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2023年经济学人 当幻想在华尔街遇到现实(1)

时间:2024-01-30 03:21:43

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(单词翻译)

 

 

    Fantasy finally meets reality on Wall Street.

    幻想最终在华尔街遇到了现实。

    Two years ago the stockmarket was in the grip of speculative1 mania2.

    两年前,股市还处于投机狂潮之中。

    Shares in GameStop, a struggling video-game retailer4, hit an all-time intraday high of $483 on January 28th 2021, up from around $5 at the beginning of the month.

    2021年1月28日,苦苦挣扎的电子游戏零售商“游戏驿站”的股价从月初的约5美元涨至483美元,创下历史新高。

    Retail3 traders co-ordinated in a Reddit forum5 and snapped up shares using brokerage apps like Robinhood.

    散户们在Reddit的一个板块上协商一致,使用Robinhood等交易软件抢购股票。

    Empowered by technology, newcomers piled into GameStop, ostensibly because the beleaguered6 chain was one Wall Street had heavily sold short (ie, bet that the firm's shares would fall in price).

    在技术的推动下,大量散户参与了游戏驿站的股票交易,表面原因是这家陷入困境的连锁店是被华尔街严重做空的公司(即预测该公司的股价将会下跌)。

    Short-sellers were the villains8.

    做空者罪大恶极。

    When GameStop spiked9 they lost their shirts.

    如果游戏驿站股价飙升,他们就会损失惨重。

    What could be better?

    还有比这更好的事吗?

    The question at the time was how much of this would endure.

    当时的问题在于,这样的情况能持续多久。

    Manias10 are as old as the hills, but this one seemed different: it was enabled by new technology that wasn't going anywhere.

    人类的强烈欲望并不是什么新鲜事,但这一次似乎不同:它是在不会消失的新技术的帮助下实现的。

    For a time, the GameStop crew were unstoppable.

    一段时间内,游戏驿站的支持者势不可挡。

    They pumped up prices for companies that had attracted interest from short-sellers, such as AMC, a cinema chain, and Bed, Bath & Beyond, a home-goods retailer.

    他们抬高了做空者感兴趣的公司的股票价格,比如连锁影院美国电影院线和家居用品零售商Bed,Bath&Beyond。

    Battle-hardened short-sellers, including Andrew Left of Citron, a research firm, threw in the towel.

    包括香橼研究公司的安德鲁·莱福在内的很多久经沙场的做空者都认输了。

    Melvin Capital, a firm that had shorted GameStop, which the Reddit hordes11 made the cartoon villain7 of the saga12, decided13 to close its doors in May 2022.

    梅尔文资本曾做空游戏驿站,被Reddit用户塑造成了这一传奇故事中卡通反派,受事件影响,这家公司决定在2022年5月关闭。

    When interest rates are zero the price of a dream can be infinite.

    当利率为零时,梦想的价格可能没有上限。

    Higher rates change the dynamic.

    利率的上升改变了这种动态。

    Last year was therefore rough on the meme-portfolio, but its fans are nothing if not resilient, even when making losses.

    因此,去年对meme投资组合来说是艰难的一年,但它的粉丝具有极大的韧性,即使是在亏损的情况下也是如此。

    Matthias Hanauer of Robeco, an asset manager, tracks the most heavily shorted stocks in the MSCI Developed Index, a benchmark of global shares.

    荷宝的资产管理人马蒂亚斯·哈瑙尔追踪了全球股市基准指数,即摩根士丹利资本国际公司发达指数中被严重做空的股票。

    Since December 31st 2020, a month before GameStop shares peaked, they have underperformed the market by around 15 percentage points.

    自2020年12月31日以来,也就是游戏驿站股价达到峰值的前一个月,该公司股票的表现落后大市约15个百分点。

    If 2022 was a reckoning with professional investors15, then 2023 will be a reckoning with reality.

    如果2022年是对专业投资者的报复,那么2023年将是对现实的报复。

    A slowing economy is going to break many of the companies meme-stockers profess14 to adore.

    经济放缓将摧毁许多meme股股民宣称热爱的公司。

    Monetary16 tightening17 slows the economy with a lag.

