point: the temperature at which water becomes ice
   2. relative humidity: a measure of the amount of moisture in the air
   3. calm: peaceful, not rough
   4. barometric1 pressure: the downward pressure of the air at a particular place
   5. widely scattered2: far apart
   6. shower: a fall of rain or snow lasting3 a short time
   7. lows: the low temperatures during a certain period of time
   8. variable: changeable
   9. thunderstorms: local, short storms with thunder, lightening, and heavy rain
  10. gale4: a very strong wind

   Temperature can be measured in degrees Centigrade or degrees Fahrenheit5. Usually we use "C" to stand for Centigrade or Celsius6. The abbreviation for Fahrenheit is "F" The sign for degrees is "°". Centigrade or Celsius (C) is commonly used in China, while Fahrenheit (F) is widely used in English speaking countries. (The formulae for temperature conversion7 are: C=5(F-32)/9 and F=9C/5+32.)
 
B  You are going to hear five statements about temperature, write down all the degrees in both Centigrade(C) and Fahrenheit(F).
   (℃ )  -10   0   10   20   30  40   50   60   70   80   90   100
     ------1----1----1----1----1---1----1----1----1----1----1----1----
   (°F)  14   32   50   68   86  104  122  140  158  176  194  212
   1. The freezing point of water is _______ ℃ or _______ °F.
   2. The boiling point of water is _______ ℃ or _______ °F.
   3. The normal body temperature is _______ ℃ or _______ °F.
   4. The temperature on a warm spring day is ________ ℃ or _______ °F.
   5. The temperature on a hot summer's day is _______ ℃ or _______ °F.
 
   A weather forecast is given several times a day on TV and on the radio. The man who predicts weather conditions is called the weatherman. In most English speaking countries, the weatherman usually speaks with a personal and friendly tone. He acts as if he is chatting with a friend about what the weather will be like.

C  You are going to hear a report on weather around the world. Complete the following table.
   City           Country  Time        Weather    Temperature (℃)
   New York       USA    _________   _________   _________    
   Auckland   ______   11:10 a.m.  _________   _________  
   Beijing        China    _________   _________   _________  
   Calcutta       India    _________   _________   _________  
   Honolulu       USA    _________   _________   _________  
   Melbourne   ______   _________   clear    _________
   Mexico City   Mexico   _________   _________   _________   
   Moscow   Russia   _________   _________   _________   
   Paris   France   _________   _________   _________   
   San Francisco  USA    _________   _________   _________  
   Sao Paulo   ______   _________   _________   14

Part Ⅱ A weather report
In many cities, besides radio and TV, it is also possible to get a weather forecast on the telephone. A typical forecast gives the current temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and barometric pressure with exact figures, and also predicts weather for the next few days with broad and general terms. The recordings8 are changed several times a day.

A  You are going to hear a weather report. Write down every word as a dictation. It will be read three times. In the first reading, you will hear the whole report from beginning to end. In the second reading, you will hear a pause after each sentence or just part of a sentence. During the pause, you must write down what you have just heard as quickly as possible. You can check what you have written with the third reading.
   ______________________________________________________
   ______________________________________________________
   ______________________________________________________
   ______________________________________________________
   ______________________________________________________
   ______________________________________________________

B  You are going to hear a National Weather Service forecast for the Chicago, Illinois, area. Pay special attention to the temperatures. Fill in the following chart with information about temperatures from the report. Note that where there is a dash (?, there is nothing to write. All the time periods mentioned in the report have been filled in for you.
   Time             Temperature (℃) 
   10:00 p.m.     Lakefront: 
      Midway: 
      O'Hare: 
      Lows    Highs
   Tonight     __________     -- 
   Tomorrow         --             __________
   Tomorrow night   __________     -- 
   Tuesday     --             __________
   Wednesday        __________     __________
   Thursday         __________     __________
   Friday     __________     __________ 

