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科学美国人60秒 SSS 古代防波堤沉入海底

时间:2020-11-10 01:50:03

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(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列,我是克里斯托弗·因塔格里塔。

Go snorkeling in a lot of places, you'll find coral. But on Israel's Mediterranean1 coast?

如果你经常去潜水,你会发现很多地方都有珊瑚。但以色列的地中海沿岸有吗?

"I think it's the only place in the world that you can find whole prehistoric2 villages submerged under the sea."

“我认为这是世界上唯一一处可以发现沉入海底的整个史前村庄的地方。”

Ehud Galili is an underwater archaeologist at the University of Haifa. He says one submerged village, called Tel Hreiz, sits 5 to 10 feet under the water. The community was populated some 7,000 years ago.

海法大学的水下考古学家埃胡德·加利利说到。他表示,一个叫作“泰尔赫雷兹”的水下村庄坐落在距离海面5到10英尺处。这个村庄大约在7000年前开始有人居住。

There, the archaeologists have found pottery3 and flint, human skeletons, the remains4 of deer, cows, pigs and dogs, and hundreds of olive pits—probably the remains of olive oil production. And the researchers also found a 300-foot long stretch of huge boulders5—a wall.

考古学家在那里发现了陶器和燧石、人类骨骼、鹿、牛、猪和狗的遗骸,还有数百个橄榄坑,这可能是橄榄油生产地遗址。研究人员还发现了一段300英尺长的巨石墙。

After ruling out other possible uses for the wall—like defense6 against enemies or corralling animals—the scientists determined7 that the formation was actually an ancient seawall, the oldest known example in the world. The results are in the journal PLOS ONE.

在排除了这座墙用于防御敌人或圈养动物等其他可能用途后,科学家判定该结构实际上是古代防波堤,是全世界已知最古老的范例。研究结果发表在《公共科学图书馆·综合》期刊上。

The boulders that kept the waters of the Mediterranean from flooding the village came from riverbeds a mile or two away. And the researchers say that it would have taken multiple people—or strong beasts of burden—to move them into place, suggesting that constructing the wall was a well-organized community effort. But eventually, the sea beat the barrier.

阻止地中海海水淹没村庄的卵石来自一两英里外的河床。研究人员表示,需要众多人力或强壮的兽类才能将那些巨石运过来,这表明建造那座墙是组织有序的群体行动。但最终,大海还是淹没了这座防波堤。

"Little by little, sea level continued to rise, and then it became no more effective. At some point, the cost of continuing to struggle with the sea was too high economically, and they made a decision to abandon the village."

”海平面一点一点地不断上升,然后防波堤便不再起作用。在某种程度上,持续与大海抗争的经济成本过高,所以他们决定放弃这座村庄。”

Of course, our technology is far more advanced than what they had seven millennia8 ago. But this sunken seawall is still a warning of what can happen when humans battle rising seas.

当然,现在我们的技术比7000年前要先进得多。但这座沉没的防波堤依然提醒我们,人类与不断上升的海平面对抗时会发生什么。

Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。


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点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 Mediterranean ezuzT     
adj.地中海的;地中海沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
  • Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
2 prehistoric sPVxQ     
adj.(有记载的)历史以前的,史前的,古老的
参考例句:
  • They have found prehistoric remains.他们发现了史前遗迹。
  • It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment.这儿倒像是在展览古老的电子设备。
3 pottery OPFxi     
n.陶器,陶器场
参考例句:
  • My sister likes to learn art pottery in her spare time.我妹妹喜欢在空余时间学习陶艺。
  • The pottery was left to bake in the hot sun.陶器放在外面让炎热的太阳烘晒焙干。
4 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
5 boulders 317f40e6f6d3dc0457562ca415269465     
n.卵石( boulder的名词复数 );巨砾;(受水或天气侵蚀而成的)巨石;漂砾
参考例句:
  • Seals basked on boulders in a flat calm. 海面风平浪静,海豹在巨石上晒太阳。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The river takes a headlong plunge into a maelstrom of rocks and boulders. 河水急流而下,入一个漂砾的漩涡中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 defense AxbxB     
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
参考例句:
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
7 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
8 millennia 3DHxf     
n.一千年,千禧年
参考例句:
  • For two millennia, exogamy was a major transgression for Jews. 两千年来,异族通婚一直是犹太人的一大禁忌。
  • In the course of millennia, the dinosaurs died out. 在几千年的时间里,恐龙逐渐死绝了。

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