2013年经济学人 美国自动减支期限临近 俄罗斯古巴遇陨石袭击

（单词翻译）

From NPR News in Washington, I'm Nora Raum.

这里是华盛顿NPR新闻，我是诺拉·劳姆。

A bomb exploded at a busy market in southwest Pakistan today. Police say at least 63 people were killed, at least 180 others were wounded. The attack occurred in a Shiah Muslim neighborhood in the city of Quetta, which has been targeted several times in recent months by hardline Sunnite militants¹.

今天，巴基斯坦西南部一处繁忙的市场发生炸弹袭击。警方表示，这起袭击至少造成63人死亡，另有180人受伤。袭击发生在奎达市，临近什叶派穆斯林地区，这起袭击如近几个月发生的多起袭击一样，目标为强硬的逊尼派武装组织。

On March 1st to cross the board spending cuts that will reduce federal spending by 85 billion dollars beginning to take effect. NPR's Brian Naylor reports the Obama administration is starting to sound the warning bell.

3月1日，联邦自动减支850亿美元的计划将开始生效。据NPR新闻的布莱恩·内勒报道，奥巴马政府已发出警告。

What's known as a sequestration in Washington speak will cut domestic spending by 5% and the defence budget by about 8%, its effects will be widespread, any government employees will face temporary layoffs² or full loads. Air travelers may be confronted with longer lines at security because of fewer TA screeners and then delays in getting off ground due to fewer air traffic controllers. Homeland security says there will be fewer boots on the ground patrolling the border with Mexico. The fillers won't happen overnight. Senate democrats⁴ will take up a proposal later this month to replace the sequestra with more agreed cuts and higher tax on millionaire, but with republicans supposed the plan is expected to fail. Brian Naylor NPR News, Washington.

华盛顿方面的全面自动减支计划为国内支出减少5%，国防预算减少8%，这项计划的影响将极其广泛，而政府雇员将面临临时失业或更高的负荷。航空旅客在进行安检时可能要等更长的时间，因为机场安检人员将会减少，而且由于空中交通管制员数量的减少，也将有越来越多的飞机会晚点。国土安全部表示，墨西哥边境的巡逻人员也将减少。补充措施不会一蹴而就。本月晚些时候，参议院民主党将致力于推进一项议案，采取大多数人同意的减支措施和对百万富翁增税的方案，代替全面自动减支措施，而共和党预测这项计划将会失败。NPR新闻，布莱恩·内勒华盛顿报道。

Republican congresswomen, Martha Roby, claims the president and senate democrats are using the sequester⁵, as a way to push through another tax increase.

共和党国会议员玛莎·罗比声称，总统和参议院民主党是在利用自动减支机制， 以推进另一种增税计划。

It is a shame that a commander in chief is using the military he weighs, as leverage⁶ for an ideological⁷ crusade for higher taxes. These games have to stop. The weekly republican address will be said the president should replace the automatic cuts with more responsible spending cuts. She said the republican led the house has already vote twice on such bills. But the democrat³ controlled senate has failed to act. Both the house and the senate are in recess⁸ all next week.

总指挥利用他手中的军队，运用权力对思想施加影响以达到增税的目的，这是件可耻的事情。这样的游戏必须要停止。共和党发表每周例行讲话时表示，总统应提出更负责的减支计划以替代自动减支机制。罗比表示，在这项议案上共和党控制的众议院已经进行了两次投票。而民主党控制的参议院却并没有实施。下周，众议院和参议院都将休会。

Federal inspectors⁹ and repair crews are getting their first look aboard disabled Carnival¹⁰ cruise ship Triumph. The vessel¹¹ is in the port of Mobile, Alabama, after 4,000 passengers spent almost a week at sea without power. Pat Duggins of Alabama public radio has more.

