2023年经济学人 美国10年期国债收益率创15年来新高

（单词翻译）

美国10年期国债收益率创15年来新高

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    The rout¹ in government-bond markets deepened, as investors² bet that interest rates would stay higher for longer.

    政府债券市场溃败进一步加重，因为投资者押注利率将会在更长时间内保持在高位。

    The yield on America’s ten-year Treasury³ bond neared 4.9%, the highest since 2007.

    美国十年期国债收益率接近4.9%，为2007年以来的最高水平。

    In Europe the yield on Germany’s benchmark ten-year debt rose above 3% for the first time since 2011.

    在欧洲，德国基准十年期债券的收益率自2011年以来首次升至3%以上。

    With markets speculating that the Bank of Japan will soon raise rates, Japanese bond yields were at their highest point in a decade, pushing the central bank to make unscheduled purchases of government debt in order to maintain its policy of controlling yields.

    由于市场猜测日本央行不久后将会加息，日本债券收益率达到了10年来的最高点，这促使日本央行购买计划外的政府债券，以维持其控制收益率的政策。

    The finance ministry⁴ refused to say whether it had intervened in currency markets, after the yen⁵ reached 150 to the dollar.

    在日元兑美元汇率达到1美元兑150日元之后，日本财务省拒绝透露是否干预了外汇市场。

    The sell-off spread to stockmarkets, causing the Dow Jones Industrial Average to turn negative for the year.

    债券抛售蔓延到股市，导致道琼斯工业股票平均价格指数今年转为负值。

    The S&P 500 fell by 5% in September and the NASDAQ Composite by 6%, the worst month for both indices so far in 2023.

    九月份，标准普尔500指数下跌了5%，纳斯达克综合指数下跌了6%，这两个指数是2023年到目前为止表现最差的一个月。

    The Russian rouble slid below the symbolic⁶ mark of 100 to the dollar.

    俄罗斯卢布兑美元汇率下跌，跌破1美元兑100卢布的象征性关口。

    A Kremlin spokesman said there was “no cause for concern”.

    克里姆林宫的一位发言人表示，“没有理由感到担忧”。

    Officials have been putting pressure on the central bank to lift interest rates to halt the decline.

    俄罗斯官员一直在向央行施压，要求其提高利率以阻止汇率下跌。

    The bank made an emergency increase in August and raised its main rate again last month, to 13%.

    俄罗斯央行在8月份紧急加息，并在上个月再次将基准利率上调至13%。

    One reason for the rouble’s depreciation⁷ is businesspeople pulling their money from Russia, which has sparked a debate about reintroducing the type of currency controls that were brought in at the start of Russia’s war on Ukraine.

    造成卢布贬值的一个原因是：商人从俄罗斯撤出资金，这引发了一场关于重新采用货币管制的辩论。这种货币管制实施于俄罗斯对乌克兰开战之初。

    The euro zone’s annual inflation rate fell sharply in September, to 4.3%, the lowest level in almost two years.

    欧元区9月份的年通货膨胀率大幅下降，降至4.3%，为近两年来的最低水平。

    The core rate, which excludes food and energy, dropped to 4.5%.

    核心通胀率(除去食品和能源)降至4.5%。

    The mood music from the European Central Bank is that it will keep its interest rates at the current high levels so that inflation drops to 2% by 2025.

    欧洲央行的态度是，将利率维持在目前的高水平，以便到2025年将通胀率降至2%。

    A rise in the cost of oil pushed Turkey’s inflation rate to 61.5% in September.

    油价上涨将土耳其9月份的通胀率推高至61.5%。

    The central bank has raised interest rates to 30% to try to tame prices.

    土耳其央行已将利率上调至30%，试图抑制物价。

    Sam Bankman-Fried went on trial in a court in Manhattan over the collapse⁸ of FTX, the world’s third-biggest cryptocurrency exchange before its bankruptcy⁹.

    萨姆·班克曼-弗里德因FTX倒闭而在曼哈顿一家法院受审。FTX破产前是全球第三大加密货币交易所。

    Mr Bankman-Fried is accused of defrauding¹⁰ investors and customers in the company he founded and of money-laundering.

    班克曼-弗里德被指控在他创立的公司中对投资者和客户进行欺诈，并被指控从事洗钱活动。

    He has pleaded not guilty.

    他已提出无罪抗辩。

    The trial of the former high-roller, who was once courted by politicians because of his generous funding for projects related to “effective altruism”, is expected to last six weeks.

    对这位前土豪的审判预计将持续六周。班克曼-弗里德曾因慷慨资助与“有效利他主义”相关的项目而受到政界人士的追捧。