2022年经济学人 美联储将基准利率上调50个基点

（单词翻译）

The world this week--Business

本周国际要闻--商业

America’s Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by half a percentage point, lifting it to a target range of 0.75% to 1%.

美联储将基准利率提高了0.5个百分点，将其提高到0.75%到1%的目标区间。

It was the biggest increase since 2000.

这是自2000年以来的最大增幅。

The Fed also unveiled a plan to start reducing its nearly $9trn balance-sheet from June, and accelerate the pace of sales in September, intensifying¹ its battle against inflation.

美联储还公布了一项计划，将从6月份开始削减其近9万亿美元的资产负债表，并在9月份加快出售步伐，加大对抗通胀的力度。

More half-point rate rises are expected this year.

预计今年还会有更多0.5个百分点的加息。

The Reserve Bank of Australia increased its benchmark rate for the first time in 11 years, to 0.35%, amid high inflation.

由于通胀居高不下，澳大利亚储备银行11年来首次将基准利率上调至0.35%。

India’s central bank also unexpectedly raised its main rate, to 4.4%, in an effort to tame prices, especially for food.

印度央行也出人意料地将主要利率上调至4.4%，以抑制物价，尤其是食品价格。

With many tech share prices shedding their gains from the pandemic, the Nasdaq stockmarket fell by 13.3% in April, its worst monthly performance since the financial crisis in 2008.

随着许多科技股失去了疫情带来的收益，纳斯达克股票市场在4月份下跌了13.3%，这是自2008年金融危机以来最糟糕的月度表现。

Amazon’s stock struggled to recover from the hammering it took after the company reported a slowdown in quarterly revenue from online sales.

亚马逊公布季度在线销售收入放缓后，该公司股价受到重创，但仍在努力恢复。

It recorded a net loss of $3.8bn, in part because it wrote down the value of its investment in Rivian, which makes electric vehicles.

该公司录得38亿美元的净亏损，部分原因是该公司减记了对电动汽车制造商Rivian的投资价值。

Amazon’s cloud-computing division, which provides the backbone² of its profits, did well.

作为亚马逊利润支柱的云计算部门表现良好。

The momentum³ that labour activists⁴ were hoping for from the recent decision by workers at an Amazon warehouse⁵ to join a union stalled, after staff at a smaller facility voted against unionisation.

亚马逊一家较小仓库的员工投票反对成立工会，之后，劳工活动人士希望亚马逊一家仓库的工人最近决定加入工会的势头停滞了。

Lyft lost 30% of its stockmarket value, after the ride-hailing company forecast a weak outlook.

来福车股价下跌30%，此前这家叫车公司就预测前景黯淡。

Uber’s share price also fell, though not as sharply;

优步的股价也出现了下跌，不过没有那么剧烈;

its business rebounded⁶ in the first quarter because of “strong mobility⁷ demand”, but it nevertheless made a $5.9bn loss because of its sinking investments in tech firms.

该公司业务在第一季度出现反弹，原因是“移动需求强劲”，但由于对科技公司的投资减少，该公司亏损59亿美元。

Underlining a reversal in fortunes compared with the tech sector⁸ over the course of the pandemic, the oil industry reported bumper⁹ quarterly profits, helped by surging oil prices.

石油行业在油价飙升的帮助下，公布了丰厚的季度利润，突显出疫情期间与科技行业相比的命运逆转。

Despite a $24bn write-down from leaving Russia, BP’s headline profit came in at $6.2bn, the best since 2008.

尽管英国石油因离开俄罗斯而减记了240亿美元，但其整体利润仍为62亿美元，为2008年以来最高。

It expanded its share buy-back programme.

该公司扩大了股票回购计划。

Shell’s adjusted profit of $9.1bn was its best ever.

壳牌调整后利润为91亿美元，创历史新高。

ExxonMobil tripled its stock buy-backs and Chevron¹⁰ recorded its most profitable three months since 2012.

埃克森美孚的股票回购额增加了两倍，雪佛龙录得2012年以来最赚钱的三个月。

Intercontinental Exchange (ICE), the owner of the New York Stock Exchange, agreed to buy Black Knight¹¹, a provider of mortgage data and software, for $13.1bn.

纽约证交所的母公司洲际交易所同意以131亿美元收购抵押数据和软件提供商黑骑士。

Like other stockmarket operators, ICE has been expanding into fintech and other areas outside equities¹².

与其他股市运营商一样，洲际交易所一直在向金融科技和股票以外的其他领域扩张。

Its acquisition of Black Knight comes amid a boom in American house prices.

该公司收购黑骑士正值美国房价暴涨之际。