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科学美国人60秒 SSS Solar Eclipse in 1097 May Be Rock Carving Subject

时间:2017-08-21 09:26:27

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(单词翻译)

Solar Eclipse in 1097 May Be Rock Carving1 Subject

古代雕刻记载天文景观

More than 900 years ago, the Pueblo2 people were thriving in New Mexico’s Chaco Canyon3. While they were there, the region experienced what the whole country is looking forward to on August 21st: a total solar eclipse. Theirs took place in the year 1097—and they may have left a record of the event.

900多年前,普韦布洛人在新墨西哥州的查科峡谷中繁衍生息。彼时,他们生活的地区发生了令整个国家都翘首以待的8月21日日全食。那次现象发生在1097年——当时的人可能对其作了记载。

\“I spotted4 this very peculiar5 petroglyph, which was a round object.”

“我发现了这个圆形的非常奇特的岩石雕刻。”

Kim Malville is a retired6 Solar Astronomer7 from the University of Colorado Boulder8. In 1992, he and colleagues were leading a field course in Chaco Canyon when he noticed a unique carving on the south side of a rock.

金·马尔维尔是来自科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的一位退休的太阳天文学家。1992年,他和他的同事们在查科峡谷地区领导了一场实地研究,当时他在一块岩石的南面发现了一个独特的雕刻。

“…which was a round object with loops coming out of it, and it struck me as maybe this was an image of the sun with the corona9 in a very active state. And maybe at that time, there is what is known as a coronal mass ejection.”

“……那是一个圆形物体,上面刻有圆环图案。它让我感到震惊,我想这刻画的可能是太阳日冕处于一种非常活跃状态时的画像,也许当时发生了日冕物质抛射。”

That’s when a giant cloud of plasma10 spirals off the sun’s surface because of a solar flare11. “It was somewhat foolhardy I suppose, on our part to suggest a particular explanation for it.” But Malville knew that he had a testable hypothesis.

日冕物质抛射是太阳耀斑导致一团巨大的等离子云从太阳表面盘旋开来的现象。“我想它可能是一种比较粗糙的诠释,用我们的方式对其进行了一种独特的解释。”不过,马尔维尔一知道一个可测试的假设。

Astronomers12 knew that the region had a total solar eclipse on July 11, 1097. During the brief darkness, the sun’s corona would have been visible. Solar activity increases and decreases on a roughly 11-year cycle, so Malville used various historic records to find out what was happening in 1097.

天文学家知道该地区在1097年7月11日发生过一次日全食。在那段短暂的黑暗期间,太阳的日冕是可见的。太阳活动约以11年为周期,时烈时弱,因此,马尔维尔利用各种历史记录来查明1097年到底发生了什么。

“And all of these indicated that in 1097, the sun was indeed in a state of very high activity and thus, we couldn’t prove that this was actually an image of the corona, but we could not falsify our hypothesis.”

“所有这些都表明,在1097年,太阳确实处于非常强烈的活动状态,因此,我们无法证明它确实就是日冕的图像,但我们不能歪曲自己的假设。”

In another portion of Chaco Canyon, a pictograph high on an overhang has been interpreted as marking a supernova explosion in 1054. Below that, a pictograph may mark the sighting of Hailey’s Comet in 1066.

在查科峡谷的另一段,某悬崖高处的一幅古代石壁画被解读为标记1054年发生的超新星爆炸事件。其下方的一幅古代石壁画则可能标记的是1066年出现海雷彗星的景象。

“And all three of them may have played a role in intensifying13 people’s interest in the heavens and looking at the heavens very carefully.”

“这三幅壁画可能在强化人们对天堂的兴趣方面发挥着一定的作用,也表明当时人们非常仔细地观察着天空。”

Which is exactly what millions of current residents will be doing during this summer’s solar eclipse over North America.

这正是今年夏天北美洲日食期间,数以百万计的居民会做的事。


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1 carving 5wezxw     
n.雕刻品,雕花
参考例句:
  • All the furniture in the room had much carving.房间里所有的家具上都有许多雕刻。
  • He acquired the craft of wood carving in his native town.他在老家学会了木雕手艺。
2 pueblo DkwziG     
n.(美国西南部或墨西哥等)印第安人的村庄
参考例句:
  • For over 2,000 years,Pueblo peoples occupied a vast region of the south-western United States.在长达2,000多年的时间里,印第安人统治着现在美国西南部的大片土地。
  • The cross memorializes the Spanish victims of the 1680 revolt,when the region's Pueblo Indians rose up in violent protest against their mistreatment and burned the cit
3 canyon 4TYya     
n.峡谷,溪谷
参考例句:
  • The Grand Canyon in the USA is 1900 metres deep.美国的大峡谷1900米深。
  • The canyon is famous for producing echoes.这个峡谷以回声而闻名。
4 spotted 7FEyj     
adj.有斑点的,斑纹的,弄污了的
参考例句:
  • The milkman selected the spotted cows,from among a herd of two hundred.牛奶商从一群200头牛中选出有斑点的牛。
  • Sam's shop stocks short spotted socks.山姆的商店屯积了有斑点的短袜。
5 peculiar cinyo     
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的
参考例句:
  • He walks in a peculiar fashion.他走路的样子很奇特。
  • He looked at me with a very peculiar expression.他用一种很奇怪的表情看着我。
6 retired Njhzyv     
adj.隐退的,退休的,退役的
参考例句:
  • The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
  • Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。
7 astronomer DOEyh     
n.天文学家
参考例句:
  • A new star attracted the notice of the astronomer.新发现的一颗星引起了那位天文学家的注意。
  • He is reputed to have been a good astronomer.他以一个优秀的天文学者闻名于世。
8 boulder BNbzS     
n.巨砾;卵石,圆石
参考例句:
  • We all heaved together and removed the boulder.大家一齐用劲,把大石头搬开了。
  • He stepped clear of the boulder.他从大石头后面走了出来。
9 corona jY4z4     
n.日冕
参考例句:
  • The corona gains and loses energy continuously.日冕总是不断地获得能量和损失能量。
  • The corona is a brilliant,pearly white,filmy light,about as bright as the full moon.光环带是一种灿烂的珠白色朦胧光,几乎像满月一样明亮。
10 plasma z2xzC     
n.血浆,细胞质,乳清
参考例句:
  • Keep some blood plasma back for the serious cases.留一些血浆给重病号。
  • The plasma is the liquid portion of blood that is free of cells .血浆是血液的液体部分,不包含各种细胞。
11 flare LgQz9     
v.闪耀,闪烁;n.潮红;突发
参考例句:
  • The match gave a flare.火柴发出闪光。
  • You need not flare up merely because I mentioned your work.你大可不必因为我提到你的工作就动怒。
12 astronomers 569155f16962e086bd7de77deceefcbd     
n.天文学者,天文学家( astronomer的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Astronomers can accurately foretell the date,time,and length of future eclipses. 天文学家能精确地预告未来日食月食的日期、时刻和时长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Astronomers used to ask why only Saturn has rings. 天文学家们过去一直感到奇怪,为什么只有土星有光环。 来自《简明英汉词典》
13 intensifying 6af105724a108def30288b810d78b276     
v.(使)增强, (使)加剧( intensify的现在分词 );增辉
参考例句:
  • The allies are intensifying their air campaign. 联军部队正加大他们的空战强度。 来自辞典例句
  • The rest of the European powers were in a state of intensifying congestion. 其余的欧洲强国则处于越来越拥挤的状态。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史

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