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科学美国人60秒 SSS 猫咪其实很黏人

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(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是凯伦·霍普金。

When we think about pets, we often consider dogs to be overly attentive1 and cats, well, a bit more aloof2. But a new study shows that cats can become attached to their humans—and will turn to that person for comfort in times of stress. The findings a-purr in the journal Current Biology.

我们想到宠物时,通常会认为狗狗过分体贴,而猫则有点冷漠。但一项新研究表明,猫咪可能变得依恋主人,而且在压力大的时候会向主人寻求安慰。这项研究结果发表在《当代生物学》期刊上。

Although kitties are a popular pet—more people own cats than dogs here in the U.S.—there are few studies that examine how the furtive3 felines4 feel about their owners.

尽管猫咪是受欢迎的宠物——美国养猫比养狗的人多——但几乎没有研究调查猫对主人的感觉。

"There has actually been very little research into the cat-human bond. Especially when we compare it to the number of research studies with dogs and humans."

“事实上,关注人猫关系的研究非常少。尤其是与人狗关系的研究相比时,更是如此。”

Kristyn Vitale, a postdoctoral scholar at Oregon State University.

俄勒冈州立大学博士后学者克丽丝汀·维达莱说到。

To explore the cat-caregiver connection, Vitale and her colleagues turned to a test that's been used to assess bonding behavior in puppies, apes and even infants.

为了探索狗和看护者之间的联系,维达莱及其同事采用了一种测试,这种测试被用来评估小狗、猿甚至人类婴儿的粘附行为。

The researchers would show a cat and its owner to an unfamiliar5 room and leave them there for two minutes—at which point the owner would depart, leaving the cat on its own.

研究人员会把猫及其主人带到一个不熟悉的房间,让二者留在房间里两分钟,然后主人离开,将猫独自留在房间里。

"We know that human infants' attachment6 behavior toward their parents is heightened in response to a frightening or novel situation. So in this case, the experience of the cat being in the novel room alone acts as our strange situation and allows us to observe if the cat directs any attachment behaviors to the owner when they then come back to the room."

“我们知道,面对恐惧或新情况时,人类婴儿对父母的依恋行为会增加。在这项实验中,猫独自呆在新房间的体验就是陌生情况,我们可以观察到猫是否会在主人回到房间时做出任何依恋行为。”

When the owners returned, Vitale and company would observe their reunion. And they saw that the felines displayed a variety of cat-itudes.

当主人回来时,维达莱和同伴会观察团聚情况。他们看到,猫咪展现出各种各样的态度。

"So some cats greeted their owner, and then they returned to exploring the room while periodically going back to their owner for attention."

“有些猫向主人打了招呼,然后回去继续探索房间,时不时地回到主人身边寻求关注。”

These kitties are apparently7 secure enough in their relationship that some quick reassurance8 was all they needed before continuing to purr-sue their purr-usal of the room.

这些猫咪在关系中显然足够安全,所以在继续探索房间前,它们只需要一些快速安慰。

On the other paw, some were real scary cats:

另一方面,有些猫是真正胆小的猫:

"Other cats behaved in an insecure way and excessively clung to their owner's side."

“其它猫咪表现得缺乏安全感,而且会过分地黏在主人身边。”

And then there were the cats that lived up to their reputation for supercilious9 standoffishness:

还有一些猫没有辜负它们“高傲冷漠”的名声:

"Other cats avoided their owner when they returned to the room. These secure and insecure patterns of behavior are actually the same as what we observe between dogs and their owners and even human infants and their caregivers. In all three of these populations, the majority of individuals are actually securely attached to their caregivers, indicating similarities across these species."

“其它的猫看到主人回到房间会躲避。这些安全和不安全的行为模式,实际上与我们观察狗与主人甚至人类婴儿及其看护者时看到的一样。在这三个种群中,大多数个体都会安心地依恋其看护者,这表明这些物种存在相似性。”

Although snubbing is generally considered classic cat conduct:

尽管人们普遍认为“冷漠”是经典的猫咪行为:

"The majority of cats in the study, around 65 percent, actually use their owners as a source of security."

“在研究中,大多数猫咪——65%左右——将主人当作安全来源。”

Why, one could even describe those cat-human relationships as dogged.

人们甚至会把这种猫与人的关系形容为“顽强”。

Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是凯伦·霍普金。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 attentive pOKyB     
adj.注意的,专心的;关心(别人)的,殷勤的
参考例句:
  • She was very attentive to her guests.她对客人招待得十分周到。
  • The speaker likes to have an attentive audience.演讲者喜欢注意力集中的听众。
2 aloof wxpzN     
adj.远离的;冷淡的,漠不关心的
参考例句:
  • Never stand aloof from the masses.千万不可脱离群众。
  • On the evening the girl kept herself timidly aloof from the crowd.这小女孩在晚会上一直胆怯地远离人群。
3 furtive kz9yJ     
adj.鬼鬼崇崇的,偷偷摸摸的
参考例句:
  • The teacher was suspicious of the student's furtive behaviour during the exam.老师怀疑这个学生在考试时有偷偷摸摸的行为。
  • His furtive behaviour aroused our suspicion.他鬼鬼祟祟的行为引起了我们的怀疑。
4 felines 43944fefdb0bc6cdc2c8bb6cd0059e05     
n.猫科动物( feline的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Any of several felines, such as the cheetah or the snow leopard. 这片地区是濒临灭绝的雪豹的栖息地。 来自互联网
  • Search in the basket of life, you will find it, answered Felines. 它在生命的篮子里"巴思特女神回答道。 来自互联网
5 unfamiliar uk6w4     
adj.陌生的,不熟悉的
参考例句:
  • I am unfamiliar with the place and the people here.我在这儿人地生疏。
  • The man seemed unfamiliar to me.这人很面生。
6 attachment POpy1     
n.附属物,附件;依恋;依附
参考例句:
  • She has a great attachment to her sister.她十分依恋她的姐姐。
  • She's on attachment to the Ministry of Defense.她现在隶属于国防部。
7 apparently tMmyQ     
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
参考例句:
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
8 reassurance LTJxV     
n.使放心,使消除疑虑
参考例句:
  • He drew reassurance from the enthusiastic applause.热烈的掌声使他获得了信心。
  • Reassurance is especially critical when it comes to military activities.消除疑虑在军事活动方面尤为关键。
9 supercilious 6FyyM     
adj.目中无人的,高傲的;adv.高傲地;n.高傲
参考例句:
  • The shop assistant was very supercilious towards me when I asked for some help.我要买东西招呼售货员时,那个售货员对我不屑一顾。
  • His manner is supercilious and arrogant.他非常傲慢自大。

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