2023年经济学人 美国11天内倒闭四家银行

（单词翻译）

美国11天内倒闭四家银行

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    The Federal Reserve raised its benchmark interest rate by another quarter of a percentage point and signalled that more rate increases could come in its fight against inflation, despite higher rates triggering a series of bank failures.

    美联储将基准利率再上调25个基点，并暗示可能会进一步加息以抗通胀，尽管加息引发了一系列银行倒闭。

    In a statement, the Federal Open Market Committee said America’s banking¹ system was sound and resilient.

    在一份声明中，美国联邦公开市场委员会表示，美国银行体系稳健且有韧性。

    The committee voted to raise the federal funds rate to a target range of 4.75% to 5%, its highest since 2007.

    该委员会投票决定将联邦基金利率上调至4.75%至5%的目标区间，为2007年以来的最高水平。

    The decision followed the European Central Bank’s decision to lift rates on March 16th.

    该决定是在欧洲央行3月16日决定加息之后做出的。

    America’s treasury² secretary, Janet Yellen, ruled out an expansion of bank-deposit insurance or blanket guarantees for savers after four bank failures in 11 days.

    11天内四家银行倒闭，随后，美国财政部长珍妮特·耶伦不考虑扩大银行存款保险，不再为储户提供全面担保。

    Her comments came more than a week after the Treasury, the Fed and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation took swift action to protect depositors at Silicon³ Valley Bank, which specialised in banking services for tech startups, and Signature Bank, which is based in New York.

    在她发表上述言论的一周多前，美国财政部、美联储与联邦存款保险公司迅速采取行动，保护硅谷银行与签名银行的储户。硅谷银行专为科技初创企业提供银行服务，而签名银行总部位于纽约。

    Yet on March 22nd Mr Powell said that depositors “should assume” they are safe.

    然而在3月22日，鲍威尔表示存款人“应该认为”存款安全。

    UBS, Switzerland’s biggest bank, acquired Credit Suisse, its troubled rival, in an all-share emergency deal brokered⁴ by Swiss authorities for around SFr3bn ($3.2bn), a 60% discount on Credit Suisse’s stockmarket valuation.

    瑞士最大的银行瑞银集团在瑞士政府的斡旋下，以30亿瑞士法郎(约合32亿美元)的全股票交易紧急收购了陷入困境的竞争对手瑞士信贷，这笔交易让瑞士信贷股票估值打了6折。

    Holders⁵ of “Alternative-Tier 1” bonds issued by Credit Suisse were written off altogether.

    瑞士信贷发行的“额外一级”债券的持有人被全部注销。

    FINMA, the Swiss financial regulator, defended its decision to write down the bonds.

    瑞士金融市场监督管理局为其减记债券的决定进行了辩护。

    First Republic Bank, a lender based in California, has hired Lazard and JPMorgan Chase, two investment banks, as advisers⁶ amid discussions with potential investors⁷ and government officials to shore up its balance-sheet.

    总部位于加州的第一共和国银行已聘请了拉扎德和摩根大通这两家投行作为顾问，与潜在投资者和政府官员进行讨论，以支撑其资产负债表。

    It follows attempts to rescue the lender by 11 Wall Street banks.

    此前，11家华尔街银行曾试图拯救这家银行。

    First Republic’s share price has fallen by 89% this month.

    第一共和国银行的股价本月已下跌89%。

    Inflation in Britain rose unexpectedly in February.

    英国2月份通货膨胀率意外上升。

    Annual consumer-price inflation rose to 10.4% in February, up from 10.1% in January. That was higher than the 9.9% forecast by analysts⁸.

    2月份消费者物价通胀率同比上涨10.4%，高于1月份的10.1%。这一数字高于分析师预测的9.9%。

    Inflation in Canada eased to 5.2% in February, down from 5.9% in January.

    加拿大2月份的通货膨胀率从1月份的5.9%降至5.2%。

    It follows the Bank of Canada’s decision to keep interest rates unchanged for the first time in nine meetings, making it the first central bank across the G10 group of large economies to pause its rate-tightening cycle.

    此前，加拿大央行决定维持利率不变，这是九次会议以来的首次，使其成为10国集团大型经济体中第一家暂停加息周期的央行。