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（单词翻译）

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Adam Hinterthuer. Got a minute?

 

Since so many species in a food web are interconnected, the demise1 of a one can mean extinction2 for several others that depend on it for food. Thanks to things like climate change and habitat destruction, this "bottom-up extinction" has ecologists scrambling3 to save key species. Stefano Allesino says they may just want to Google the problem.

Speaking on August 4th at the Ecological4 Society of America's annual conference, Allesino outlined a new way to rank the species of an ecosystem5. Google uses a complicated algorithm to rank web pages that best match a query6. Basically, a single webpage ranks low, but rises in importance if a handful of other pages link to it. The highest ranked sites have thousands of these well-connected pages linked to them.

Inspired by this system, Allesino’s formula gives importance to a species if it supplies food to another. And, if that species serves as food for several organisms, it climbs up the rankings. Higher ranked species, says Allesino, should become the focus of conservation efforts. And that means there's finally a perk7 to being the foundation of the food web.

 

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Adam Hinterthuer.

 


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1 demise Cmazg     
n.死亡；v.让渡，遗赠，转让
参考例句：
  • He praised the union's aims but predicted its early demise.他赞扬协会的目标，但预期这一协会很快会消亡。
  • The war brought about the industry's sudden demise.战争道致这个行业就这么突然垮了。
2 extinction sPwzP     
n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种
参考例句：
  • The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
  • The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。
3 scrambling cfea7454c3a8813b07de2178a1025138     
v.快速爬行( scramble的现在分词 )；攀登；争夺；（军事飞机）紧急起飞
参考例句：
  • Scrambling up her hair, she darted out of the house. 她匆忙扎起头发，冲出房去。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • She is scrambling eggs. 她正在炒蛋。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 ecological IrRxX     
adj.生态的，生态学的
参考例句：
  • The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。
  • Each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.
5 ecosystem Wq4xz     
n.生态系统
参考例句：
  • This destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
  • We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。
6 query iS4xJ     
n.疑问，问号，质问；vt.询问，表示怀疑
参考例句：
  • I query very much whether it is wise to act so hastily.我真怀疑如此操之过急地行动是否明智。
  • They raised a query on his sincerity.他们对他是否真诚提出质疑。
7 perk zuSyi     
n.额外津贴；赏钱；小费；
参考例句：
  • His perks include a car provided by the firm.他的额外津贴包括公司提供的一辆汽车。
  • And the money is,of course,a perk.当然钱是额外津贴。

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