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CRI实用英语课堂 Unit 18 Happy Thanksgiving 温馨感恩节

时间:2007-11-06 06:41:49

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(单词翻译)

Part 1 The History of Thanksgiving in the USA  感恩节的来历 

    The Thanksgiving holiday celebrated1 each November in the United States is known worldwide as an American custom. And Thanksgiving and gratitude2 have marked important milestones3 in American life for hundreds of years.

    The first Americans observed rituals and ceremonies to express gratitude to a higher power for life itself. A Seneca Indian ritual, for example, states, "Our Creator ... Shall continue to dwell above the sky, and this is where those on the earth will end their thanksgiving." Another quotation4 attributed to American Indians before Columbus is, "The plant has its nourishment5 from the earth and its limbs go up this way, in praise of its Maker6 ... like the limbs of a tree."

    The Pilgrims' First Harvest Feast

    The Pilgrims who sailed to this country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the English Separatist Church (a Puritan sect). They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religious persecution7. There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance8, but they eventually became disenchanted with the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly. Seeking a better life, the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to finance a pilgrimage to America. Most of those making the trip aboard the Mayflower were non-Separatists, but were hired to protect the company's interests. Only about one-third of the original colonists9 were Separatists.

    The Pilgrims set ground at Plymouth Rock on December 11, 1620. Their first winter was devastating10. At the beginning of the following fall, they had lost 46 of the original 102 who sailed on the Mayflower. But the harvest of 1621 was a bountiful one. And the remaining colonists decided11 to celebrate with a feast -- including 91 Indians who had helped the Pilgrims survive their first year. The Pilgrims did have a feast in 1621 near Plymouth, Massachusetts, after their first harvest. This is the feast people often refer to as "The First Thanksgiving." This feast was never repeated, so it can't be called the start of a tradition, nor did the colonists or Pilgrims call it a Thanksgiving Feast. In fact, to these devoutly12 religious people, a day of thanksgiving was a day of prayer and fasting.

    Nevertheless, the 1621 feast has become a model for the Thanksgiving celebration in the United States. More than likely, this first harvest feast was eaten outside, based on the fact that the colonists didn't have a building large enough to accommodate all the people who came. Native Americans definitely were among the invited guests, and it's possible, even probable, that turkey, roasted but not stuffed, and pumpkin13 in some form found their way to the table. The feast went on for three days, included 90 "Indians," as Native Americans were called then, and had plentiful14 food. In addition to the venison provided by the Native Americans, there was enough wild fowl15 to supply the village for a week. The fowl included ducks, geese, turkeys and even swans.

    New World With Many Cultural Influences

    In addition to thanksgiving traditions brought to North America by settlers from many parts of the world, some authorities link the American thanksgiving with the ancient Jewish observance of Sukkot in the fall, which expresses thanks to God for the bounty16 of the earth.

    Indeed, all the major world religions—including Hinduism, Buddhism17, Judaism, Christianity and Islam—have rituals, observances and liturgies18 that express thanks and gratitude to a higher power for the gift of life and its wonders. Regardless of the origin of the American Thanksgiving holiday, the following brief timeline shows its development.

    Timeline of American Thanksgiving Holiday

    In 1541, during Coronado's expedition a Eucharistic thanksgiving, with the friendly Teya Indians present, occurred in Palo Duro Canyon19 in West Texas.

    Pilgrims and Native Americans enjoyed a harvest feast in Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1621. This feast may have become the model for today's American celebration.

    Settlers and colonists from many continents brought customs of days of prayer and thanksgiving, especially in New England, where the first Thanksgiving of the Massachusetts Bay Colony was observed on July 8, 1630.

    The first Thanksgiving of the new United States of America occurred in 1777 when General George Washington and his army, as instructed by the Continental20 Congress, stopped in bitter weather in the open fields on their way to Valley Forge to mark the occasion.

    Washington's first proclamation after his inauguration21 as the nation's first president in 1789 declared November 26, 1789, as a national day of "thanksgiving and prayer." And the annual presidential thanksgiving proclamations ceased for 45 years in the early 1800s.

    President Abraham Lincoln resumed the tradition in 1863.

    On November 26, 1941 President Roosevelt signed the bill establishing the fourth Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day. Because two years out of every seven have five Thursdays in November, some states for the next 15 years celebrated on their own on the last Thursday. Since 1956, the fourth Thursday in November has been observed by every state.

    In 1976, the 200th birthday year of America, the Chapel22 of Thanksgiving was consecrated23. President Ford24 referred to it as "a major national shrine," and later President George Bush noted25 that it is "a symbol and a home for America's most beloved tradition."

    The National Thanksgiving Commission was inaugurated at Valley Forge in 1977, where 200 years earlier General George Washington celebrated the first national Thanksgiving with his troops. Former President Ford became the Commission's honorary president, and Lady Bird Johnson, the former First Lady, became honorary vice26 president. Former Ambassador Armstrong is president of the commission.

    Former Ambassador to Britain and Cabinet member Anne Armstrong asked President Ronald Reagan in 1981 to place the National Day of Prayer on its original spring date, which had been neglected for nearly two centuries.

    The first Thursday in May has been the official day ever since, reviving the ancient "spring prayer and fall Thanksgiving" cycle of the Continental Congress. Congress unanimously confirmed the historic date in 1988.

    Since 1981, a National Day of Prayer breakfast has been held in Dallas each May under the auspices27 of the National Thanksgiving Commission and Thanks-Giving Square.

    The Wall of Presidents at Thanks-Giving Square

    The Wall of Presidents at Thanks-Giving Square honors words expressed about Thanksgiving by American presidents over the past two centuries. Set in a grove28 of sweet gum trees in the Meditation29 Garden at Thanks-Giving Square, the Wall of Presidents was dedicated30 in November 1991 by President George Bush. The wall features quotes from Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Bush.

    In dedicating the wall President Bush declared, "The Home of American Thanksgiving is dedicated in the name of presidents past, present and future." The dove that serves as the centerpiece of the exhibit was personally designed by George Washington and patterned after Noah's Dove of Thanksgiving. Washington used the dove design in the weathervane placed on the roof of his beloved home, Mount Vernon.

