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科学美国人60秒 SSS 用小鱼让珊瑚礁重现生机

时间:2020-11-03 07:35:07

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(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列,我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔。

Colorful corals may be the stars of the reef—but they can't thrive without a huge supporting cast.

五颜六色的珊瑚可能是礁石中的明星,但如果没有大“配角”,它们就无法茁壮生长。

"Fish perform a load of really important roles on a coral reef."

“鱼类在珊瑚礁上扮演着非常重要的角色。”

Tim Gordon, a marine1 biologist at the University of Exeter. He says some fish graze on seaweed, clearing space for new corals. Others control whole food chains.

埃克塞特大学的海洋生物学家蒂姆·戈登说到。他表示,有些鱼吃掉海草,为新珊瑚腾出空间。其它鱼控制着整个食物链。

But when reefs are bleached2 or damaged, the fish flee, and the reef suffers. So how do you get them back? One trick may be to play them the sounds of a healthy, vibrant3 reef.

但当珊瑚礁白化或受损后,鱼群会逃走,礁石也会遭受破坏。那如何将鱼群吸引回来?其中一招可能是给鱼播放健康、充满活力的礁石的声音。

(CLIP: Reef sounds)

(音频剪辑:礁石的声音)

Gordon and his colleagues played that symphony of snapping shrimp4 and whooping5, hammering, croaking6 fish on underwater speakers for six weeks at a test reef built off the coast of Australia. And at the end of the trial, twice as many fish were living at that vibrant-sounding reef, compared to identically built reefs outfitted7 with dummy8 speakers or no speakers at all.

戈登及其同事在澳大利亚海岸附近建造的试验礁石处,用水下扬声器将虾的“噼啪”声以及鱼的“呜呜”、“嘭嘭”和“呱呱”声播放了六周。在试验结束时,与装了假扬声器或未装扬声器的相同人造礁石相比,播放活力声音的礁石中生活的鱼,数量是前者的两倍。

"So fish from every level of the food chain — so herbivores, planktivores, omnivores, even predatory piscivores—were all being attracted by this sound."

“这些鱼来自食物链的各个层级,食草性鱼、食浮游生物性鱼、杂食性鱼甚至捕鱼性鱼类,都被这个声音吸引了。”

The details are in the journal Nature Communications.

研究详情刊登在《自然·通讯》期刊上。

But even though it worked, isn't it sort of false advertising9?

尽管这种方法成功了,但这不是虚假宣传吗?

"Yeah, i?n a way it is, kind of. So it's important that we think quite carefully about how we'd use this in conservation practices. This will only be useful if you're bringing fish into somewhere where it's worth bringing them to."

“是的,某种程度上似乎有点。因此,我们要仔细考虑如何在环保实践中应用这种方法,这点十分重要。只有把鱼吸引到值得去的地方,这一方法才有用。”

Restored reefs, that is. But even if you can lure10 fish to reefs—it's worth remembering that even healthy coral communities won't stand a chance in overheated seas.

而这个地方指的是修复后的礁石。但即使能将鱼吸引到礁石处,也要记住,即使是健康的珊瑚群也无法在过热的海水中生存。

Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 bleached b1595af54bdf754969c26ad4e6cec237     
漂白的,晒白的,颜色变浅的
参考例句:
  • His hair was bleached by the sun . 他的头发被太阳晒得发白。
  • The sun has bleached her yellow skirt. 阳光把她的黄裙子晒得褪色了。
3 vibrant CL5zc     
adj.震颤的,响亮的,充满活力的,精力充沛的,(色彩)鲜明的
参考例句:
  • He always uses vibrant colours in his paintings. 他在画中总是使用鲜明的色彩。
  • She gave a vibrant performance in the leading role in the school play.她在学校表演中生气盎然地扮演了主角。
4 shrimp krFyz     
n.虾,小虾;矮小的人
参考例句:
  • When the shrimp farm is built it will block the stream.一旦养虾场建起来,将会截断这条河流。
  • When it comes to seafood,I like shrimp the best.说到海鲜,我最喜欢虾。
5 whooping 3b8fa61ef7ccd46b156de6bf873a9395     
发嗬嗬声的,发咳声的
参考例句:
  • Whooping cough is very prevalent just now. 百日咳正在广泛流行。
  • Have you had your child vaccinated against whooping cough? 你给你的孩子打过百日咳疫苗了吗?
6 croaking croaking     
v.呱呱地叫( croak的现在分词 );用粗的声音说
参考例句:
  • the croaking of frogs 蛙鸣
  • I could hear croaking of the frogs. 我能听到青蛙呱呱的叫声。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 outfitted a17c5c96672d65d85119ded77f503676     
v.装备,配置设备,供给服装( outfit的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • They outfitted for the long journey. 他们为远途旅行准备装束。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • They outfitted him with artificial legs. 他们为他安了假腿。 来自辞典例句
8 dummy Jrgx7     
n.假的东西;(哄婴儿的)橡皮奶头
参考例句:
  • The police suspect that the device is not a real bomb but a dummy.警方怀疑那个装置不是真炸弹,只是一个假货。
  • The boys played soldier with dummy swords made of wood.男孩们用木头做的假木剑玩打仗游戏。
9 advertising 1zjzi3     
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的
参考例句:
  • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
  • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
10 lure l8Gz2     
n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引
参考例句:
  • Life in big cities is a lure for many country boys.大城市的生活吸引着许多乡下小伙子。
  • He couldn't resist the lure of money.他不能抵制金钱的诱惑。

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