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万物简史 第202期:威力巨大的原子(16)

时间：2017-02-03 00:19:50

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（单词翻译）

 　　It was while puzzling over this problem that Bohr was struck by a solution and dashed off his famous paper. Called "On the Constitutions of Atoms and Molecules," the paper explained how electrons could keep from falling into the nucleus1 by suggesting that they could occupy only certain well-defined orbits. According to the new theory, an electron moving between orbits would disappear from one and reappear instantaneously in another without visiting the space between.

　　就是在思索这个问题的时候，玻尔突然想到一个答案，迅速写出了他的著名论文。论文的题目为《论原子和分子的构造》，认为电子只能留在某些明确界定的轨道上，不会坠入原子核。根据这种新的理论，在两个轨道之间运行的电子会在一个轨道消失，立即在另一轨道出现，而又不通过中间的空间。
　　原子
　　This idea—the famous "quantum leap"—is of course utterly2 strange, but it was too good not to be true. It not only kept electrons from spiraling catastrophically into the nucleus; it also explained hydrogen's bewildering wavelengths3. The electrons only appeared in certain orbits because they only existed in certain orbits. It was a dazzling insight, and it won Bohr the 1922 Nobel Prize in physics, the year after Einstein received his.
　　这种见解——即著名的“量子跃迁”——当然是极其奇特的，而又实在太棒，不能不信。它不但说明了电子不会灾难性地盘旋着飞进原子核，而且解释了氢的令人费解的波长。电子只出现在某些轨道，因为它们只存在于某些轨道。这是个了不起的见解，玻尔因此获得了1922年——即爱因斯坦获得该奖的第二年——的诺贝尔物理学奖。

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1 nucleus avSyg     
n.核，核心，原子核
参考例句：
  • These young people formed the nucleus of the club.这些年轻人成了俱乐部的核心。
  • These councils would form the nucleus of a future regime.这些委员会将成为一个未来政权的核心。
2 utterly ZfpzM1     
adv.完全地，绝对地
参考例句：
  • Utterly devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民，把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
  • I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.她的微笑使我完全陶醉了。
3 wavelengths 55c7c1db2849f4af018e7824d42c3ff2     
n.波长( wavelength的名词复数 )；具有相同的/不同的思路；合拍；不合拍
参考例句：
  • I find him difficult to talk to—we're on completely different wavelengths. 我没法和他谈话，因为我们俩完全不对路。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Sunlight consists of different wavelengths of radiation. 阳光由几种不同波长的射线组成。 来自辞典例句

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