    货币紧缩缓慢地减缓经济发展。

    As conditions worsen, struggling retailers18, such as Bed, Bath and Beyond, are floundering.

    随着情况的恶化,Bed,Bath&Beyond等苦苦挣扎的零售商处境更加艰难。

    On January 26th the shower-curtain purveyor19 was served a slew20 of default notices by its bankers.

    1月26日,为这家浴帘供应商提供资金的银行向其发出了一系列违约通知。

    Reuters, a newswire, has reported it may soon file for bankruptcy21.

    新闻通讯社路透社报道称,该公司可能很快会申请破产。

    The end of more than a decade of rock-bottom interest rates is also beginning to reveal corporate22 misdeeds and sometimes outright23 fraud.

    长达十几年的利率极低的时代终结,企业的不端行为,甚至是彻头彻尾的欺诈行为也开始暴露出来。

    "Capital was free for 12 years," says a former Wall Street tycoon24.

    “资本在这12年是免费的,”一位前华尔街大亨表示。

    "We have no idea about all the places capital went that it should not have gone."“我们不知道资本都去了哪些不该去的地方。”

    Some initial pockets of misallocation have become apparent.

    原本不当配置的情况得以显露。

    The pricking25 of the bubble in cryptocurrency markets has exposed businesses including Celsius26 and FTX, the founders27 of which have been charged with defrauding28 their investors.