C  Now try this: listen to a more authentic9 version of the weather report. Pay more attention to the other features of the weather. Take notes on the chart below. Note that where there is a dash (--), there is nothing to write.
   Time            Weather   Humidity   Wind       Barometric 
                   Description                        Pressure
   10:00 p.m.    --  _________  _________  ____and rising
   Tonight    ___________ --     _________  --
   Tomorrow    ___________ --         _________  -- 
   Tomorrow night  ___________ --         --         -- 
   Tuesday    ___________ _________  --         -- 
   Wednesday    ___________ --         --         --
   Thursday    ___________ --         --         --
   Friday    ___________ --         --         --

Part Ⅲ At a bus stop
The weather seems to be a favourite topic of conversation in Britain. This is not because it's particularly interesting but that it's a safe subject that can be shared by everyone. It's often used as a subject to open a conversation. The subject itself is not very important. What is important is that the two people are establishing contact.

A  You are going to hear a conversation between a man and a woman. They are talking about the weather. The following vocabulary is used in the conversation. Guess the meaning when you hear these words and expressions. While you listen, don't forget to add more key words in the notes column. They will be very helpful for the next section,
   1. ended up with:
   2. coming down hard:
   3. attorney:
   4. off the lobby:
   5. stop in:
   6. donut/doughnut shop:
   7. boy:

B  You are going to hear the conversation again. Answer the following questions with the help of the notes.
   1. Where does the conversation take place?
   2. What time of day is it?
   3. What season of the year is it?
   4. What is the relationship between the speakers?
   5. How long has the woman been waiting?
   6. What did the weathermen say that morning?
   7. Where did the man work?
   8. What is their opinion of weather reports?

C  Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the conversation and decide whether the statements after the conversation are True or False. Put "T" or "F" in the brackets.
   1. (   )   2. (   )  3. (   )  4. (   )   5. (   ) 
   6. (   )   7. (   )  8. (   )  9. (   )  10. (   ) 

Part Ⅳ More about the topic: Is Earth Overheating?
Human activities, from farming to burning fossil fuels, are releasing gases that may trap too much heat in the atmosphere. Scientists are worrying about the Greenhouse effect which may cause the average global temperature to increase. Are you worried?
The following short passage is about the rise of global average temperature. Supply the missing words while listening.

   Evidence shows that over the past _________ years there has been a close correlation10 between global average ________ and the amount of carbon dioxide in the _________.
   In _________, before the Industrial Revolution began to take full ______, the carbon dioxide level was about _________ ppm. By the ______ the carbon dioxide level had _____ to perhaps _____ ppm. Today, according to analyses of air samples, the level is more than _________ ppm. _________ higher than the _________ level.
   At the same time, scientists have noted11 that the global average temperature is ________ rising. Since the _________, most _______ have been unusually hot. In fact, the _________ warmest years since _________ have occurred in the past _________ decades, and _________ saw the_________highest global average temperature. The _________ heat wave _________ public attention on a possibility that had _________ scientists for some time-the possibility of a __________ rise in Earth's temperature.
   Scientists tell us that it is the burning of ____, oil, and other _____ that has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Factories account for ___________of the carbon dioxide added by the burning of fuels; electric power plants, ___________; motor vehicles, ___________; and heating equipment for homes and businesses, ___________.
   As Stephen Schneider, a climatologist at the National Centre for Atmospheric12 Research puts it, "It is often said that we do not so much _______ the world from our forebears, but rather we ______ it from our ________. It is increasingly urgent that we ____ to prevent our ____ from growing out of _______."

Part Ⅴ Memory test: Weather Forecast
Another important reason why people talk about the weather in Britain is that it's so unpredictable. You can never tell what the weather's going to be like from one day to the next. You may listen to the weather forecast on radio, TV, or telephone. But often the weather changes faster than the weatherman can predict. But still many people have formed a habit of listening to the weather forecast in the morning.

