2018年经济学人 一周要闻 美国重启伊朗制裁 芝加哥经历“血腥周末”加拿大沙特外交危机

（单词翻译）

America reimposed sanctions on Iran, three months after pulling out of an accord brokered¹ in 2015 to roll back its nuclear-weapons programme. A European Union law aims to shield EU-based firms that deal with Iran from the sanctions. But Donald Trump² tweeted that anyone doing business with Iran will not be doing business with America. Scores of international companies have said they will comply with the order. Tougher sanctions come into force in November that curb³ Iranian energy exports.

美国再次对伊朗实施制裁，三个月前，美国退出了2015年达成的一项削减核武器计划的协议。欧盟的一项法律旨在保护与伊朗打交道的欧盟公司免受制裁。但美国总统特朗普在推特上表示，任何与伊朗做生意的公司都别想跟美国做生意。数十家跨国公司表示，将遵守这一命令。更为严厉的制裁措施将于11月生效，目的是限制伊朗的能源出口。

Saudi Arabia expelled Canada’s ambassador, froze trade with the country and will reportedly dump its Canadian investments. The kingdom’s ire was raised by a series of tweets from Canada’s foreign minister, in which she called for the release of Saudi human-rights activists⁴.

沙特阿拉伯驱逐了加拿大大使，冻结了与加拿大的贸易往来，据称还将抛售其在加拿大的投资。加拿大外交部长在推特上发布的一系列推文激起了沙特王国的愤怒，她在推文中呼吁释放沙特人权活动人士。

The government in Zimbabwe continued arresting and torturing members of the opposition⁵, two weeks after disputed elections that saw President Emmerson Mnangagwa and his ruling Zanu-PF party hang onto power. The situation is chaotic⁶. According to reports, the chief of the armed forces did not order the crackdown. A former army chief, Constantino Chiwenga, who is now the vice-president, is suspected of calling the shots.

津巴布韦政府仍然在逮捕和折磨反对派成员。两周前，津巴布韦总统埃默森·姆南加古瓦及其执政党非洲民族联盟-爱国阵线(Zanu-PF)举行了一次有争议的选举。当时的情况十分混乱。据报道，武装部部长并未下令镇压。前国防司令，现任副总统的奇文加（Constantino Chiwenga）被疑是主谋。

Joseph Kabila said he would not run for a third term as president of the Democratic Republic of Congo. The constitution says he cannot, but that did not previously⁷ trouble him. His term should have ended in 2016. An election is scheduled for December.

约瑟夫·卡比拉(Joseph Kabila)表示，他不会竞选刚果民主共和国(Democratic Republic of Congo)第三届总统任期。宪法不允许他这么做，但这并未对他造成困扰。他的任期本应于2016年结束。总统选举定于今年12月举行。

Nigeria’s vice-president, Yemi Osinbajo, who is acting⁸ as president while Muhammadu Buhari is on holiday, fired the country’s spy chief after masked security men barricaded⁹ parliament. Dozens of lawmakers recently switched their loyalty¹⁰ from the ruling party to the opposition.

尼日利亚副总统奥辛巴乔(Yemi Osinbajo)在布哈里(Muhammadu Buhari)度假期间代行总统职责，该国的情报局长因戴面具的警卫在议会设置路障被奥辛巴乔解雇。近期，数十名议员退出执政党转而投奔反对党。

I’d start worrying

我开始担心

The Republicans appeared to have clung on in a special election for a congressional seat in the suburbs of Columbus, Ohio. The Republican candidate’s margin¹¹ of victory stood at just one percentage point in a district that the party won by 37 points in 2016. In another election that was too close to call, Kris Kobach, who spearheaded (unfounded) allegations of voter fraud at the election in 2016, had a tiny lead in the Republican primary for governor of Kansas.

共和党人似乎在俄亥俄州哥伦布郊区的一场特别的国会选举中险胜。在共和党于2016年以37%的支持率赢下的选区中，这位共和党候选人的获胜优势仅为1%。在另一场胶着的选举中，曾带头（毫无根据地）指责投票造假的克里斯·科巴赫(Kris Kobach)在共和党堪萨斯州州长初选中以微弱的优势领先。

Chicago endured its bloodiest¹² weekend of the year. At least 74 people were shot between Friday afternoon and early Monday, 12 of them fatally.

芝加哥经历了今年最为血腥的周末。从周五下午到周一凌晨，至少有74人遭到枪击，其中12人丧命。

Presidential target

总统的目标

In an apparent attempt to assassinate¹³ Venezuela’s president, Nicolas Maduro, two drones carrying explosives flew near him as he addressed the paramilitary National Guard. One blew up in mid-air. The other struck a building. The guardsmen panicked and fled. A group calling itself Soldiers in T-shirts claimed responsibility. At least seven people were arrested. Inflation in Venezuela is so high that prices double every 25 days.

在一次明显针对委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗(Nicolas Maduro)的暗杀行动中，两架无人机携带着炸药飞向正在对准军事国民警卫队(National Guard)发表讲话的总统。其中一枚炸弹在半空中引爆。另一枚击中了一座建筑物。卫兵们惊慌失措、四处逃窜。一个号称“T恤军民族运动”(National Movement of Soldiers in T-shirts)的组织宣称对此次袭击负责。至少7人被逮捕。委内瑞拉的通货膨胀如此之高，以至于物价每25天就翻一番。