2020年经济学人 一周要闻 惠普总部搬至得州 英两大零售巨头倒闭 埃克森美孚被"踢出"道指

（单词翻译）

ExxonMobil wrote down $20bn-worth of assets in natural gas. The energy company was the world’s biggest by market capitalisation seven years ago. It has yet to report a profit this year and was removed from the Dow Jones Industrial Average in August.

埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)减记了价值200亿美元的天然气资产。七年前，这家能源公司是全球市值最大的公司。该公司今年迄今尚未公布盈利，并于8月份被道琼斯工业平均指数扫地出门。

Turkey’s economy grew by 15.6% in the third quarter over the previous three months, and by 6.7% compared with the same quarter last year. The spurt¹ in growth was fuelled by government-backed credit. However, with exports falling, a widening current-account deficit² could spell more trouble for the lira.

土耳其第三季度的经济较前三个月增长了15.6%，较去年同期增长了6.7%。由政府支持的信贷推动了经济的迅猛增长。然而，随着出口下降，不断扩大的经常账户赤字可能会给里拉带来更多麻烦。

India’s economy is still struggling, contractingby 7.5% in the three months ending September, year on year. Still, that was an improvement on the previous quarter, when GDP shrank by 24%.

印度经济仍在苦苦挣扎，截至9月份的三个月里，经济同比收缩了7.5%。尽管如此，与上一季度GDP缩水24%相比，已经是有所改善了。

The OECD’s latest outlook forecast that global GDP will return to pre-pandemic levels by the end of next year, if outbreaks of COVID-19 are under control and vaccines³ are widely available. It forecasts the world economy will grow by around 4% in both 2021 and 2022. The recovery will be uneven⁴, however. China and other non-oecd countries will chalk up faster growth rates than developed ones.

经合组织最新的展望报告预测，如果新冠肺炎疫情得到控制，疫苗得到广泛供应，全球GDP将在明年年底恢复到疫情爆发前的水平。该报告预测，2021年和2022年世界经济将增长4%左右。然而，经济复苏将出现不平衡。中国和其他非经合组织国家的增长率将高于发达国家。

In Britain, the pandemic pushed more long-struggling retailers⁵ to the wall. Arcadia, which owns a string of high-street clothing brands, such as Topshop and Burton, fell into administration. That led the firm behind a potential rescue of Debenhams to pull out of its deal; the department-store chain now faces liquidation⁶. The collapse⁷ of both retailers puts 25,000 jobs at risk.

在英国，疫情导致更多长期挣扎的零售商面临绝境。阿卡迪亚（Arcadia）拥有一系列商业街服装品牌，如Topshop和Burton，该公司已被纳入接管。这导致这家原本可能挽救Debenhams的公司退出了交易；这家百货连锁店现在面临清算。两家零售商的倒闭使2.5万个工作岗位岌岌可危。

Hewlett Packard Enterprise, which provides computer servers and IT services, decided⁸ to move its headquarters from Silicon⁹ Valley to Houston. In 2015 HPE split from the pc-and-printer business that was Hewlett Packard, a computing¹⁰ pioneer born in Silicon Valley and often synonymous with the famous tech cluster. HP computers is still based there, though the region’s high living costs and terrible traffic have made Texas a tempting¹¹ location for many tech companies.

提供计算机服务器和IT服务的惠普企业(Hewlett Packard Enterprise)决定将总部从硅谷迁至休斯顿。2015年，惠普企业从个人计算机和打印机业务中独立出来。惠普是诞生于硅谷的计算机先驱，通常是著名科技集群的代名词。尽管加州的高物价和糟糕的交通状况迫使许多科技公司搬往得州，但惠普电脑公司仍将保留旧园区。