    感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史的发端。1620年,著名的“五月花”号船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教迫害的清教徒102人到达美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天,他们遇到了难以想象的困难,处在饥寒交迫之中,冬天过去时,活下来的移民只有50来人。这时,心地善良的印第安人给移民送来了生活必需品,还特地派人教他们怎样狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的帮助下,移民们终于获得了丰收,在欢庆丰收的日子,按照宗教传统习俗,移民规定了感谢上帝的日子,并决定为感谢印第安人的真诚帮助,邀请他们一同庆祝节日。

    在第一个感恩节的这一天,印第安人和移民欢聚一堂,他们在黎明时鸣放礼炮,列队走进一间用作教堂的屋子,虔诚地向上帝表达谢意,然后点起篝火举行盛大宴会。第二天和第三天又举行了摔交、赛跑、唱歌、跳舞等活动。第一个感恩节非常成功。其中许多庆祝方式流传了300多年,一直保留到今天。

    初时感恩节没有固定日期,由各州临时决定,直到美国独立后,感恩节才成为全国性的节日。 1863年,美国总统林肯正式宣布感恩节为国定假日。届时,家家团聚,举国同庆,其盛大、热烈的情形,不亚于中国人过春节。

Part 2 Thanksgiving Celebrations 庆祝感恩节 

    In 1621, after a hard and devastating first year in the New World the Pilgrim's fall harvest was very successful and plentiful. There was corn, fruits, vegetables, along with fish which was packed in salt, and meat that was smoke cured over fires. They found they had enough food to put away for the winter. The custom of an annually31 celebrated thanksgiving, held after the harvest, continued through the years.

    Many Americans think of Thanksgiving as a wonderful time to celebrate getting out of school for a long weekend, and eating a great dinner. Or, maybe they think it is the start of the Christmas holiday season.

    Harvest festivals and thanksgiving celebrations were also held by the ancient Greeks, the Romans, tthe Chinese, and the Egyptians.

    The Greeks

    The ancient Greeks worshipped many gods and goddesses. Their goddess of corn (actually all grains) was Demeter who was honored at the festival of Thesmosphoria held each autumn.

    On the first day of the festival married women (possibility connecting childbearing and the raising of crops) would build leafy shelters and furnish them with couches made with plants. On the second day they fasted. On the third day a feast was held and offerings to the goddess Demeter were made - gifts of seed corn, cakes, fruit, and pigs. It was hoped that Demeter's gratitude would grant them a good harvest.

    The Romans

    The Romans also celebrated a harvest festival called Cerelia, which honored Ceres their goddess of corn ,from which the word cereal comes. The festival was held each year on October 4th and offerings of the first fruits of the harvest and pigs were offered to Ceres. Their celebration included music, parades, games and sports and a thanksgiving feast.

    The Chinese

    The ancient Chinese celebrated their harvest festival, Chung Ch'ui, with the full moon that fell on the 15th day of the 8th month. This day was considered the birthday of the moon and special "moon cakes", round and yellow like the moon, would be baked. Each cake was stamped with the picture of a rabbit - as it was a rabbit, not a man, which the Chinese saw on the face of the moon.

    The families ate a thanksgiving meal and feasted on roasted pig, harvested fruits and the "moon cakes". It was believed that during the 3 day festival flowers would fall from the moon and those who saw them would be rewarded with good fortune.

    The Egyptians

    The ancient Egyptians celebrated their harvest festival in honor of Min, their god of vegetation and fertility. The festival was held in the springtime, the Egyptian's harvest season.

    Canada

    Thanksgiving in Canada is celebrated on the second Monday in October. Observance of the day began in 1879.

    每逢感恩节这一天,美国举国上下热闹非常。城乡市镇到处举行化装游行、戏剧表演和体育比赛等,学校和商店也都按规定放假体息。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。当天教堂里的人也格外多,按习俗人们在这里都要做感恩祈祷。美国人从小就习惯独立生活,各奔东西。而在感恩节。他们总是力争从天南海北归来,一家人团团围坐在一起,大嚼美味火鸡,畅谈往事,这怎不使人感到分外亲切、温暖。

    感恩节宴会后,人们有时会做些传统游戏,比如南瓜赛跑是比赛者用一把小勺推着南瓜跑,规则是不能用手碰南瓜,先到终点者获胜。比赛用的勺子越小,游戏就越有意思。

    多少年来,庆祝感恩节的习俗代代相传,无论在岩石嶙峋的西海岸还是在风光旖旎的夏威夷,人们几乎在以同样的方式欢度感恩节,感恩节是不论何种信仰、何种民族的美国人都庆祝的传统节日。

    加拿大感恩节与美国不同日,加拿大感恩节是在十月八日。我们在这里介绍了古代希腊、罗马、中国是怎样庆祝感恩节的,大家可以参考上面的英文部分。

Part 3 A Thanksgiving Party  感恩节聚会 

Dialogue Script 1   对话原文 1

Sam: Wow, looks like we made it just in time. It's packed in there.
Jenny: Yeah, people always buy out the stores before the big holidays.
Sam: Here're the turkeys. How big of a bird did you want to get?
Jenny: Well, we've got about ten people coming to dinner. So the bigger, the better.
Sam: All right, this one;s the biggest. Are we ready to check out?
Jenny: Not so fast, big guy. We haven't even started! I need everything on the list.
Sam: Uh, can I wait in the car?
(Hours later)
Sam: Jenny, this is the fifth store we've been to!
Jenny: I know, but I have to get just the right ingredients. Otherwise, things will taste wrong.
Sam: Do you always make such a big deal out of Thanksgiving?
Jenny: No, in fact, this will be my first turkey dinner. But the idea behind the holiday is a good one.
Sam: You mean about the Indians and the Pilgrims helping32 one another?
Jenny: Hah! No, not really. But the whole idea of giving thanks, for the things you have, the people who have helped you...

