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科学美国人60秒 SSS 睡眠不平衡不利于调节血糖平衡

时间:2019-09-29 07:00:09

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(单词翻译)

Weekday–Weekend Sleep Imbalance Bad for Blood Sugar Regulation

Few things are more satisfying than sleeping late on weekends. But though the extra z’s may improve your mood, they do not appear to improve your health. Because a new study shows that so-called “recovery sleep” cannot reset1 the body’s metabolic2 clock…and may actually lead to some serious health issues.“Sleep loss can impact a range of physiological3 systems. It can increase our risk for cardiovascular disease, it can cause weight gain, it can decrease insulin sensitivity, so it can increase our risk of diabetes….

没有什么比周末晚睡更令人满意的了。但是,尽管额外的睡眠可以改善你的情绪,但并没有改善你的健康。因为一项新的研究表明所谓的“恢复性睡眠”不能重置身体的新陈代谢时钟,而且可能会导致一些严重的健康问题。“睡眠不足会影响一系列的生理系统。它会增加我们患心血管疾病的风险,会导致体重增加,会降低胰岛素敏感性,所以也会增加我们患糖尿病的风险……

Christopher Depner, an assistant professor in the department of integrative physiology4 at the University of Colorado, Boulder5.“And this can happen, depending on what you’re looking at, this can happen as quick as one or two nights of not getting enough sleep.”A lot of us shut off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday. But we go right back to burning the candle at both ends once the workweek begins.

科罗拉多大学博尔德分校综合生理学系助理教授克里斯托弗?德普纳说。“这可能会发生,取决于你在看什么,这可能会发生在睡眠不足的一两个晚上。“我们很多人都在周六和周日关掉闹钟。但是,一旦新的一周开始了,我们就又开始拼命工作了。

“So we were really interested in how this sort of cycle of insufficient6 sleep, weekend recovery sleep, insufficient sleep, can impact your risk of obesity7 and metabolic disease.”Depner and his colleagues invited volunteers to a nine-day snooze-a-thon. One group was allowed to get a full night’s sleep. The next was kept to just five hours each night. And the third group went back and forth8, restricted to five hours of shut-eye during the workweek, allowed as much sleep as they wanted over the weekend, and then back to five hours for the last couple days.

“所以我们非常感兴趣的是,这种睡眠不足的循环,周末恢复性睡眠,睡眠不足,会如何影响肥胖和代谢疾病的风险。德普纳和他的同事们邀请志愿者参加一个为期9天的睡眠马拉松。其中一组被允许睡一整夜。第二组每晚只睡5个小时。第三组人来回走动,每周只睡5小时,周末想睡多少就睡多少,最后几天又回到5小时。

The results?

结果呢?

“Well, the key findings from this study show that when we maintain insufficient short sleep schedules during a typical work or school week, we find that this leads people to eat more than they need and this leads to weight gain.”Ken Wright, professor of integrative physiology at U.C. Boulder. He’s the senior author of the study, which appears in the journal Current Biology.

“这项研究的发现表明,当在工作日或上学的星期里保持短时间睡眠时,我们发现这会导致人们吃得比他们需要的多,从而导致体重增加。肯?赖特是加州大学博尔德分校综合生理学教授。他是这项研究的资深作者,此项研究发表在《当代生物学》杂志上。

So it seems a loss of sleep leads to a spike9 in snacking. But even more surprising, sleeping in on the weekend doesn’t help—and even makes things worse.

因此,睡眠不足似乎会导致零食摄入量激增。但更令人惊讶的是,周末睡懒觉并没有缓解这种状况,反而让事情变得更糟。

“We found that after the weekend, when they went back to getting insufficient sleep during the work or school week, we found that their liver and their muscle insulin sensitivity or blood sugar regulation was reduced. And this is not something we had found in people who maintained chronic10 insufficient sleep schedules. So it’s possible that, yes, this is a worsening of the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar for those specific tissues after the weekend.”So make a date with a pillow. And trade the sweets for sweet dreams.

“我们发现,周末过后,当回到工作或上学期间睡眠不足的状态时,他们的肝脏和肌肉胰岛素敏感性或血糖调节都降低了。在长期睡眠不足人的身上不会出现此种状况。所以很有可能,是的,这是周末过后身体对那些特定组织的血糖调节能力的恶化。所以,与枕头约会吧。用糖果交换甜蜜的梦。


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1 reset rkHzYJ     
v.重新安排,复位;n.重新放置;重放之物
参考例句:
  • As soon as you arrive at your destination,step out of the aircraft and reset your wristwatch.你一到达目的地,就走出飞机并重新设置手表时间。
  • He is recovering from an operation to reset his arm.他做了一个手臂复位手术,正在恢复。
2 metabolic 2R4z1     
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句:
  • Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
  • A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。
3 physiological aAvyK     
adj.生理学的,生理学上的
参考例句:
  • He bought a physiological book.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • Every individual has a physiological requirement for each nutrient.每个人对每种营养成分都有一种生理上的需要。
4 physiology uAfyL     
n.生理学,生理机能
参考例句:
  • He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
  • He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。
5 boulder BNbzS     
n.巨砾;卵石,圆石
参考例句:
  • We all heaved together and removed the boulder.大家一齐用劲,把大石头搬开了。
  • He stepped clear of the boulder.他从大石头后面走了出来。
6 insufficient L5vxu     
adj.(for,of)不足的,不够的
参考例句:
  • There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
  • In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代,科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。
7 obesity Dv1ya     
n.肥胖,肥大
参考例句:
  • One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
  • Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
8 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
9 spike lTNzO     
n.长钉,钉鞋;v.以大钉钉牢,使...失效
参考例句:
  • The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
  • They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。
10 chronic BO9zl     
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的,慢性的;极坏的
参考例句:
  • Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
  • Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

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