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(单词翻译)
Let us pause for a moment and consider the structure of the atom as we know it now. Every atom is made from three kinds of elementary particles: protons, which have a positive electrical charge; electrons, which have a negative electrical charge; and neutrons2, which have no charge. Protons and neutrons are packed into the nucleus3, while electrons spin around outside. The number of protons is what gives an atom its chemical identity. An atom with one proton is an atom of hydrogen, one with two protons is helium, with three protons is lithium, and so on up the scale. Each time you add a proton you get a new element. (Because the number of protons in an atom is always balanced by an equal number of electrons, you will sometimes see it written that it is the number of electrons that defines an element; it comes to the same thing. The way it was explained to me is that protons give an atom its identity, electrons its personality.)
1 neutron | |
n.中子 | |
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2 neutrons | |
n.中子( neutron的名词复数 ) | |
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3 nucleus | |
n.核,核心,原子核 | |
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4 isotope | |
n.同位素 | |
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