讲解:

1. 对话中,Jenny 和Sam在为感恩节大餐购物。他们来到了商店之后呢,发现人非常的多。 Sam说looks like we made it just in time. It's packed in there. 这里,make it,表示“赶上”,那么we made it just in time,就是“我们来得正是时候”。make it,还可以表示“做成某事,成功”,例如:Come on, you can make it! 来吧,你一定能成功。

2. packed,这里表示“拥挤的”。动词pack是收拾行李的意思,也就是把东西都挤在箱子里,那packed 表示“拥挤的”就很形象。每逢有重大的节日,人们都会买很多过节用的东西,包括食品,服装等等,很多商店都被抢购一空。Jenny说people always buy out the stores before the big holidays. 这里buy out就是把商店的东西买光,抢购一空的意思。big holidays,就是像Thanksgiving, Christmas这样全国性的重大节日。

3. Sam和Jenny想买一只火鸡,也就是turkey,想要多大的火鸡呢?How big of a bird did you want to get? bird,这里指“家禽”,尤指鸡或火鸡,用作食物,例如:Put the bird in the oven. 把鸡放到烤箱里。bird作为俚语还指“人”,尤指奇怪或非凡的人物,比如说,He is a sly old bird. 他是个老滑头。关于bird还有一个成语,就是Kill 2 birds with one stone,一举两得,一箭双雕。

4. Jenny说因为差不多有10个人来吃饭,所以火鸡越大越好,So the bigger, the better. 两个形容词的比较级形式放在一起来用,表示“越…,就越…”,但是不要忘了在比较级形式前加上定冠词the,例如:The more, the better. 越多越好,多多益善。The more you speak, the more mistakes you'll make. 说的越多,错的越多。

5. Sam挑了一只最大的火鸡,问Jenny现在可不可以去结账了。在商店里结账,用check out。Jenny说还差得远呢,东西还没有买全。big guy,这里是指Sam。Sam耐烦了,说Can I wait in the car?我能在车里等吗?看来Jenny也是一个购物狂啊。

6. 是呀,转眼几个小时过去了,他们已经来到了第五家商店,this is the fifth store we've been to! 看来Sam已经累的不行了。但是Jenny坚持说,I have to get just the right ingredients. Otherwise, things will taste wrong. 我一定要买到正确的材料,要不然,做出来的东西味道就不对了。

7.  ingredient,(烹调的)配料。taste这个词可以当系动词用,表示“尝起来…味道….”,例如:It tastes good/ bad. 味道很好/不好。还可以跟like连用,表示“尝起来有…的味道”,It tastes like soap.吃起来味道跟肥皂一样。smell这个词也可以这样用,例如:It smells good/bad.好闻。/不好闻。

8. Sam问Do you always make such a big deal out of Thanksgiving? 你总是为感恩节这样大费周张吗?make a big deal out of something,小题大作。big deal在口语中表示“重要的事情”。比如说:It's no big deal. 这没有什么大不了的。

9. Jenny说实际上这是她做的第一顿感恩节大餐,这里的turkey dinner就是指“感恩节大餐”,因为turkey是感恩节菜谱中的主菜。But the idea behind the holiday is a good one. 但是节日背后的概念不错。那这个idea是指什么呢?

10. Jenny解释说the whole idea of giving thanks, for the things you have, the people who have helped you...这个概念就是为你所拥有的东西表示感谢,向那些帮助过你的人表达谢意。

Dialogue Script 2   对话原文 2

Sam: Out of bed, sleepyhead. We need to go get a good spot.
Ann: Wha-what? The sun's not even up yet!
Sam: We're going to the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade! To see all the floats and balloons.
Ann: Can't we just watch it on TV?
Sam: Nope. I promised Jenny we'd go so she can finish cooking.
Ann: OK, I'm coming already! God, this is like getting up for Confucius'  Birthday Ceremony!
(During the parade)
Ann: What a prime spot! I've never seen balloons this big!
Sam: This parade is about eighty years old. It's a New York tradition.
Ann: Is that Santa Claus on that float? Isn't Christmas still a month away?
Sam: Hah, yeah, that's true. But, Macy's is a department store, so they want to get you thinking of Christmas early.
Ann: So you'll shop? That's crazy!
Sam: Yeah, and remember Jenny's dad? He's probably already got his Christmas lights up!
Ann: Speaking of Jenny, shouldn't we head back to help?

讲解:

1. 对话中Sam要带Ann去看梅西百货感恩节游行,也就是the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade。梅西百货是美国最大的百货公司,它在感恩节当天举行的大游行,已经成了美国人过感恩节的传统节目之一,有数以万计的人会一大清早,甚至带着睡袋彻夜在路旁等候,就是为了抢一个好位子。get a good spot,就是“占一个好位子”。

2. 嗯,这也就是为什么Ann觉得像参加祭孔大典了,this is like getting up for Confucius' Birthday Ceremony! Confucius就是孔子。如果感恩节当天没去现场看梅西百货游行的人,也会习惯一早打开电视,看电视的现场直播。

3. 1927年,当时纽约梅西百货公司的员工发起了在感恩节当天以化妆游行的方式来庆祝,多年下来就成了传统,甚至后来还加入了超大型的气球玩偶,成了梅西百货感恩节游行的一大特色。时至今日,每到感恩节的早上,从纽约中央公园西侧的77街到梅西百货所在的34街沿路都挤满了来自各地的游客,观看各式各样有几层楼高的大型气球人偶游行。float,这里是指“游行的花车”。

4. Ann还没有睡醒,想在家收看电视直播,Sam不同意,他说Nope. I promised Jenny we'd go so she can finish cooking. 不行,我答应过Jenny我们会去,好让她做完感恩节大餐。Nope.用在口语中,跟no是一样的,表示“不,否定的答复”。那么yep就跟yes一样,用在口语中,表示“是,肯定的答复”。finish doing something,做完某事。

6. Ann没有办法,只好说I'm coming already! 就是“我来了”。如果有人催你快点来,你也正在动身了,这个已经从起点出发而尚未到达终点的过程,我们就可以说I'm coming already!同时,这句话还带点不耐烦的感觉。例如: ---What's taking you so long? --- I'm coming already! ---你在干什么?还不来? ---来了来了!

