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万物简史 第117期:势不两立的科学(18)

时间：2016-06-16 02:17:56

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（单词翻译）

 He did not hesitate to persecute1 those whom he disliked. Early in his career Owen used his influence at the Zoological Society to blackball a young man named Robert Grant whose only crime was to have shown promise as a fellow anatomist. Grant was astonished to discover that he was suddenly denied access to the anatomical specimens2 he needed to conduct his research. Unable to pursue his work, he sank into an understandably dispirited obscurity.

他毫不犹豫地迫害他不喜欢的人。早年，他利用自己在地质学会的影响排斥一位名叫罗伯特·格兰特的年轻人，而格兰特惟一的罪过就是显示出他很有希望成为一名解剖学家。格兰特吃惊地发现自己突然被剥夺了使用解剖标本的权利，而这是他进行研究所必不可缺的。由于无法再从事他的工作，他变得灰心丧气，默默无闻，这是可以理解的。
But no one suffered more from Owen's unkindly attentions than the hapless and increasingly tragic3 Gideon Mantell. After losing his wife, his children, his medical practice, and most of his fossil collection, Mantell moved to London.
欧文如此不客气，受到伤害最大的要算是越来越悲惨的倒霉蛋吉迪恩·曼特尔。在失去妻子、子女、医生职业和大部分化石收藏品以后，曼特尔搬到了伦敦。
There in 1841—the fateful year in which Owen would achieve his greatest glory for naming and identifying the dinosaurs—Mantell was involved in a terrible accident. While crossing Clapham Common in a carriage, he somehow fell from his seat, grew entangled4 in the reins5, and was dragged at a gallop6 over rough ground by the panicked horses. The accident left him bent7, crippled, and in chronic8 pain, with a spine9 damaged beyond repair.
1841年是决定性的一年，欧文在伦敦将获得命名和发现恐龙的殊荣——而曼特尔遇上了一场可怕的事故。当马车穿过克莱翰公地的时候，他不知怎的从车座上掉下来，缠在缰绳中间，被受惊的马匹飞快拉过粗糙的地面。这起事故造成他背部弯曲，走路跛脚，常年疼痛，脊椎受损，再也无法恢复。

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1 persecute gAwyA     
vt.迫害，虐待；纠缠，骚扰
参考例句：
  • They persecute those who do not conform to their ideas.他们迫害那些不信奉他们思想的人。
  • Hitler's undisguised effort to persecute the Jews met with worldwide condemnation.希特勒对犹太人的露骨迫害行为遭到世界人民的谴责。
2 specimens 91fc365099a256001af897127174fcce     
n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人
参考例句：
  • Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。
  • The traveler brought back some specimens of the rocks from the mountains. 那位旅行者从山上带回了一些岩石标本。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 tragic inaw2     
adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的
参考例句：
  • The effect of the pollution on the beaches is absolutely tragic.污染海滩后果可悲。
  • Charles was a man doomed to tragic issues.查理是个注定不得善终的人。
4 entangled e3d30c3c857155b7a602a9ac53ade890     
adj.卷入的；陷入的；被缠住的；缠在一起的v.使某人（某物/自己）缠绕，纠缠于（某物中），使某人（自己）陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）( entangle的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • The bird had become entangled in the wire netting. 那只小鸟被铁丝网缠住了。
  • Some military observers fear the US could get entangled in another war. 一些军事观察家担心美国会卷入另一场战争。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 reins 370afc7786679703b82ccfca58610c98     
感情，激情； 缰( rein的名词复数 )； 控制手段； 掌管； （成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带
参考例句：
  • She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。
  • The government has imposed strict reins on the import of luxury goods. 政府对奢侈品的进口有严格的控制手段。
6 gallop MQdzn     
v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展
参考例句：
  • They are coming at a gallop towards us.他们正朝着我们飞跑过来。
  • The horse slowed to a walk after its long gallop.那匹马跑了一大阵后慢下来缓步而行。
7 bent QQ8yD     
n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的
参考例句：
  • He was fully bent upon the project.他一心扑在这项计划上。
  • We bent over backward to help them.我们尽了最大努力帮助他们。
8 chronic BO9zl     
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的
参考例句：
  • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
  • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。
9 spine lFQzT     
n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊
参考例句：
  • He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.他从马上跌下摔断了脊梁骨。
  • His spine developed a slight curve.他的脊柱有点弯曲。

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