    加密货币市场的泡沫破裂,让包括Celsius和FTX在内的企业存在的问题暴露了出来,这两家公司的创始人都被控对投资者进行欺诈。


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1 speculative uvjwd     
adj.思索性的,暝想性的,推理的
参考例句:
  • Much of our information is speculative.我们的许多信息是带推测性的。
  • The report is highly speculative and should be ignored.那个报道推测的成分很大,不应理会。
2 mania 9BWxu     
n.疯狂;躁狂症,狂热,癖好
参考例句:
  • Football mania is sweeping the country.足球热正风靡全国。
  • Collecting small items can easily become a mania.收藏零星物品往往容易变成一种癖好。
3 retail VWoxC     
v./n.零售;adv.以零售价格
参考例句:
  • In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
  • These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。
4 retailer QjjzzO     
n.零售商(人)
参考例句:
  • What are the retailer requirements?零售商会有哪些要求呢?
  • The retailer has assembled a team in Shanghai to examine the question.这家零售商在上海组建了一支团队研究这个问题。
5 forum cilx0     
n.论坛,讨论会
参考例句:
  • They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
  • The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。
6 beleaguered 91206cc7aa6944d764745938d913fa79     
adj.受到围困[围攻]的;包围的v.围攻( beleaguer的过去式和过去分词);困扰;骚扰
参考例句:
  • The beleaguered party leader was forced to resign. 那位饱受指责的政党领导人被迫辞职。
  • We are beleaguered by problems. 我们被许多困难所困扰。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 villain ZL1zA     
n.反派演员,反面人物;恶棍;问题的起因
参考例句:
  • He was cast as the villain in the play.他在戏里扮演反面角色。
  • The man who played the villain acted very well.扮演恶棍的那个男演员演得很好。
8 villains ffdac080b5dbc5c53d28520b93dbf399     
n.恶棍( villain的名词复数 );罪犯;(小说、戏剧等中的)反面人物;淘气鬼
参考例句:
  • The impression of villains was inescapable. 留下恶棍的印象是不可避免的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Some villains robbed the widow of the savings. 有几个歹徒将寡妇的积蓄劫走了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
9 spiked 5fab019f3e0b17ceef04e9d1198b8619     
adj.有穗的;成锥形的;有尖顶的
参考例句:
  • The editor spiked the story. 编辑删去了这篇报道。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They wondered whether their drinks had been spiked. 他们有些疑惑自己的饮料里是否被偷偷搀了烈性酒。 来自辞典例句
10 manias a53fb556c0453c4fb031bec991049041     
n.(mania的复数形式)
参考例句:
  • Like all manias, it needed an object of focus and an explanation. 华尔街立刻夸耀这种称之为“新纪元”的现象。 来自互联网
  • But shareholders have frequently in the manias of the moment along with everyone else. 但股东常常会和其他人一样,陷入一时的狂热。 来自互联网
11 hordes 8694e53bd6abdd0ad8c42fc6ee70f06f     
n.移动着的一大群( horde的名词复数 );部落
参考例句:
  • There are always hordes of tourists here in the summer. 夏天这里总有成群结队的游客。
  • Hordes of journalists jostled for position outside the conference hall. 大群记者在会堂外争抢位置。 来自《简明英汉词典》
12 saga aCez4     
n.(尤指中世纪北欧海盗的)故事,英雄传奇
参考例句:
  • The saga of Flight 19 is probably the most repeated story about the Bermuda Triangle.飞行19中队的传说或许是有关百慕大三角最重复的故事。
  • The novel depicts the saga of a family.小说描绘了一个家族的传奇故事。
13 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
14 profess iQHxU     
v.声称,冒称,以...为业,正式接受入教,表明信仰
参考例句:
  • I profess that I was surprised at the news.我承认这消息使我惊讶。
  • What religion does he profess?他信仰哪种宗教?
15 investors dffc64354445b947454450e472276b99     
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
  • a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会
16 monetary pEkxb     
adj.货币的,钱的;通货的;金融的;财政的
参考例句:
  • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
17 tightening 19aa014b47fbdfbc013e5abf18b64642     
上紧,固定,紧密
参考例句:
  • Make sure the washer is firmly seated before tightening the pipe. 旋紧水管之前,检查一下洗衣机是否已牢牢地固定在底座上了。
  • It needs tightening up a little. 它还需要再收紧些。
18 retailers 08ff8df43efeef1abfd3410ef6661c95     
零售商,零售店( retailer的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
  • Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。
19 purveyor GiMyN     
n.承办商,伙食承办商
参考例句:
  • Silence, purveyor of gossip, do not spread that report. 快别那样说,新闻记者阁下,别散布那个消息。 来自互联网
  • Teaching purpose: To comprehensively understand the role function and consciousness composition of a news purveyor. 教学目的:全面深入的理解新闻传播者的角色功能和意识构成。 来自互联网
20 slew 8TMz0     
v.(使)旋转;n.大量,许多
参考例句:
  • He slewed the car against the side of the building.他的车滑到了大楼的一侧,抵住了。
  • They dealt with a slew of other issues.他们处理了大量的其他问题。
21 bankruptcy fPoyJ     
n.破产;无偿付能力
参考例句:
  • You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产,就必须节省开支。
  • His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。
22 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
23 outright Qj7yY     
adv.坦率地;彻底地;立即;adj.无疑的;彻底的
参考例句:
  • If you have a complaint you should tell me outright.如果你有不满意的事,你应该直率地对我说。
  • You should persuade her to marry you outright.你应该彻底劝服她嫁给你。
24 tycoon EKkze     
n.有钱有势的企业家,大亨
参考例句:
  • The tycoon is on the verge of bankruptcy.那名大亨濒临破产的边缘。
  • The tycoon has many servants to minister to his needs.那位大亨有很多人服侍他。
25 pricking b0668ae926d80960b702acc7a89c84d6     
刺,刺痕,刺痛感
参考例句:
  • She felt a pricking on her scalp. 她感到头皮上被扎了一下。
  • Intercostal neuralgia causes paroxysmal burning pain or pricking pain. 肋间神经痛呈阵发性的灼痛或刺痛。
26 Celsius AXRzl     
adj.摄氏温度计的,摄氏的
参考例句:
  • The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
  • The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
27 founders 863257b2606659efe292a0bf3114782c     
n.创始人( founder的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty. 他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。 来自辞典例句
  • The founders of our religion made this a cornerstone of morality. 我们宗教的创始人把这看作是道德的基石。 来自辞典例句
28 defrauding f903d3f73034a10d2561b5f23b7b6bde     
v.诈取,骗取( defraud的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Second is the actor regards defrauding of the wealth as object. 第二,行为人以骗取钱财为目的。 来自互联网
  • Therefore, DELL has the motive and economic purpose of intentionally defrauding the Chinese consumers. 因此,戴尔公司存在故意欺诈中国消费者的动机和经济目的。 来自互联网

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