联邦检查员和维修团队正在检查发生故障的“凯旋嘉年华”号邮轮。这艘邮轮目前停在阿拉巴马的莫比尔港口，船上的4000名乘客在没有电力的情况下被困在海上近一周的时间。阿拉巴马公共广播电台的帕特·杜金斯将带来详细报道。

Repair team inspecting the engines and electric systems which failed while the Triumph was off Mexico Yucatan peninsula, cleaning crews are also removing the raw sewages in the hall ways. Jimmy Lyons is the head of Alabama state port authority, he says Carnival has canceled up to 15 voyages for the Triumph, which means it could be April before the ship sets sail again.

维修团队正在检查邮轮的发动机和电力系统，这些系统在邮轮驶离墨西哥尤卡坦半岛时发生故障，目前清洁团队正在清理邮轮走廊上的污水。阿拉巴马州港务局领导吉米·莱昂斯表示，嘉年华邮轮公司已经取消了“凯旋”号邮轮的15趟航行，这意味着“凯旋”号邮轮再次启航的时间为四月。

Those voyages are package standard forward in five-day voyage, so you can get to do the math on that on, and, you talk about a couple of months sending ill. All of the work under the supervision¹² of the national transportation safety board, and inspectors from the Bahamas where the Triumph was registered. For NPR News, I'm Pat Duggins.

这些航行均为预定的标准五天行程，所以你可以计算一下，有几个月的时间都不能正常运行。所有的调查工作都在美国国家运输安全委员会和巴哈马检查人员的监督下进行，“凯旋”号邮轮是在巴哈马注册的。NPR新闻，帕特·杜金斯报道。

A month long school bus strike in New York city is over. Union leaders say they've been assured by several mayor hopefuls. That concerns about job security would be considered. The current mayor said the city won't be held hostage by the union.

纽约市长达一个月的校车罢工事件结束。工会领导人表示，他们已经得到了几位市长候选人的保证。他们将会考虑司机关注的工作安全问题。现任市长表示，纽约市不会受工会的挟持。

This is NPR.

这里是NPR新闻。

A spokesman for the Vatican says the Roman Catholic church is considering whether it can call a conclave¹³ to elect a new pope sooner than March 15th. Pope Benedict is expected to resign February 28th. The rule say a conclave should be called 15 days after a vacancy¹⁴ to allow cardinals¹⁵ enough time to get to Rome. But since the cardinals know now be needed, a sooner day may be possible.

梵蒂冈的一位发言人表示，罗马天主教会正在考虑是否可以在3月15日前举行秘密会议选举新教皇。教皇本尼迪克特将于2月28日辞职。根据相关规定，秘密会议应在教皇职位空缺的15日后举行，这是为了给红衣主教足够的时间抵达罗马。但是红衣主教知道现在需要他，所以更早举行会议是有可能的。

Cleanup is underway in Russia, a meteorite¹⁶ exploded yesterday over the Euro mountains. It blew out windows in more than 4,000 buildings. Some 1,200 people were injured, most by flying glass. Russia apparently¹⁷ isn't the only place to have been visited by bright light in the sky this week. NPR's Allison Keyes explains.

昨天，陨石在欧洲山区上空爆炸，目前俄罗斯正在进行清理工作。陨石爆炸造成4000多座建筑的玻璃爆裂。1200多人受伤，其中多数被飞来的玻璃割伤。显然，这周迎来天空亮光的不是只有俄罗斯。NPR新闻的艾莉森·凯斯将带来详细报道。

Dozens remain hospitalized and some 1,200 were hurt, mostly by flying glass, when a meteorite exploded in the sky over Russia yesterday. Now a space center in San Francisco says its sky calls about the straight of light in the sky that appeared last night. Jolie Hamling, told KGO TV.

