在线英语听力室

科学美国人60秒 SSS 基因编辑有何用?

时间:2021-11-19 01:14:54

搜索关注在线英语听力室公众号:tingroom,领取免费英语资料大礼包。

(单词翻译)

This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Steve Mirsky.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列,我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基。

On October 7, Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of the gene1-editing tool called CRISPR.

10月7日,詹妮弗·杜德纳和艾曼纽·卡彭迪耶因开发了名为CRISPR的基因编辑工具,共同获得了2020年诺贝尔化学奖。

Last April,I spoke2 with Doudna at an event in Washington, D.C.

去年4月,我在华盛顿特区的一次活动上与杜德纳进行了交谈。

A few months ago, I was at a talk about wine, and CRISPR came up. And it was it was an appropriate thing to bring up.

几个月前,我参加了一个关于葡萄酒的演讲,CRISPR出现了。这是一个合适的话题。

What is it like to be in this field right now, where everyone is talking about the work that you do and its implications?

现在身处这个领域是什么感觉,每个人都在谈论你的工作及其影响?

Well, I have to say it’s very exciting.

不得不说这很令人兴奋。

And as a scientist, it’s wonderful to see all the creative work that’s going on with gene editing.

作为一名科学家,很高兴看到基因编辑方面的创造性工作。

It’s just a fascinating opportunity to see the innovation that people come up with when they have a tool that’s so broadly useful across biology.

当人们拥有一种在整个生物学中如此广泛有用的工具时,这只是一个令人着迷的机会,可以看到人们提出的创新。

You do a million interviews, and you make a lot of public talks.

你做了一百万次采访,以及开展了很多的公开演讲。

What do people not talk to you about that you would love to talk about regarding CRISPR?

关于CRISPR,有什么是人们不跟你谈的,而你又想谈的?

Well, I think a lot of the discussion around CRISPR right now focuses on biomedical applications, which clearly are very exciting.

我认为现在关于CRISPR的很多讨论都集中在生物医学应用上,这显然是非常令人兴奋的。

I think something that I don’t hear as much—although I’m happy to hear that you had this conversation at a wine event—are the opportunities in agriculture.

虽然我很高兴听到你们在葡萄酒活动上进行了这样的对话,但我觉得有些事情我并没有听到太多,那就是农业领域的机遇。

I think they’re going to be huge.

我想它们会很庞大。

And I’m really, really excited about the opportunities to use gene editing to create plants that will be drought-tolerant, pest-resistant, maybe more nutritious—give farmers opportunities to grow plants in environments where, in the past, they’ve been really challenging to grow.

我对利用基因编辑创造出耐旱、抗虫害、可能更有营养的植物的机会感到非常兴奋,这让农民有机会在过去很难生长的环境中种植植物。

Yeah,it's just the range of applications is just seemingly endless.

是啊,应用范围似乎无穷无尽。

I think in the wine talk, we were discussing the threats to viniculture from global warming.

我想在关于葡萄酒的演讲中,我们讨论了全球变暖对葡萄栽培的威胁。

And one of the possible applications there is to get the more heat- tolerant organisms to chip in, help the wine grapes.

其中一个可能的应用是让更耐高温的有机体参与进来,帮助酿制葡萄。

I know you talk about the ethical3 considerations a lot.

我知道你说了很多道德方面的考虑。

Anything you’d like to discuss?

你有什么想讨论的吗?

I think the ethical considerations are incredibly important.

我认为伦理考虑是非常重要的。

People get very excited and concerned, appropriately, I think, on occasion about opportunities to use gene editing in systems where,

人们非常兴奋和关心,我认为,适当地,偶尔在系统中使用基因编辑的机会,

you know, we really need to be thoughtful about the responsible use—where there are great opportunities but also big, big challenges.

你知道,我们真的需要考虑负责任的使用,那里有巨大的机会,但也有巨大的挑战。

And of course, a very obvious one is in the human-germ-line-embryo editing but also, frankly4, also in microbes and other organisms that could be released into the environment—using gene editing to spread genetic5 traits in a mode called gene drives.

当然,一个非常明显的例子体现在人类-生殖系-胚胎编辑中,但坦白地说,也存在于可能被释放到环境中的微生物和其他有机体中 ——使用基因编辑,以一种叫做基因驱动的模式传播遗传特征。

So that’s another area where there’s a lot of discussion about how careful we need to be.

所以这是另一个我们需要谨慎讨论的领域。

How do we regulate this technology appropriately?

我们如何适当地规范这项技术?

How do we encourage science to advance but do it in a way that’s responsible?

我们如何鼓励科学进步,但又以负责任的方式去做呢?

Thanks for listening for Scientific American's 60-second Science. I'm Steve Mirsky.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是我是史蒂夫·米尔斯基。


分享到:


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
2 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
3 ethical diIz4     
adj.伦理的,道德的,合乎道德的
参考例句:
  • It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
  • It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。
4 frankly fsXzcf     
adv.坦白地,直率地;坦率地说
参考例句:
  • To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说,我一点也不赞成这个主意。
  • Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说,我不反对改革。
5 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎 点击提交 分享给大家。