7. 当然,如果你正准备动身离开,也可以说成I'm leaving already. 例如:--- I need you to go home right now!--- OK, OK, I'm leaving already. ---你现在就回家。---好了好了,我这就走。现在Sam和Ann来到了游行的现场,Ann很兴奋,她说What a prime spot! I've never seen balloons this big! 真是个好位置!我从来没见过这么大的气球!prime表示“极好的;第一流的”。

8. Ann突然发现了在一架花车上有圣诞老人的人偶,很奇怪,因为离圣诞节还有一个月呢。Isn't Christmas still a month away? 这虽然是一个问句,但是并不要求别人来回答,有强调的意味,比如说,Isn't it beautiful? 很漂亮,是不是?其实也就是“太漂亮了”的意思。

9. Sam解释说,虽然离圣诞节还有一个月,但是梅西百货已经开始做广告了,让人们早点想到圣诞节。get someone/something doing 让某人某物开始做某事,例如:Get your imagination going! 开动你的想象力!

10. 这样人们就会很快开始为圣诞节购物了,这也是商家一种很有效的宣传方式。这让Sam想起了Jenny的爸爸,也许他已经在挂他的圣诞节彩灯了。说到Jenny,Ann想起也许他们应该赶回去帮Jenny准备感恩节大餐了。speaking of,说到,谈起。head back,回去,相当于go back。

Dialogue Script 3   对话原文 3

Jenny: The turkey's stuffed and has been cooking for about three hours.
Sam: OK, and that's asparagus and that's cranberry33 sauce, but what's that?
Jenny: Candied yams. With lots of butter and brown sugar and marshmallows on top.
Sam: Wow, you made a ham, too? Why is it covered with pineapple slices?
Jenny: That's decoration. It's a honey ham with a sweet glaze35. Those whole cloves37 are keeping the pineapples on the ham.
Sam: It all looks delicious, Jenny. What can I do to help?
Jenny: Finish the deviled eggs. Then baste38 the turkey!
(An hour later, as people begin to arrive)
Jenny: Help yourselves to the spinach39 dip and other appetizers40. We can eat in about thirty minutes.
Sam: Can we put the rolls on now?
Jenny: Sure can. And it's time to get dad to come carve the turkey for us.
Sam: I'll finish whipping the mashed41 potatoes!
Jenny: We can set the table, too. I just wish we had good china to serve on.
Sam: Don't worry. No one came here for the fancy dishes!

讲解:

1. Jenny在厨房里忙的热火朝天,Sam进来帮她的忙。火鸡已经填好了作料,而且已经烤了3个小时了。stuff做动词表示“填充,装满”,例如:His head is stuffed with silly notions. 他满脑子的愚蠢想法。那么在烤火鸡时塞在火鸡肚子里的面包、蔬菜等“填料”就叫stuffing。

2. cranberry sauce是感恩节餐桌上必不可少的食物,美国每年9、10月份盛产小红梅,所以小红梅酱也成了感恩节大餐中的一个配角,但它可不是当果酱来吃,而是用来蘸食火鸡或其他肉类的。还有一种酱汁是gravy42,虽然美国人不爱吃动物内脏,但是处理火鸡的时候,会把火鸡的内脏切碎,混入烤火鸡时滴下的鸡汁和油,在加上奶油、胡椒、芹菜等作料做成肉汁。gravy可以在烤火鸡时涂在上面,也放在餐桌上,蘸火鸡肉来吃。

3. 还有candied yams,蜜番薯,上面盖满了奶油、红糖和软糖。pumpkin pie,南瓜派,也是感恩节大餐的必备甜品。Jenny还做了蜜汁火腿,honey ham with a sweet glaze,并且加上了糖汁,用菠萝片把火腿包起来做装饰。

4.  clove36,丁香,一头圆,一头尖,做蜜汁火腿时,会用尖的那头插进还没有切开的火腿肉内,而圆的那头露在外面,可以支撑贴在火腿上的一片片菠萝。看起来真的是很美味呀。Sam问有什么能帮忙的,Jenny说先把芥末蛋弄完,芥末蛋就是deviled eggs。然后再把火鸡涂上肉汁,baste the turkey,baste,就是在烤肉或烤鱼时为防止烤干而在上面涂抹由油脂、料汁等制成的肉汁。

5. 一个小时之后,客人们来到了Jenny家,Jenny招呼大家说Help yourselves to the spinach dip and other appetizers. 大家不要客气,自己来拿菠菜蘸酱和其他开胃菜。help oneself to something,随便吃某种食物。spinach dip,菠菜蘸酱。appetizer,是开胃菜,通常饭前食用来刺激食欲的食物或饮料。

6. 三十分钟内就能开饭了。Can we put the rolls on now? 就是“我们现在可以上面包卷了吗?”。Jenny说也该叫爸爸来为大家切火鸡了。传统上,在烤好的火鸡上动第一刀的人,都是一家之主,尤其是男主人。

7. 这里还要给大家介绍一个吃火鸡的传统,就是在切开火鸡之后,鸡胸的部分会有一个叉骨,两个人可以先许愿,然后分别拿着叉骨的一端一起折断,传说中谁手上剩的骨头比较大,谁的愿望就可以实现,所以这块骨头叫做“许愿骨”,也就是wishbone,那折许愿骨的赢家,就是wishbone pull winner。

8. 听起来很有意思。Sam的土豆泥也快搅好了,whip,指“搅打鸡蛋,奶油等”。set the table,把餐具等摆上饭桌。那吃过饭后收拾桌子就是clear the table。

9. Jenny非常希望能有好的瓷器可以端上去,Sam安慰她说No one came here for the fancy dishes! 没有关系,没有人是为了精致的餐具而来的,而是为了美味的感恩节大餐。在这里还要说一下,大部分的美国家庭是在下午吃感恩节大餐,而不是晚上。这样的话午餐、晚餐就都省了,晚上肚子饿的时候,再吃大餐的剩菜,或者用剩下的肉做成火鸡三明治。