数十人留在医院接受治疗，而大约有1200人受伤，多数都是被飞来的玻璃割伤，昨天一颗陨石在俄罗斯上空爆炸致使多人受伤。现在，位于旧金山的一家太空中心表示，昨晚，旧金山上空出现了一道直射光。朱莉·哈姆林接受KGO电视台的采访时表示。

"The sites like a big, like a flash of lightning. "

“那就像一道大闪电。”

And in Cuba, residents in the city of Rodas, told the website Cubasite, they saw a bright light in the sky earlier in the week and feel to large explosion. Allen Hell, at the German air space center say.

古巴罗达斯镇的居民对Cubasite网站说，本周早些时候他们看见空中有一道闪光，而且感觉到了大爆炸。德国航空航天中心的艾伦·海尔表示。

"I think in the future, we might be confronted with increasing number of incidents like this."

“我认为未来我们可能会遇到更多的类似事件。”

He says that's because more and more of earth surface has covered by cities. Allison Keyes, NPR News.

他说，那是因为越来越多的城市占据了地球表面。NPR新闻，艾莉森·凯斯报道。

The supreme¹⁸ leader of Iran said today his country is not building nuclear weapons, but it could if it wanna to. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, said in his website, that Iran believes that all nuclear weapons must be abolished . But he said that if Iran intends to build them, the US couldn't stop it.

今天，伊朗最高领袖表示，伊朗没有研制核武器，但如果伊朗想那样做那伊朗便会进行研制。阿亚图拉阿里·哈梅内伊在个人网站发表声明表示，伊朗认为所有的核武器必须销毁。但是他也说道，如果伊朗想研制核武器，美国没有办法阻止。

I'm Nora Raum, NPR News in Washington.

我是诺拉·劳姆，这里是华盛顿NPR新闻。

划红精讲

1. be confronted with

碰到(困难)；面临

eg. It would be confronted with the bottleneck¹⁹ affecting the sustainable development at certain stage of its economic development.

在经济发展到一定阶段后，即将陷入瓶颈，经济无法再获得高速的持续增长。

eg. Be confronted with the past with the least regret.

用最少的悔恨面对过去。

eg. While our dream is confronted with the reality, you always feel painful. Just trample²⁰ on the pain, or you'll be beat down by it.

当幻想和现实面对时，总是很痛苦的。要么你被痛苦击倒，要么你把痛苦踩在脚下。

2. take up

拿起；继续；接受（提议）；占去

eg. Most scientists who can present evidence of an environmental threat can reasonably assume that a pressure group will take up the issue.

能够提供环境威胁证据的大多数科学家都有理由认为，环保团体不会放过这个问题。

eg. Dr Mahathir intends to take up the proposal with the prime minister.

马哈蒂尔博士打算和首相讨论这个提案。

eg. Increasingly, more wine-makers are taking up the challenge of growing Pinot Noir.

越来越多的酿酒商开始接受种植黑皮诺葡萄的挑战。

3. replace A with B

用...替换，代替为

eg. Dismiss suspicion and replace it with trust.

消除猜疑，用信任取而代之。

eg. Indeed, there would more general pressure to replace debt with equity²¹.

事实上，企业将更普遍地面临以股本代替债务的压力。

eg. Generally, we should replace nouns with pronouns here.

一般说来，这里我们用代词来代名词。

4. blow out

吹熄；爆裂；吹出；停吹

eg. I blew out the candle.

我把蜡烛吹灭了。

eg. His mother's death was another blow out of the dark.

母亲的过世又给她一个措手不及的打击。

eg. Provided debt troubles do not blow out into a crisis, yield curves are staying right where banks want them.

只要债务问题不演变为一场危机，目前收益率曲线的形状正是银行所希望看到的。

5. abolish

vt.废除，废止；取消，革除；消灭；撤销

eg. The following year Parliament voted to abolish the death penalty for murder...

议会于翌年表决对谋杀罪废除死刑。

eg. The whole system should be abolished.

整个制度应该被废除。

eg. It is easy to repent²² and examine one's great mistakes, but very difficult to abolish small habits.

大错误容易反省，小习气不易除掉。