如何成为福尔摩斯 第6期

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　　夏洛克·福尔摩斯的荧幕发展史其实始于一部舞台剧。

　　The first prominent actor to play Holmes was an American matinee idol¹, William Gillette, in his own version.

　　首位演福尔摩斯的杰出演员是深受全美观众喜爱的威廉·吉利特倾情演绎的。

　　Sherlock Holmes, A Drama in Four Acts.

　　《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》 一部四幕剧。

　　The actor Tim Pigott-Smith played Dr Watson in the first major revival² of Gillette's play, in the 1970s.

　　演员蒂姆·皮格特·史密斯在20世纪70年代吉利版本的第一次重演中饰演华生医生。

　　Gillette was an absolutely archetypal Victorian actor manager.

　　吉利是维多利亚时代典型的演员经理。

　　That particular role doesn't really exist now, but then, it was the way the theatre worked.

　　这个职位现在不存在了，不过当时剧院就是这么运作的。

　　And like the Paget illustrations, Gillette added new elements to the character that endure to this day.

　　和佩吉特的插图一样，吉利将新元素加入角色并一直延续至今。

　　In the Paget drawings, Holmes is smoking a straight pipe, and Gillette introduced the curved pipe.

　　在佩吉特的插图中，福尔摩斯使用直式烟斗，而吉利换成了弯式。

　　The theory is that it was better for the mouth, that the audience could see him more clearly.

　　因为这样可以露出嘴，观众可以更清晰地看到他。

　　And, of course, the famous phrase "Elementary, my dear Watson" was also an invention of Gillette's.

　　当然还有名句"演绎法啊，亲爱的华生。"也是出自吉利的原创。

　　He toured the play extensively. He brought it to England, where the young Charles Chaplin, aged³ 11, played Billy the pageboy.

　　他带着舞台剧到处巡演。在整个英国家喻户晓，当时只有11岁的查尔斯·卓别林也在其中饰演了一个叫比利的小听差。

　　He made a lot of money out of it. It was phenomenally successful.

　　他从中大赚一笔，这台剧也十分成功。

　　The play would serve as a blueprint⁴ for future film versions, especially after William Gillette committed his famous stage performance to film in 1916.

　　此剧也为以后的电影版本提供了参考，尤其是在1916年威廉·吉利特将自己的舞台剧搬上银幕之后。

　　The film, alas⁵, is now lost and only these few production stills survive, but it presented for the first time on screen the popular image of Sherlock Holmes, with all the accessories and phrases that Paget and Gillette had given him, and which many, if not all, subsequent actors playing Holmes have adopted.

　　很可惜，电影胶片已经遗失，只有极少数的片段留在这部电影里。佩吉特的道具和吉利的台词一起塑造了一个深入人心的福尔摩斯，此后的扮演者们也将其中大部分一一保留。

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