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由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

时间：2016-11-29 04:18:53

（单词翻译:单击）

 　　1. 由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体，在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。如：This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是这个人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是这个人。

　　2. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。但若介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who，或者省略不同。如：这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that，也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。(which可以换成that，也可以省略)
　　3. 关系副词when, where, why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。如： That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住过的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必须道歉的原因。
　　4. 在很正式的文体中，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。如：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)注：这类“介词+关系代词++不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，也不能放在句末。如不能说There the children had a garden which to play in.

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0     
参考例句：
0 apologize wMJyJ     
vi.道歉，谢罪；vt.道歉，谢罪，辩白
参考例句：
  • You must apologize to her for having kept her waiting.让她等了这么久，你应该为此向她表示歉意。
  • I must apologize for calling so late.我真是抱歉这么晚了才打电话给你。
0 born 8xkzhH     
v.动词bear的过去分词；adj.出生的，与生俱来的
参考例句：
  • The baby can cry as soon as he is born.婴儿生下来就会哭。
  • I feel as if I had been born again.我有一种再生之感。
0 could lzvxe     
v.能，可能(can的过去式)；aux.v.(can的过去式)能；可以
参考例句：
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗？
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
0 garden rhhxP     
n.花园，果园，菜园
参考例句：
  • I like garden too,but I don't like hard work.我也喜欢花园，但是我不喜欢辛苦的劳动。
  • Oh,what a beautiful garden!啊，多美的花园！
0 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有
参考例句：
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
0 house 3cbxG     
n.房屋
参考例句：
  • They painted the house themselves.他们亲自油漆了房屋。
  • I passed by your house.我经过你的家。
0 lived e22864336bd8b265bcd2d0435462e1f4     
adj.有…之生命的v.活( live的过去式和过去分词 )；居住；以…为生；（按照规矩）管理生活
参考例句：
  • The monks lived a very ascetic life. 僧侣过着很清苦的生活。
  • They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。
0 lot Z0jxZ     
n.许多；好些
参考例句：
  • We had a lot of difficulties.我们碰到过许多困难。
  • Helen eats a lot of fruit.海伦水果吃得很多。
0 reason lTYxU     
n.原因，理由，理智，道理；v.劝说，推理
参考例句：
  • That is the reason why we must go now.那就是我们现在必须走的理由。
  • The reason for the flood was that heavy rain.水灾是那场大雨造成的。
0 referred 952801d9e615d57fd6600e3bb3db2717     
vi.(to)涉及，查阅v.提到( refer的过去式和过去分词 )；针对；关系到；请教
参考例句：
  • The case was referred to a higher court. 案件转到了上一级法院。
  • We referred the matter back to the Finance Committee. 我们把这事转回给财政委员会处理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
0 subject LtxwO     
n.科目，主题；adj.服从的，易患的
参考例句：
  • Which is your favourite subject?你最喜欢哪个科目？
  • I wanted to change the subject.我想换个话题。
0 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是，在
参考例句：
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
0 whom CghwM     
pron.谁（who的宾格）
参考例句：
  • That is the man whom I met in Beijing last year.他就是我去年在北京碰见的那个人。
  • He married a wife by whom he had two daughters.他娶了妻子并跟她生了两个女儿。