走进牛津大学 第6期:牛津大学校舍的建立

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　　贝利奥尔学院是约翰.贝利奥尔在达拉谟主教的指引下建造的。

　　His support for a house of scholars studying at Oxford² began in around 1263.

　　贝利奥尔就开始资助牛津大学建校舍，

　　After his death in 1268，his widow continued to superise, so as to ensure the establishment of the college.

　　在1268年贝利奥尔辞世后，他的遗孀继续监督校舍建造以确保学院落成。

　　The founder³ of MertonCollege was Bishop of Rochester Walter de Merton, chancellor⁴ to Henry III and later to Edward I.

　　默顿学院的建造者是罗彻斯特主教沃尔特.默顿，他是亨利二世以及后来的爱德华一世执政时的大臣。

　　In 1264, Walter drew up statutes⁵ for a “house of the scholars of Merton”.

　　1264年，沃尔特给“默顿的 学者们”起草了一个章程。

　　Ten years later, he transferred those scholars to Oxford, who he supported at Malden, Surrey.

　　10年后，沃尔他在萨里郡的莫尔登资助过的学生们转移到了牛津。

　　Then he established Merton College.

　　接着，他建立了默顿学院。

　　For the last three years of his life Walter divided his time between his duties in Rochester and the supervision⁶ of Merton College.

　　在他生命的最后3年里，沃尔特把所有的时间用在他在罗彻斯特的工作和默顿学院的管理上。

　　Unfortunately, he died from an accident in 1277.

　　不幸的是，他因一场意外于1277年辞世。

　　Between the 14th and 15th century, another 7 colleges also came into existence in succession,

　　14-15世纪，另外7个学院也陆续建成，

　　comprising Exeter College in 1314, Oriel College in 1326，Queen's College in 1341，New College in 1379，Lincoln College in 1427，

　　包括1314年成立的艾克赛特学院、1326年成立的奥里尔学院、1341年建成的女王学院、1379年建成的新学院、1427年建成的林肯学院、

　　All Souls College in 1438，and Magdalen College in 1458.

　　分别成立于1438年及1458年的众灵学院和莫德林学院。

　　What’s more，there were also two colleges built during this time, St Edmunds Hall in 1226 and Hertford College in 1282.

　　此外，在此期间建立的学院还有两个：1226年的圣.艾德蒙学堂和1282年的赫特福德学院。

　　However, it was not until later that they were admitted as colleges, due to different standards of a college.

　　但是，由于对学院的评估标准不一，直到后来它们才被承认是学院。

　　They were making the transition to a college respectively in 1957 and 1740.

　　它们分别于1957年和1740年改称为学院。

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