GRE填空如何凭借关键词判断关系

　　1.根据关键词汇来判断语言上的基本逻辑关系

　　因果、(because, in that, for, therefore, thus, accordingly, consequently, given, hence, so…that, so...as to, if…then, when...then, as long as……)转折、(albeit, although, though, but, despite, even though, however, in spite of, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whatever, regardless, even if, even though, yet, and yet……)递进、(even, indeed………)对比、(in contrast, on the contrary, far from, on the other hand, rather than, instead of, not…but, paradoxically, ironically, surprisingly, unexpectedly, curiously……)等等。

　　2.寻找句子中的重复关系

　　作为研究生院入学的参考考试，也许是为了体现内容有深度，很多句子涉及到了各个学科的背景知识。同时基于对所有学科学生都要公平的原则，所有的题目在 解题点上都不涉及背景知识。为了做到这一点，很多时候ETS都是把答案放到句子中，然后用语言上的线索提示你去把它找出来。以下是提供重复线索的几种常见 形式：

　　(1) 简单的直接重复

　　The eradication¹ of pollution is not merely a matter of ___, though the majestic² beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.

　　A. economics B. legislation C. cleanliness D. aesthetics³ E. restoration

　　尽管大自然的美确实很重要，但污染的消除不仅是什么问题，当然不仅是美的问题。

　　Comparatively few rock musicians are willing to laugh at themselves, although a hint of----can boost sales of video clips very nicely.

　　A. self-deprecation B. congeniality C. cynicism D. embarrassment⁵ E. self-doubt

　　摇滚乐手很少自嘲，尽管什么东西能促进录像短片的销售，当然就填自嘲。

　　Melodramas⁶, which presented stark⁷ oppositions⁸ between innocence⁹ and criminality, virtue¹⁰ and corruption¹¹, good and evil, were popular precisely¹² because they offered the audience a world ___of___.

　　A. bereft¹³.. theatricality¹⁴ B. composed.. adversity C. full.. circumstantiality D. deprived.. polarity

　　E. devoid¹⁵.. neutrality

　　Melodramas这个词不认识也没关系，既然它表现的是无辜与罪行、道德与堕落、善与恶之间的刻板对立，那么它提供给观众什么样的世界呢?当然是刻板对立的世界，只有E选项符合要求。

　　(2) 解释型重复

　　The Muses¹⁶ are___deities: they avenge¹⁷ themselves without mercy on those who weary of their charms.

　　A. rueful B. ingenuous¹⁸ C. solicitous¹⁹ D. vindictive²⁰ E. dispassionate

　　冒号后面的内容就是正确选项D这个词的释义，所以不知道缪斯是什么东西也能轻松选对。

　　Unenlightened authoritarian²¹ managers rarely recognize a crucial reason for the low levels of serious conflict among members of democratically run work groups: a modicum²² of tolerance²³ for dissent²⁴ often prevents___.

　　A. demur²⁵ B. schism²⁶ C. cooperation D. compliance²⁷ E. shortsightedness

　　冒号后面的内容解释了民主方式运作的工作团体中为何少有严重的冲突，所以即使看不懂a modicum of

　　tolerance for dissent是什么东西，也应该知道这个东西避免了严重冲突，故选B。

　　(3) 根据语法结构推断重复：

　　The valedictory²⁸ address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary ___ that permits very little ___.

　　A. text.. clarity B. work.. tradition C. genre²⁹.. deviation³⁰

　　D. oration⁴.. grandiloquence³¹ E. achievement.. rigidity³²

　　a literary ___ that permits very little ___. 是前面的a very strict form的同位语，所以第一空格填form的同义或近义词，that permits very little___. 这个从句完成后应为strict的同义或近义词。

　　Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this dominance has, until very

　　recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact, a bit of arcane³³ knowledge noted³⁴ only by bibliographers.

　　A. a controversial B. a statistical³⁵ C. an analytical³⁶ D. an explicit³⁷ E. an unimpeachable³⁸

　　这道题同样，a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.是前面的___ fact的同义重复，所以空格应填入文献学家关注的事实，已知的五个选项里显然只有B选项的statistical(统计的)是文献学家的份内工作。

　　(4) 凭借具有指示作用的形容词或代词来寻找重复

　　Longdale and Stern discovered that mitochondria and chloroplasts ___ a long, identifiable sequence of DNA³⁹; such a coincidence could be ___ only by the transfer of DNA between the two systems.

　　A. manufacture.. accomplished⁴⁰ B. reveal.. repeated C. exhibit.. determined⁴¹

　　D. share.. explained E. maintain.. contradicted

　　下半句的such a coincidence说明第一空格的动词填入后应体现为是一种巧合，两个看不懂是什么的、只知道是不一样的东西(非相关专业的绝大部分学生是不太可能认 识mitochondria和chloroplasts这两个词的)怎样了一个长的、可以认为是一模一样的DNA序列就是一个巧合呢?当然只有D的 share表示了这个意思。

　　Laws do not ensure social order since laws can always be ___ , which makes them ___ unless the authorities have the will and the power to detect and punish wrongdoing.

　　A. contested.. provisional B. circumvented⁴².. antiquated⁴³ C. repealed⁴⁴.. vulnerable

　　D. violated.. ineffective E. modified.. unstable⁴⁵

　　Which指代逗号前面的那句话，也就是“法律不保障社会秩序”，这就使得法律怎样呢?当然只有D选项的ineffective符合句意。

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