VOA标准英语2008年-Doctors' Group Says It Has Evidence US Military

（单词翻译）

By Al Pessin
Pentagon
18 June 2008

A group of American doctors that promotes human rights says it has examined 11 former detainees who were held by the U.S. military, and determined¹ they were systematically² tortured with the complicity of medical personnel. VOA's Al Pessin reports from the Pentagon.

The group Physicians for Human Rights says the alleged³ abuse is continuing to have long-term effects on the detainees, and that the conduct of the troops involved and their commanders amounts to war crimes. In a report issued Wednesday, the group says the abusive techniques included beatings, stress positions, extreme heat and cold, sexual humiliation⁴, threats of attacks on their families and even rape⁵.

The report says none of the 11 detainees was ever formally charged with a crime, and all were released, some after several years in custody⁶.

Members of the doctors' group did extensive physical and psychological examinations of the former detainees. One of the investigators⁷, Dr. Allen Keller, says they found solid evidence to support the detainees' claims of mistreatment in U.S. custody in the aftermaths of the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq.

"My colleagues and I conducted detailed⁸ medical evaluations⁹ of these former Abu Ghraib and Guantanamo detainees and found clear physical and psychological evidence of torture and abuse, often causing lasting¹⁰ suffering," he said.

Dr. Keller, who is experienced in dealing¹¹ with people who claim to have been tortured, says the evidence includes scars and damage to bones and joints¹², as well as clear signs of psychological trauma¹³, including insomnia¹⁴, nightmares, anxiety, severe depression and post-traumatic stress disorder¹⁵. He says the injuries match the detainees' allegations of abuse.

Pentagon Spokesman Bryan Whitman questioned the claims, saying the group acknowledges it does not have medical records for the former detainees from before they were taken into U.S. custody. He notes that the Defense¹⁶ Department has done at least 12 investigations¹⁸ of abuse allegations, and would do more if presented with credible¹⁹ evidence, but he is not sure whether this report will merit such a response.

"The United States government's policies, procedures and doctrine²⁰ of this department has always supported the principle that we will treat everyone in our custody humanely," he said. "And where we find that there are people that do not live up to those values or that performance, we take action and we do hold people accountable."

Whitman also notes that the group examined only 11 former detainees of the thousands who have been held in U.S. custody during the last seven years, and he questioned whether the former detainees would be truthful²¹.

Although similar abuse allegations have been made before, the president of Physicians for Human Rights, Leonard Rubenstein, says this report is different.

"It shows in a depth never before documented the human consequences of the Pentagon's decision to adopt techniques like prolonged isolation²², stress positions, severe humiliation," he explained. "For most of the men, almost all of the men, the result was a horrific stew²³ of pain, degradation²⁴ and enduring suffering."

Much of the alleged abuse was related to interrogations, but Rubenstein says some was what he calls "gratuitous²⁵ cruelty" by guards.

The report also charges that military medical personnel participated in abusive interrogations, making sure detainees were healthy enough to continue but not stopping the abuse or reporting it.

Some of the techniques alleged in the report were approved by top Defense Department officials during a brief period in 2002 and 2003, but the approval was later rescinded²⁶. The detainees quoted in the report, whose names are not revealed, indicate they were abused approximately between 2001 and 2004.

Rubenstein called on the U.S. government to compensate²⁷ the men, and to investigate and hold accountable those responsible for the alleged abuse.

"The truth of what happened to these men as human beings needs to come out," he added. "There has to be accountability for all responsible for what happened, not just the people on the site, the people up the chain of command, who either authorized²⁸ or condoned²⁹ what happened.

One of the doctors involved in the investigation¹⁷, Sondra Crosby, has spent 15 years working with victims of torture. She believes these allegations are credible, and says the "ongoing³⁰ suffering" of these men "is palpable."

"The magnitude of the horrific abuses - psychological, physical and sexual - that I saw when evaluating these men are the worst I've ever seen. And they have had a profound effect on me," she said.

The senior medical advisor³¹ to Physicians for Human Rights, Dr. Vince Iacopino, says the alleged involvement of medical personnel would be serious ethical³² violation³³.

"It's pretty clear, after looking at a number of those cases, how unwilling³⁴ the clinicians are to venture into the realm of protecting people and speaking out for their health and well-being," he said. "Rather, they are helping³⁵ to keep people in a state of fitness for the interrogation purpose."

The report says U.S. military medical workers administered injections without telling the detainees what drugs they were being given. It also charges that personnel who treated the detainees for routine medical problems and provided psychological counseling shared information with interrogators, who used it to increase pressure on the detainees. The Defense Department has said in the past that such activity is prohibited.