走进牛津大学 第44期:每周与导师见一面

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牛津大学和剑桥大学的另一个相似之处在于它们特别的教学方法。

The principal teaching method at Oxbridge colleges is the "supervision²" or "tutorial", used at Cambridge and Oxford respectively, though with the same meaning.

“牛桥”的学院采用的教学方法主要是导师制，虽然意思相同，但在剑桥大学和牛津大学分别被称作“监督”和“个别指导”。

Under the "supervision" or "tutorial", small groups of students meet with a member of the university's teaching staff weekly or more frequently.

依照导师制，学生们以小组为单位每周和学校的教员见面一次，或者更多。

Students are normally required to complete an essay or assignment in advance of the session,

学生们在会面之前通常要完成一篇读书笔记或课外作业，

which they will discuss with the supervisor³ or tutor for an hour.

他们会和导师用一个小时左右的时间讨论这些作业。

Actually, Oxford and Cambridge share a common history: both were founded more than 800 years ago;

事实上，两校的历史也十分相似：它们都起源于800多年前;

both were places to study scholasticism;

都曾经是经院哲学的堡垒;

both had educated a large number of Britain's most prominent scientists, writers and politicians, as well as noted⁴ figures in many other fields.

都为英国培养了大量杰出的科学家、作家、政治家、以及社会各界的知名人士。

They have also established similar institutions and facilities,

它们还建立了类似的机构和设施，

such as printing houses like Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press,

例如：印刷厂——牛津大学出版社和剑桥大学出版社、

botanical gardens like University of Oxford Botanic Garden and Cambridge University Botanic Garden,

植物园——牛津大学植物园和剑桥大学植物园、

museums like the Ashmolean and the Fitzwiiliam, legal deposit libraries like the Bodleian and the Cambridge University Library,

博物馆—— 牛津大学博物馆和剑桥大学费兹威廉博物馆、法定图书馆——牛津大学图书馆和剑桥大学图书馆、

and societies like the Oxford Union and the Cambridge Union.

以及社团——牛津联盟和剑桥联盟。

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