60秒科学:Jockey Positions Speed Up Horses

（单词翻译）

[Horse race bugle]
Horse racing¹ is a sport that’s 200 years old.
[Horse race announcer sounds]
And a day at the track is much more exciting now than it was back then.
[Horse race announcer sounds]
That’s because horses are faster than they used to be. Or are they? A study in the July 17th issue of Science shows that it’s the way that jockeys ride that’s made racing more heart-pounding than before.
Images from the late 1800s show that the boys in silks looked pretty relaxed as they went along for the ride. But modern jockeys—crouching², tightly coiled atop their galloping³ steeds—actively work to make sure their weight doesn’t slow things down. Using GPS to track the riders’ motions, scientists found that jockeys move out of phase with their mounts. That means that the horse doesn’t have to physically⁴ move the jockey through each cyclical stride. As a result, races are five to seven percent faster than they were 100 years ago.
Crouch
1. 蹲伏;弯腰;蜷伏[(+down)]
There was a cat crouching in the corner.
角落里蜷缩着一只猫。
2. 卑躬屈膝,谄媚奉承[(+to)]
The servant crouched⁵ to his master.
那仆人向主人低头哈腰。

Galloping: 迅速增加(或蔓延)的
Galloping inflation is pushing up prices.
急速通胀是价格不断上涨。