10. 看来每年感恩节的时候呢都会有数百万的火鸡被杀,为了纪念这些火鸡的牺牲,白宫每年感恩节都会特赦一只火鸡,让它安养到老,也是一个很有意思的传统。

Part 4 Some Recipes for Thanksgiving Dinner 感恩节菜谱 

现在给大家介绍一种小红梅酱的做法。

Killer43 Cranberry Sauce

1-1/2 C sugar
1 navel orange
1/2 t grated ginger44
4 C cranberries45
1/2 C (2 oz.) toasted pecans
Grate the orange peel and add to a pot with the sugar and ginger.
Add the juice from the orange into the pot and simmer over medium heat until the sugar is dissolved.
Add cranberries and cook until they pop - about 5 minutes.
Add pecans and cool sauce.

How to Cook A Turkey

    This turkey is work... it requires more attention than an average six-month-old baby. There are no shortcuts46, as you will see.

    Get a HUGE turkey-- I don't mean just a big, big bird, but one that looks as though it gave the farmer a hard time when he did it in. It ought to weigh between 16 and 30 pounds. Have the poultryman, or butcher, cut its head off at the end of the neck, peel back the skin, and remove the neck close to the body, leaving the tube. You will want this for stuffing. Also , he should leave all the fat on the bird.

    When you are ready to cook your bird, rub it inside and out with salt and pepper. Give it a friendly pat and set it aside. Chop the heart, gizzard, and liver and put them, with the neck, into a stewpan with a clove of garlic, a large bay leaf, 1/2 tsp coriander, and some salt. I don't know how much salt-- whatever you think. Cover this with about 5 cups of water and put on the stove to simmer. This will be the basting48 fluid a little later.

    About this time I generally have my first drink of the day, usually a RAMOS FIZZ. I concoct49 it by taking the whites of four eggs, an equal amount of whipping cream, juice of half a lemon (less 1 tsp.), 1/2 tsp. confectioner's sugar, an appropriate amount of gin, and blending with a few ice cubes. Pour about two tablespoons of club soda50 in a chimney glass, add the mix, with ice cubes if you prefer. Save your egg yolks, plus 1 tsp. of lemon -- you'll need them later. Have a good sip51! (add 1 dash of Orange Flower Water to the drink, not the egg yolks)

    Get a huge bowl. Throw into it one diced52 apple, one diced orange, a large can of crushed pineapple, the grated rind of a lemon, and three tablespoons of chopped preserved ginger (If you like ginger, double this -REB). Add 2 cans of drained Chinese water chestnuts53. Mix this altogether, and have another sip of your drink. Get a second, somewhat smaller, bowl. Into this, measuring by teaspoons54, put:
2 tsp hot dry mustard
2 tsp caraway seed
2 tsp celery seed
2 tsp poppy seed
1 tsp black pepper
2 1/2 tsp oregano
1/2 tsp mace55
1/2 tsp turmeric
1/2 tsp marjoram
1/2 tsp savory56
3/4 tsp sage57
3/4 tsp thyme
1/4 tsp basil
1/2 tsp chili58 powder
In the same bowl, add:
1 Tbsp poultry47 seasoning59
4 Tbsp parsley
1 Tbsp salt
4 headless crushed cloves
1 well-crushed bay leaf
4 lrg chopped onions
6 good dashes Tabasco
5 crushed garlic cloves
6 lrg chopped celery

    Wipe your brow, refocus your eyes, get yet another drink--and a third bowl. Put in three packages of unseasoned bread crumbs60 (or two loaves of toast or bread crumbs), 3/4 lb. ground veal61, 1/2 lb. ground fresh pork, 1/4 lb. butter, and all the fat you have been able to pull out of the bird.

    About now it seems advisable to switch drinks. Martinis or stingers are recommended (Do this at your own risk - we always did! -REB). Get a fourth bowl, an enormous one. Take a sip for a few minutes, wash your hands, and mix the contents of all the other bowls. Mix it well. Stuff the bird and skewer62 it. Put the leftover63 stuffing into the neck tube.

    Turn your oven to 500 degrees F and get out a fifth small bowl. Make a paste consisting of those four egg yolks and lemon juice left from the Ramos Fizz. Add 1 tsp hot dry mustard, a crushed clove of garlic, 1 Tbl onion juice, and enough flour to make a stiff paste. When the oven is red hot, put the bird in, breast down on the rack. Sip on your drink until the bird has begin to brown all over, then take it out and paint the bird all over with paste. Put it back in and turn the oven down to 350 degrees F. Let the paste set, then pull the bird out and paint again. Keep doing this until the paste is used up.

    Add a quart of cider or white wine to the stuff that's been simmering on the stove, This is your basting fluid. The turkey must be basted64 every 15 minutes. Don't argue. Set your timer and keep it up. (When confronted with the choice "do I baste from the juice under the bird or do I baste with the juice from the pot on the stove?" make certain that the juice under the bird neither dries out and burns, nor becomes so thin that gravy is weak. When you run out of baste, use cheap red wine. This critter makes incredible gravy! -REB)The bird should cook about 12 minutes per pound, basting every 15 minutes.

    As the bird cooks, it will first get a light brown, then a dark brown, then darker and darker. After about 2 hours you will think I'm crazy. The bird will be turning black. (Newcomers to black turkey will think you are demented and drunk on your butt34, which, if you've followed instructions, you are -REB) In fact, by the time it is finished, it will look as though we have ruined it. Take a fork and poke65 at the black cindery66 crust.

    Beneath, the bird will be a gorgeous mahogany, reminding one of those golden-browns found in precious Rembrandts. Stick the fork too deep, and the juice will gush67 to the ceiling. When you take it out, ready to carve it, you will find that you do not need a knife. A load sound will cause the bird to fall apart like the walls of that famed biblical city. The moist flesh will drive you crazy, and the stuffing--well, there is nothing like it on this earth. You will make the gravy just like it as always done, adding the giblets and what is left of the basting fluid.

