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Hi, I'm Scientific American podcast editor Steve Mirsky. And here's a short piece from the December 2018 issue of the magazine, in the section called Advances: Dispatches from the Frontiers of Science, Technology and Medicine.

The article is titled "Quick Hits," and it's a rundown of some science and technology stories from around the globe, compiled by editorial contributor Ankur Paliwal.

FROM ECUADOR

Scientists have identified a new hummingbird1 species in the Ecuadorian Andes. But very few of the birds exist, and the species is considered critically endangered. Its habitat is shrinking as nearby communities burn the native landscape to make way for cattle grazing.

FROM GERMANY

Germany has launched the world's first hydrogen powered trains in an effort to reduce its dependence2 on fossil fuels. The trains, which can reach speeds u??p to 140 kilometers per hour, have fuel cells that convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity.

FROM RWANDA

Rwanda is setting up its first research center for noncommunicable diseases, including diabetes3 and cancer. Such illnesses currently account for 46 percent of the country's total deaths by all diseases — a 100 percent increase from 2000.

FROM CHINA

The Chinese government is requiring athletes who want to compete for the country in the 2022 Beijing Olympic Games to have their genomes sequenced. Officials say this practice is to screen for medical conditions that could affect the competitors' performance; some scientists have called it discriminatory.

FROM PAKISTAN

Researchers have detected the flesh-eating amoeba Naegleria fowleri in the domestic water supply of Karachi, Pakistan's most populous4 city. The metropolis5 of 15 million people has seen an alarming uptick in cases of a fatal type of encephalitis caused by the parasite6.

AND FROM ISRAEL

Scientists have discovered the world's oldest-known brewery7 in a cave near Haifa. They found residue8 from 13,000-year-old wheat and barley-based beer that resembled porridge. The previous earliest known brewery was thought to be 5,000 years old.

That was Quick Hits by Ankur Paliwal.


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1 hummingbird BcjxW     
n.蜂鸟
参考例句：
  • The hummingbird perches on a twig of the hawthorn.小蜂鸟栖在山楂树枝上。
  • The hummingbird is the only bird that can fly backward.蜂鸟是唯一能倒退向后飞的鸟。
2 dependence 3wsx9     
n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖；隶属
参考例句：
  • Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
  • He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
3 diabetes uPnzu     
n.糖尿病
参考例句：
  • In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
  • Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
4 populous 4ORxV     
adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的
参考例句：
  • London is the most populous area of Britain.伦敦是英国人口最稠密的地区。
  • China is the most populous developing country in the world.中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。
5 metropolis BCOxY     
n.首府；大城市
参考例句：
  • Shanghai is a metropolis in China.上海是中国的大都市。
  • He was dazzled by the gaiety and splendour of the metropolis.大都市的花花世界使他感到眼花缭乱。
6 parasite U4lzN     
n.寄生虫；寄生菌；食客
参考例句：
  • The lazy man was a parasite on his family.那懒汉是家里的寄生虫。
  • I don't want to be a parasite.I must earn my own way in life.我不想做寄生虫，我要自己养活自己。
7 brewery KWSzJ     
n.啤酒厂
参考例句：
  • The brewery had 25 heavy horses delivering beer in London.啤酒厂有25匹高头大马在伦敦城中运送啤酒。
  • When business was good,the brewery employed 20 people.在生意好的时候，这家酿造厂曾经雇佣过20人。
8 residue 6B0z1     
n.残余，剩余，残渣
参考例句：
  • Mary scraped the residue of food from the plates before putting them under water.玛丽在把盘子放入水之前先刮去上面的食物残渣。
  • Pesticide persistence beyond the critical period for control leads to residue problems.农药一旦超过控制的临界期，就会导致残留问题。

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