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反意疑问句的三种基本结构

时间:2016-10-30 23:52:13

(单词翻译:单击)

   结构一:肯定的陈述句 + 否定的简短问句?

  It's Monday today, isn't it? 今天星期一,是吗?
  He often goes to school by bike, doesn't he? 他常常骑自行车上学,对吗?
  They went to the park yesterday, didn't they? 他们昨天去的公园,是吗?
  用法说明:前面陈述部分是肯定形式,后面简短问句用否定形式。简短问句的主谓部分通常由陈述部分的主谓语来决定,即人称一致、时态一致。
  对于反意疑问句的回答,总的一个原则是:不管问题的提法如何,只要事实上是肯定的,就用 yes 回答,事实上是否定的,就用 no回答。但当陈述部分是否定句时,回答译成汉语时不一样。这与汉语截然不同,应特别注意。如:
  —You don't want to go out, do you? 你不想出去,对吧?
  —Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 不,我想出去。/ 对,我不想出去。
  结构二:否定的陈述句 + 肯定定的简短问句?
  That isn't your book, is it? 那不是你的书,是吗?
  Jim doesn't speak French2, does he? 吉姆不会说法语,对吗?
  用法说明:当陈述部分有 hardly3, seldom4, few5, little, no, never, nothing, nobody6, nowhere7 等否定词时,疑问部分要用肯定形式。如:
  He never said8 she would9 come, did1 he? 他从来没说她会来,是吗?
  Nobody can answer the question, can they? 没有人能回答这个问题,是吗?
  Few people know about it, do they? 几乎没有人知道有关这件事情,是吗?
  You have never seen10 the film, have you? 你从来没看过这部电影,是吗?
  Neither11 you nor12 I can work it out, can we? 你我都不能算出它,对吗?
  结构三:祈使句 + 简短问句?
  Stop talking, will you? 停止讲话,好吗?
  Pass me the pen, will you / won't you? 把这支钢笔传给我,好吗?
  Don't be late again, will you? 不要再迟到了,行吗?
  Let us help you, will you? 让我们帮助你,好吗?
  Let's have a rest, shall13 we? 咱们休息一会儿,行吗?
  用法说明:
  1. 祈使句的反意疑问句,若前面是否定结构,则附加问句只能用 will you。若前面是肯定结构,附加问句用 will you,也可用 won't / would / can / can't you 或 shall we 等,它形式上是反意疑问句,但并不表示正式的疑问句,也不表示反意,而是表示邀请或表示请求。如:
  Close all the windows, will you / won't you? 把所有的窗户都关上,好吗?
  Don't go to the park by bus, will you? 别乘公共汽车去公园,好吗?
  2. let's 用于提出建议并包括对方时,其附加问句用 shall we。let us 表示征求对方许可,其附加问句用 will you。let + 第三人称时,其附加问句用 will you。这种反意疑问句往往用来表示进一步征求对方的意见,使口气变得客气、委婉一些。如:
  Let's go to see the pandas, shall we? 咱们首先去看熊猫,好吗?
  Let us wait until14 5:00, will you? 让我们等到5点,好吗?

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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 did SvwxP     
v.动词do的过去式
参考例句:
  • How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球?
  • Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢?
2 French EiLxQ     
adj.法国(人)的,法语的;n.法语;vt.剁肉,蔬菜切成长条
参考例句:
  • She reads French quite well,but doesn't speak it.她法语的阅读能力相当强,但不会讲。
  • The only French city she enjoyed was Paris.巴黎是她惟一喜欢的法国城市。
3 hardly SeqxK     
adv.几乎没有,刚刚,几乎不,勉强是
参考例句:
  • I could hardly believe my eyes.我简直不相信自己的眼睛。
  • The hens hardly laid any eggs in summer.母鸡夏天几乎不下蛋。
4 seldom oZrxW     
adv.很少,不常
参考例句:
  • Lazy people seldom succeed.懒惰的人很少会成功。
  • On Sundays,he seldom stays in the house.星期天他很少待在房子里。
5 few kk0x2     
adj.很少的,不多的,少数的;int.少数的
参考例句:
  • There are few woods in that area.那个地区几乎没有森林。
  • I have a few questions.我有些问题要问你。
6 nobody TGcxW     
pron.无人,没有任何人
参考例句:
  • Nobody is in the house.没有人在房子里。
  • Nobody knows where she lives.没有人知道她住哪里。
7 nowhere 1HxxA     
adv.任何地方都不;无处,到处都无
参考例句:
  • There's nowhere else I really want to go to.没有别的地方是我真正想去的。
  • He had nowhere to go,so I took him in.他无处可去,所以我收留了他。
8 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句:
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
9 would 8fPwB     
aux.will的过去式;愿,要;常常;大概;将要,会
参考例句:
  • Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说?
  • Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗?
10 seen ujyzZX     
vbl.(see的过去分词)看见
参考例句:
  • Since I left college, I have not seen him.自从我离开大学以后,就没有见过他了。
  • I hope to have seen the film next week.我希望下星期能看到这部电影。
11 neither nRTzG     
adj.皆不,两不;int.两者都不;conj.既非,既不
参考例句:
  • I don't know that neither.那个我也不知道。
  • He doesn't smoke neither does he drink.他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
12 nor 0Hixj     
conj./adv.也不,也没有
参考例句:
  • It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.这里冬天既不热也不冷。
  • She can't get there at four,nor can I.她不能在四点钟到那里,我也不能。
13 shall lzFwQ     
v.aux.(主要用于第一人称)将
参考例句:
  • I shall always love you.我将永远爱你。
  • Which club shall we join?我们要参加哪个社团?
14 until cjnw3     
prep.直到...为止;conj.直到...时才...
参考例句:
  • He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
  • She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。