Part 5 Questions for You to Answer 我问你答

在节目的最后我们为大家准备了一些跟Thanksgiving有关的选择题,有兴趣的朋友可以做一下,我们会在下期节目当中公布正确答案。

1. What year did the Pilgrims have their first Thanksgiving Feast?
a.1619   b. 1620   c. 1621   d. 1935

2. What food was probably NOT on the Pilgrims' Thanksgiving menu?
a. Potatoes   b. Corn   c. Fish   d. Dried Fruit

3. In 1676, a day of thanksgiving was proclaimed to take place during what month?
a. May   b. June   c. October   d. November

4. Which president first established the date of Thanksgiving as a national celebration?
a. Jefferson   b. Adams   c. Lincoln   d. Wilson

5. Canada celebrates Thanksgiving on...
a. 2nd Monday in October   b. 2nd Thursday in November   c. 3rd Thursday in November   d. May 1


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 celebrated iwLzpz     
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的
参考例句:
  • He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
  • The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。
2 gratitude p6wyS     
adj.感激,感谢
参考例句:
  • I have expressed the depth of my gratitude to him.我向他表示了深切的谢意。
  • She could not help her tears of gratitude rolling down her face.她感激的泪珠禁不住沿着面颊流了下来。
3 milestones 9b680059d7f7ea92ea578a9ceeb0f0db     
n.重要事件( milestone的名词复数 );重要阶段;转折点;里程碑
参考例句:
  • Several important milestones in foreign policy have been passed by this Congress and they can be chalked up as major accomplishments. 这次代表大会通过了对外政策中几起划时代的事件,并且它们可作为主要成就记录下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Dale: I really envy your milestones over the last few years, Don. 我真的很羡慕你在过去几年中所建立的丰功伟绩。 来自互联网
4 quotation 7S6xV     
n.引文,引语,语录;报价,牌价,行情
参考例句:
  • He finished his speech with a quotation from Shakespeare.他讲话结束时引用了莎士比亚的语录。
  • The quotation is omitted here.此处引文从略。
5 nourishment Ovvyi     
n.食物,营养品;营养情况
参考例句:
  • Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。
  • He ventured that plants draw part of their nourishment from the air.他大胆提出植物从空气中吸收部分养分的观点。
6 maker DALxN     
n.制造者,制造商
参考例句:
  • He is a trouble maker,You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼,你不要跟他在一起。
  • A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。
7 persecution PAnyA     
n. 迫害,烦扰
参考例句:
  • He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
  • Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。
8 tolerance Lnswz     
n.宽容;容忍,忍受;耐药力;公差
参考例句:
  • Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
  • Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。
9 colonists 4afd0fece453e55f3721623f335e6c6f     
n.殖民地开拓者,移民,殖民地居民( colonist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Colonists from Europe populated many parts of the Americas. 欧洲的殖民者移居到了美洲的许多地方。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Some of the early colonists were cruel to the native population. 有些早期移居殖民地的人对当地居民很残忍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 devastating muOzlG     
adj.毁灭性的,令人震惊的,强有力的
参考例句:
  • It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
  • Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。
11 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
12 devoutly b33f384e23a3148a94d9de5213bd205f     
adv.虔诚地,虔敬地,衷心地
参考例句:
  • She was a devoutly Catholic. 她是一个虔诚地天主教徒。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This was not a boast, but a hope, at once bold and devoutly humble. 这不是夸夸其谈,而是一个即大胆而又诚心、谦虚的希望。 来自辞典例句
13 pumpkin NtKy8     
n.南瓜
参考例句:
  • They ate turkey and pumpkin pie.他们吃了火鸡和南瓜馅饼。
  • It looks like there is a person looking out of the pumpkin!看起来就像南瓜里有人在看着你!
14 plentiful r2izH     
adj.富裕的,丰富的
参考例句:
  • Their family has a plentiful harvest this year.他们家今年又丰收了。
  • Rainfall is plentiful in the area.这个地区雨量充足。
15 fowl fljy6     
n.家禽,鸡,禽肉
参考例句:
  • Fowl is not part of a traditional brunch.禽肉不是传统的早午餐的一部分。
  • Since my heart attack,I've eaten more fish and fowl and less red meat.自从我患了心脏病后,我就多吃鱼肉和禽肉,少吃红色肉类。
16 bounty EtQzZ     
n.慷慨的赠予物,奖金;慷慨,大方;施与
参考例句:
  • He is famous for his bounty to the poor.他因对穷人慷慨相助而出名。
  • We received a bounty from the government.我们收到政府给予的一笔补助金。
17 Buddhism 8SZy6     
n.佛教(教义)
参考例句:
  • Buddhism was introduced into China about 67 AD.佛教是在公元67年左右传入中国的。
  • Many people willingly converted to Buddhism.很多人情愿皈依佛教。
18 liturgies 9c34cb6653964fe18f826fbff8228350     
n.礼拜仪式( liturgy的名词复数 );(英国国教的)祈祷书
参考例句:
  • Politicians recite their liturgies in TV studios. 政客们在电视演播室里朗诵祷文。 来自互联网
  • The Martyrium was a five nave basilica terminatedapse and a and festive liturgies were celebrated. 殉道者大殿是全部五大殿之一,一直通到另一个圆秃型的神殿人员公署。 来自互联网
19 canyon 4TYya     
n.峡谷,溪谷
参考例句:
  • The Grand Canyon in the USA is 1900 metres deep.美国的大峡谷1900米深。
  • The canyon is famous for producing echoes.这个峡谷以回声而闻名。
20 continental Zazyk     
adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的
参考例句:
  • A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
  • The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。
21 inauguration 3cQzR     
n.开幕、就职典礼
参考例句:
  • The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
  • Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。
22 chapel UXNzg     
n.小教堂,殡仪馆
参考例句:
  • The nimble hero,skipped into a chapel that stood near.敏捷的英雄跳进近旁的一座小教堂里。
  • She was on the peak that Sunday afternoon when she played in chapel.那个星期天的下午,她在小教堂的演出,可以说是登峰造极。
23 consecrated consecrated     
adj.神圣的,被视为神圣的v.把…奉为神圣,给…祝圣( consecrate的过去式和过去分词 );奉献
参考例句:
  • The church was consecrated in 1853. 这座教堂于1853年祝圣。
  • They consecrated a temple to their god. 他们把庙奉献给神。 来自《简明英汉词典》
24 Ford KiIxx     
n.浅滩,水浅可涉处;v.涉水,涉过
参考例句:
  • They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上,所以我们只能涉水过河。
  • If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪,必须极度小心。
25 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
26 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
27 auspices do0yG     
n.资助,赞助
参考例句:
  • The association is under the auspices of Word Bank.这个组织是在世界银行的赞助下办的。
  • The examination was held under the auspices of the government.这次考试是由政府主办的。
28 grove v5wyy     
n.林子,小树林,园林
参考例句:
  • On top of the hill was a grove of tall trees.山顶上一片高大的树林。
  • The scent of lemons filled the grove.柠檬香味充满了小树林。
29 meditation yjXyr     
n.熟虑,(尤指宗教的)默想,沉思,(pl.)冥想录
参考例句:
  • This peaceful garden lends itself to meditation.这个恬静的花园适于冥想。
  • I'm sorry to interrupt your meditation.很抱歉,我打断了你的沉思。
30 dedicated duHzy2     
adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的
参考例句:
  • He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
  • His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
31 annually VzYzNO     
adv.一年一次,每年
参考例句:
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
32 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
33 cranberry TvOz5U     
n.梅果
参考例句:
  • Turkey reminds me of cranberry sauce.火鸡让我想起梅果酱。
  • Actually I prefer canned cranberry sauce.事实上我更喜欢罐装的梅果酱。
34 butt uSjyM     
n.笑柄;烟蒂;枪托;臀部;v.用头撞或顶
参考例句:
  • The water butt catches the overflow from this pipe.大水桶盛接管子里流出的东西。
  • He was the butt of their jokes.他是他们的笑柄。
35 glaze glaze     
v.因疲倦、疲劳等指眼睛变得呆滞,毫无表情
参考例句:
  • Brush the glaze over the top and sides of the hot cake.在热蛋糕的顶上和周围刷上一层蛋浆。
  • Tang three-color glaze horses are famous for their perfect design and realism.唐三彩上釉马以其造型精美和形态生动而著名。
36 clove TwtzJh     
n.丁香味
参考例句:
  • If tired,smell a whiff of clove oil and it will wake you up.如果疲倦,闻上一点丁香油将令人清醒。
  • A sweet-smell comes from roses and clove trees.丁香与玫瑰的香味扑鼻而来。
37 cloves 5ad54567fd694738fc0b84d05623a07a     
n.丁香(热带树木的干花,形似小钉子,用作调味品,尤用作甜食的香料)( clove的名词复数 );蒜瓣(a garlic ~|a ~of garlic)
参考例句:
  • My country is rich in cinnamon, cloves, ginger, pepper, and precious stones. 我国盛产肉桂、丁香、生姜、胡椒和宝石。 来自辞典例句
  • Ginger, nutmeg, cinnamon, pepper and cloves are common spices. 姜、肉豆蔻、肉桂、胡椒、丁香都是常用的香料。 来自辞典例句
38 baste Nu5zL     
v.殴打,公开责骂
参考例句:
  • The paper baste the candidate for irresponsible statement.该报公开指责候选人作不负责任的声明。
  • If he's rude to me again,I'll baste his coat.如果他再对我无礼的话,我就要揍他了。
39 spinach Dhuzr5     
n.菠菜
参考例句:
  • Eating spinach is supposed to make you strong.据说吃菠菜能使人强壮。
  • You should eat such vegetables as carrot,celery and spinach.你应该吃胡萝卜、芹菜和菠菜这类的蔬菜。
40 appetizers dd5245cbcffa48ce7e107a4a67e085e5     
n.开胃品( appetizer的名词复数 );促进食欲的活动;刺激欲望的东西;吊胃口的东西
参考例句:
  • Here is the egg drop and appetizers to follow. 这是您要的蛋花汤和开胃品。 来自互联网
  • Would you like appetizers or a salad to go with that? 你要不要小菜或色拉? 来自互联网
41 mashed Jotz5Y     
a.捣烂的
参考例句:
  • two scoops of mashed potato 两勺土豆泥
  • Just one scoop of mashed potato for me, please. 请给我盛一勺土豆泥。
42 gravy Przzt1     
n.肉汁;轻易得来的钱,外快
参考例句:
  • You have spilled gravy on the tablecloth.你把肉汁泼到台布上了。
  • The meat was swimming in gravy.肉泡在浓汁之中。
43 killer rpLziK     
n.杀人者,杀人犯,杀手,屠杀者
参考例句:
  • Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
  • The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。
44 ginger bzryX     
n.姜,精力,淡赤黄色;adj.淡赤黄色的;vt.使活泼,使有生气
参考例句:
  • There is no ginger in the young man.这个年轻人没有精神。
  • Ginger shall be hot in the mouth.生姜吃到嘴里总是辣的。
45 cranberries 78106be327439d47d10789051008c217     
n.越橘( cranberry的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The tart flavour of the cranberries adds piquancy. 越橘的酸味很可口。
  • Look at the fresh cranberries. 你看这些新鲜的蔓越橘。 来自无师自通 校园英语会话
