走进耶鲁大学 第36期:内森黑尔(1)

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内森黑尔

Nathan Hale was a soldier for the Continental¹ Army during the American Revolutionary War. Widely considered America's first spy, he volunteered for an intelligence-gathering mission, but was captured by the British. He is best remembered for his speech before being hanged following the Battle of Long Island, in which he said, "I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country." Hale has long been considered an American hero and, in 1985, he was officially designated the state hero of Connecticut. Statues of Nathan Hale are located at the headquarters of the CIA in Langley, Fairfax County, Virginia, the Federal Triangle in Washington, D.C., downtown Chicago, on the campus at Yale University, and in the Tulane University Law School reading room.

内森黑尔是美国独立战争时期大陆军团的一名战士。他被认为是美国第一个间谍。他自愿接受情报搜集任务，但是被英军认出并抓获。他被处以绞刑之前说了一句话，让人们永世难忘，那就是"我惟一的憾事就是我只能为祖国牺牲一次"，之后就爆发了长岛战争。一直以来黑尔都被认为是美国的英雄。1985年，他被正式冠以"康涅狄格州的英雄"称号。他的雕像被放在很多地方，比如弗吉尼亚州的费尔法克斯县、 兰利的中央情报局、芝加哥商业区、华盛顿特区的联邦三角、耶鲁大学的校园，还有杜兰大学法学院的阅览室里。

Nathan Hale was born in Coventry, Connecticut in 1755. In 1768, when he was fourteen years old, he was sent with his brother Enoch to Yale College. Nathan was a classmate of fellow patriot² spy Benjamin Tallmadge. The Hale brothers belonged to the Yale literary fraternity, which debated topics in astronomy, mathematics, literature, and the ethics³ of slavery. Graduating with first-class honors in 1773，Nathan became a teacher, first in East Haddam and later in New London. After the Revolutionary War began in 1775, he joined a Connecticut militia⁴ and was elected first lieutenant⁵. On July 6，1775，he joined the regular Continental Army's 7th Connecticut Regiment⁶ under Colonel Charles Webb of Stamford. He was promoted to captain and in March 1776，commanded a small unit of Lt. Col. Thomas Knowlton's Rangers⁷ defending New York City. They managed to rescue a ship full of provisions from the guard of a British man-of-war.

内森黑尔于1755年出生在康涅狄格州的考文垂。1768年，他14岁，他和弟弟伊诺克被送进耶鲁学院。内森和本杰明塔尔米奇是同班同学。黑尔兄弟属于耶鲁文学兄弟会，他们讨论的话题包括天文学、数学、文学和奴隶制的道德问题。他在1773 年荣誉毕业，成为一名教师，首先任教在东哈德姆，后来在新伦敦。革命战争开始于 1775年，他参加了一个康涅狄格民兵组织，并担任中尉。在1775年7月6日，他加入了斯坦福上校查尔斯韦伯领导下的大陆军的第七康涅狄格团。1776年3月，他被晋升为队长，指挥中校托马斯诺尔顿的一支小分队保卫纽约市。他们设法营救在英国兵船防守下的运粮船只。

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