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万物简史 第195期:威力巨大的原子(09)

时间:2017-01-16 05:49:22

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(单词翻译)

   Physically1 he was big and booming, with a voice that made the timid shrink. Once when told that Rutherford was about to make a radio broadcast across the Atlantic, a colleague drily asked: "Why use radio?" He also had a huge amount of good-natured confidence. When someone remarked to him that he seemed always to be at the crest2 of a wave, he responded, "Well, after all, I made the wave, didn't I?" C. P. Snow recalled how once in a Cambridge tailor's he overheard Rutherford remark: "Every day I grow in girth. And in mentality3."

  就身体而言,他块儿很大,体格壮实,说话声音能把胆小的人吓一大跳。有一次,一位同事获悉卢瑟福就要向大西洋彼岸发表广播演说,便冷冷地问:“干吗要用广播?”他还非常自信,心态不错。当有人对他说,他好像总是生活在浪尖上,他回答说:“哎呀,这个浪头毕竟是我制造的,难道不是吗?”C.P.斯诺回忆说,有一次他在剑桥的一家裁缝店里偷听到卢瑟福在说:“我的腰围日渐变粗,同时,知识日渐增加。”
  原子结构
  But both girth and fame were far ahead of him in 1895 when he fetched up at the Cavendish. 1 It was a singularly eventful period in science. In the year of his arrival in Cambridge, Wilhelm Roentgen discovered X rays at the University of Würzburg in Germany, and the next year Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity. And the Cavendish itself was about to embark4 on a long period of greatness. In 1897, J. J. Thomson and colleagues would discover the electron there, in 1911 C. T. R. Wilson would produce the first particle detector5 there (as we shall see), and in 1932 James Chadwick would discover the neutron6 there. Further still in the future, James Watson and Francis Crick would discover the structure of DNA7 at the Cavendish in 1953.
  但是,1895年他来到了卡文迪许实验室。在遥远的将来,他的腰围会变得更粗,名声会变得更响。卢瑟福抵达剑桥大学的那一年,威廉·伦琴在德国的维尔茨堡大学发现了X射线;次年,亨利·贝克勒尔发现了放射现象。卡文迪许实验室本身就要踏上一条漫长的辉煌之路。1897年,J.J.汤普森和他的同事将在那里发现电子;1911年,C.T.R.威尔逊将在那里制造出第一台粒子探测器(我们将会谈到);1932年,詹姆斯·查德威克将在那里发现中子。在更远的将来,1953年,詹姆斯·沃森和弗朗西斯·克里克将在卡文迪许实验室发现DNA结构。

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1 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
2 crest raqyA     
n.顶点;饰章;羽冠;vt.达到顶点;vi.形成浪尖
参考例句:
  • The rooster bristled his crest.公鸡竖起了鸡冠。
  • He reached the crest of the hill before dawn.他于黎明前到达山顶。
3 mentality PoIzHP     
n.心理,思想,脑力
参考例句:
  • He has many years'experience of the criminal mentality.他研究犯罪心理有多年经验。
  • Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.经营企业所要求具备的心态和上班族的心态截然不同。
4 embark qZKzC     
vi.乘船,着手,从事,上飞机
参考例句:
  • He is about to embark on a new business venture.他就要开始新的商业冒险活动。
  • Many people embark for Europe at New York harbor.许多人在纽约港乘船去欧洲。
5 detector svnxk     
n.发觉者,探测器
参考例句:
  • The detector is housed in a streamlined cylindrical container.探测器安装在流线型圆柱形容器内。
  • Please walk through the metal detector.请走过金属检测器。
6 neutron neutron     
n.中子
参考例句:
  • Neutron is neutral and slightly heavier than the proton.中子是中性的,比质子略重。
  • Based on the neutron energy,the value of weighting factor was given.根据中子能量给出了相应的辐射权重因子的数值。
7 DNA 4u3z1l     
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句:
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

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