A  You are going to hear a weather forecast on the radio for England and Scotland. Fill in as much information as possible.
   Place                   Weather Description
   Southeast of England           _____________________
   Southwest of England           _____________________
   North of England and Scotland  _____________________ 
   Northeast of Scotland   _____________________

B  You are going to hear a weather forecast for the UK. Write down all the words that the weatherman uses to describe weather.
   Southwest      ______________________________
   Around London    
   & Southeast      ______________________________
   Midlands      ______________________________
   North Wales      ______________________________
   South Wales      ______________________________
   Northeast      ______________________________
   Scotland      ______________________________
   Northern Ireland  ______________________________ 

Part Ⅵ Reminder13 of key points in this unit
          Verb & Verb Phrase  Noun & Noun Phrase   Other
   Part Ⅰ        temperature 
                degree 
                Centigrade/Celsius 
                Fahrenheit 
                formula 
                conversion 
   Part Ⅱ        forecast              calm
                relative humidity      widely scattered
                barometric pressure    variable
                shower              fair
                lows / highs      extended
                thunderstorm      promising14
   Part Ⅲ predict       attorney              freezing
    end up with       travel agency      awful
    come down hard     lobby              typical
    stop in       donut shop      around the corner
   Part Ⅳ take full effect   correlation      global
    occur       carbon dioxide      average
    focus       atmosphere      ppm.
    account for        Industrial Revolution  steadily
    inherit       analysis              disastrous
                air sample      increasingly
                decade              urgent
                heat wave              out of control
                electric power plant 
                heating equipment 
                climatologist 
                forebear 
   Part Ⅴ        coast              maximum
                weather outlook      above zero
                weather centre      due to
                depression 
                fog patch 
                sleet 
 


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1 barometric 8f9aa910b267a0dd0a4a3f7ad83555f5     
大气压力
参考例句:
  • Electricity compensates for barometric pressure as well as system pressure variations. 用电补偿大气压和系统压力的变化。
  • A barometric altimeter indicates height above sea level or some other selected elevation. 气压高度表用以指示海平面或另外某个被选定高度以上的高度。
2 scattered 7jgzKF     
adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的
参考例句:
  • Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来,塞进文件夹里。
3 lasting IpCz02     
adj.永久的,永恒的;vbl.持续,维持
参考例句:
  • The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
  • We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。
4 gale Xf3zD     
n.大风,强风,一阵闹声(尤指笑声等)
参考例句:
  • We got our roof blown off in the gale last night.昨夜的大风把我们的房顶给掀掉了。
  • According to the weather forecast,there will be a gale tomorrow.据气象台预报,明天有大风。
5 Fahrenheit hlhx9     
n./adj.华氏温度;华氏温度计(的)
参考例句:
  • He was asked for the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit.他被问到水的沸点是华氏多少度。
  • The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.寒暑表指出华氏80度。
6 Celsius AXRzl     
adj.摄氏温度计的,摄氏的
参考例句:
  • The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
  • The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
7 conversion UZPyI     
n.转化,转换,转变
参考例句:
  • He underwent quite a conversion.他彻底变了。
  • Waste conversion is a part of the production process.废物处理是生产过程的一个组成部分。
8 recordings 22f9946cd05973582e73e4e3c0239bb7     
n.记录( recording的名词复数 );录音;录像;唱片
参考例句:
  • a boxed set of original recordings 一套盒装原声录音带
  • old jazz recordings reissued on CD 以激光唱片重新发行的老爵士乐
9 authentic ZuZzs     
a.真的,真正的;可靠的,可信的,有根据的
参考例句:
  • This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
  • Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。
10 correlation Rogzg     
n.相互关系,相关,关连
参考例句:
  • The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
  • A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。
11 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
12 atmospheric 6eayR     
adj.大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的
参考例句:
  • Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
  • Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。
13 reminder WkzzTb     
n.提醒物,纪念品;暗示,提示
参考例句:
  • I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
  • It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知,她才付应该交的房租。
14 promising BkQzsk     
adj.有希望的,有前途的
参考例句:
  • The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
  • We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

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