46 shortcuts ebf87251d092a6de9c12cc3e85c1707a     
n.捷径( shortcut的名词复数 );近路;快捷办法;被切短的东西(尤指烟草)
参考例句:
  • In other words, experts want shortcuts to everything. 换句话说,专家需要所有的快捷方式。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Offer shortcuts from the Help menu. 在帮助菜单中提供快捷方式。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
47 poultry GPQxh     
n.家禽,禽肉
参考例句:
  • There is not much poultry in the shops. 商店里禽肉不太多。
  • What do you feed the poultry on? 你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?
48 basting 8d5dc183572d4f051f15afeb390ee908     
n.疏缝;疏缝的针脚;疏缝用线;涂油v.打( baste的现在分词 );粗缝;痛斥;(烤肉等时)往上抹[浇]油
参考例句:
  • Pam was in the middle of basting the turkey. 帕姆正在往烤鸡上淋油。 来自辞典例句
  • Moreover, roasting and basting operations were continually carried on in front of the genial blaze. 此外,文火上还不断地翻烤着肉食。 来自辞典例句
49 concoct vOoz0     
v.调合,制造
参考例句:
  • I gave her a tip on how to concoct a new kind of soup.我教她配制一种新汤的诀窍。
  • I began to concoct explanations of my own.我开始思考自己的解释。
50 soda cr3ye     
n.苏打水;汽水
参考例句:
  • She doesn't enjoy drinking chocolate soda.她不喜欢喝巧克力汽水。
  • I will freshen your drink with more soda and ice cubes.我给你的饮料重加一些苏打水和冰块。
51 sip Oxawv     
v.小口地喝,抿,呷;n.一小口的量
参考例句:
  • She took a sip of the cocktail.她啜饮一口鸡尾酒。
  • Elizabeth took a sip of the hot coffee.伊丽莎白呷了一口热咖啡。
52 diced beda9457d9b1c57e8c3d1d301be6bcc2     
v.将…切成小方块,切成丁( dice的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The meat should be finely diced for this dish. 做这种菜肴肉必须细细切成小方块。 来自辞典例句
  • Arther diced himself into debt. 亚瑟因掷骰子而负了债。 来自辞典例句
53 chestnuts 113df5be30e3a4f5c5526c2a218b352f     
n.栗子( chestnut的名词复数 );栗色;栗树;栗色马
参考例句:
  • A man in the street was selling bags of hot chestnuts. 街上有个男人在卖一包包热栗子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Talk of chestnuts loosened the tongue of this inarticulate young man. 因为栗子,正苦无话可说的年青人,得到同情他的人了。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说
54 teaspoons 2373c24f8a940bcba4d8d55a1e80e98c     
n.茶匙( teaspoon的名词复数 );一茶匙的量
参考例句:
  • Add two teaspoons of salt. 加两小匙盐。
  • Add 3 heaped teaspoons of sugar. 加满满的三匙糖。 来自《简明英汉词典》
55 mace BAsxd     
n.狼牙棒,豆蔻干皮
参考例句:
  • The sword and mace were favourite weapons for hand-to-hand fighting.剑和狼牙棒是肉搏战的最佳武器。
  • She put some mace into the meat.她往肉里加了一些肉豆蔻干皮。
56 savory UC9zT     
adj.风味极佳的,可口的,味香的
参考例句:
  • She placed a huge dish before him of savory steaming meat.她将一大盘热气腾腾、美味可口的肉放在他面前。
  • He doesn't have a very savory reputation.他的名誉不太好。
57 sage sCUz2     
n.圣人,哲人;adj.贤明的,明智的
参考例句:
  • I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。
  • The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。
58 chili JOlzm     
n.辣椒
参考例句:
  • He helped himself to another two small spoonfuls of chili oil.他自己下手又加了两小勺辣椒油。
  • It has chocolate,chili,and other spices.有巧克力粉,辣椒,和其他的调味品。
59 seasoning lEKyu     
n.调味;调味料;增添趣味之物
参考例句:
  • Salt is the most common seasoning.盐是最常用的调味品。
  • This sauce uses mushroom as its seasoning.这酱油用蘑菇作调料。
60 crumbs crumbs     
int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式
参考例句:
  • She stood up and brushed the crumbs from her sweater. 她站起身掸掉了毛衣上的面包屑。
  • Oh crumbs! Is that the time? 啊,天哪!都这会儿啦?
61 veal 5HQy0     
n.小牛肉
参考例句:
  • She sauteed veal and peppers,preparing a mixed salad while the pan simmered.她先做的一道菜是青椒煎小牛肉,趁着锅还在火上偎着的机会,又做了一道拼盘。
  • Marinate the veal in white wine for two hours.把小牛肉用白葡萄酒浸泡两小时。
62 skewer 2E3yI     
n.(烤肉用的)串肉杆;v.用杆串好
参考例句:
  • I used a skewer to make an extra hole in my belt.我用扦子在腰带上又打了一个眼儿。
  • He skewered his victim through the neck.他用扦子刺穿了受害人的脖子。
63 leftover V97zC     
n.剩货,残留物,剩饭;adj.残余的
参考例句:
  • These narrow roads are a leftover from the days of horse-drawn carriages.这些小道是从马车时代沿用下来的。
  • Wonder if that bakery lets us take leftover home.不知道那家糕饼店会不会让我们把卖剩的带回家。
64 basted 87bfdf6905a5c84b5ebdaa0ff333f45a     
v.打( baste的过去式和过去分词 );粗缝;痛斥;(烤肉等时)往上抹[浇]油
参考例句:
  • The turkey is basted to keep it from drying out. 烤火鸡时润以油脂以免烤干。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Meat is basted to keep it from drying out and to improve its flavour. 烤肉时润以脂油使不致烤焦并可增加香味。 来自《简明英汉词典》
65 poke 5SFz9     
n.刺,戳,袋;vt.拨开,刺,戳;vi.戳,刺,捅,搜索,伸出,行动散慢
参考例句:
  • We never thought she would poke her nose into this.想不到她会插上一手。
  • Don't poke fun at me.别拿我凑趣儿。
66 cindery 4389f3190ff190bcaa76fc817e37134c     
adj.灰烬的,煤渣的
参考例句:
67 gush TeOzO     
v.喷,涌;滔滔不绝(说话);n.喷,涌流;迸发
参考例句:
  • There was a gush of blood from the wound.血从伤口流出。
  • There was a gush of blood as the arrow was pulled out from the arm.当从手臂上拔出箭来时,一股鲜血涌了出来。

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