在线英语听力室

过去完成时的用法

时间：2016-11-18 04:32:01

（单词翻译:单击）

 　　(1) 与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以多种多样，使用它的主要依据是看其是否发生在“过去的过去”。如：

　　He had1 learnt some English before I went here. 在来这儿之前我学过一些英语。
　　He had written three stories by last year. 到去年他已经写了三篇故事。
　　We had cleaned the room when he got3 there. 当他到那儿时，我们已经把房子弄干净了。
　　He went there after he had finished4 his work. 他把事做完之后，就去哪儿了。
　　注意：当主句跟由before, after, as2 soon as所引导的时间从句的动作连接很紧密时，从句也可用一般过去时。
　　He went there after he read the letter. 他看了那封信后就去那儿了。
　　(2) 过去完成时还经常用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如：
　　He said5 he had been a soldier6. 他说他当过兵。
　　They said they had seen7 the film. 他们说这幕电影他们看过。
　　(3) 在hardly8 / scarcely9 …when…, no sooner…than… 两个结构中的主句通常要用过去完成时。如：
　　Hardly had I told her the news10 when she began to cry out. 她一听到这一消息就大哭了起来。
　　Scarcely had he finished his supper when he went out. 他已吃完晚饭就出去了。
　　No sooner had he fallen asleep11 than he lay12 down on the bed. 他一躺倒床上就睡着了。
　　(4) 动词expect13, hope14, suppose15, think, want等的过去完成时可用来表示未实现的计划、打算或希望。如：
　　I had hoped16 to see you. 我本希望来看你。
　　He had wanted to buy a house in Beijing. 他本想在北京买栋房子。

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1 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有
参考例句：
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
2 as pNiyL     
conj.按照；如同
参考例句：
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里，这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
3 got wfuxi     
v.(get的过去式)得到，猜到，明白
参考例句：
  • I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
  • I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。
4 finished otFzWn     
adj.完成的，精湛的；v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
参考例句：
  • We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
  • We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
5 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句：
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
6 soldier XTMzH     
n.士兵，战士
参考例句：
  • He is a good soldier.他是个好战士。
  • He is a brave soldier.他是一个勇敢的士兵。
7 seen ujyzZX     
vbl.(see的过去分词)看见
参考例句：
  • Since I left college, I have not seen him.自从我离开大学以后，就没有见过他了。
  • I hope to have seen the film next week.我希望下星期能看到这部电影。
8 hardly SeqxK     
adv.几乎没有，刚刚，几乎不，勉强是
参考例句：
  • I could hardly believe my eyes.我简直不相信自己的眼睛。
  • The hens hardly laid any eggs in summer.母鸡夏天几乎不下蛋。
9 scarcely Vj6zJq     
adv.几乎不，简直没有，勉强
参考例句：
  • He found the dullness of his work scarcely bearable.他觉得他的工作枯燥乏味，简直无法忍受。
  • She scarcely earns enough money to make ends meet.她几乎挣不到足够的钱以维持开支。
10 news OG1xE     
n.新闻，消息
参考例句：
  • No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。
  • I like reading hot news.我喜欢读热点新闻。
11 asleep dNayW     
adj.睡熟了的，麻木的；adv.熟睡地
参考例句：
  • The baby seems to be asleep.那婴孩好像是睡着了。
  • My right foot is asleep.我的右脚麻木了。
12 lay A1xxw     
（lie的过去式和过去分词）；vt.击，放置，产卵，使平静，打赌，压平，设计；vi.生蛋，打赌，全力以赴；n.隐蔽处，计划，价格，生蛋，叙事诗，诗歌；adj.世俗的，外行的
参考例句：
  • Please lay the knife on the dish.请把刀放在盘子上。
  • All birds lay eggs.鸟都下蛋。
13 expect tmCx7     
vt.预期，期待，料想
参考例句：
  • Don't expect me to run after you all your life.别指望我伺候你一辈子。
  • Don't expect too much of his idea.不要对他的主意期望过高。
14 hope Kcwx9     
vt.希望，期望；vi.希望，期待；n.希望，期望
参考例句：
  • We hope you can come.我们希望你能来。
  • Hope you'll enjoy yourself there.愿您度过愉快的一天。
15 suppose drDwo     
v.料想，猜测；假定，以为；（祈使句）让，设
参考例句：
  • I suppose he will be back by eight o'clock.我想他八点钟以前会回来。
  • Suppose he can't come,who will do the work?如果他不能前来，谁来做这项工作呢？
16 hoped a49e6abbf781049044a6e8b55118c6f8     
v.希望，期望( hope的过去式和过去分词 )；[俚语]相信，认为；希望，盼望，期待
参考例句：
  • He hoped they would not feel affronted if they were not invited . 他希望如果他们没有获得邀请也不要感到受辱。
  • They hoped to enlist the help of the public in solving the crime. 他们希望寻求公众协助破案。