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SSS 2008-10-14

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(单词翻译)

 This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.

 

Spending your life hanging out at the seaside might sound like easy living. But for marine1 mussels, a day at the shore is no walk on the beach. Clinging to a boulder2 in the intertidal zone, a mussel might find that the temperature of its environment changes 50 degrees in a matter of hours, depending on whether it’s bathed in cool seawater or baking in the sun. To handle such challenges, mussels have evolved a sophisticated strategy for systematically3 turning on and off the genes5 they need to survive.

Scientists from the University of Southern California spent a few days sampling mussel beds just south of the Monterey Bay Aquarium6. Every few hours, they collected the mussels’ genetic7 material and spread it on a gene4 chip to figure out which genes were active, and when. To their surprise, they found that mussels coordinate8 their gene activity in waves, alternating between genes responsible for growing and genes responsible for eating. And the harsher the environment, the more pronounced the oscillations, results that appear in the October 9th issue of Current Biology. It’s not yet clear what drives these gene cycles. But it seems that even mussels know that you gotta ride the wave if you want to avoid a wipeout.

 

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

 


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1 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
2 boulder BNbzS     
n.巨砾;卵石,圆石
参考例句:
  • We all heaved together and removed the boulder.大家一齐用劲,把大石头搬开了。
  • He stepped clear of the boulder.他从大石头后面走了出来。
3 systematically 7qhwn     
adv.有系统地
参考例句:
  • This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
  • The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。
4 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子,基因
参考例句:
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
5 genes 01914f8eac35d7e14afa065217edd8c0     
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
6 aquarium Gvszl     
n.水族馆,养鱼池,玻璃缸
参考例句:
  • The first time I saw seals was in an aquarium.我第一次看见海豹是在水族馆里。
  • I'm going to the aquarium with my parents this Sunday.这个星期天,我要和父母一起到水族馆去。
7 genetic PgIxp     
adj.遗传的,遗传学的
参考例句:
  • It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
  • Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
8 coordinate oohzt     
adj.同等的,协调的;n.同等者;vt.协作,协调
参考例句:
  • You must coordinate what you said with what you did.你必须使你的言行一致。
  • Maybe we can coordinate the relation of them.或许我们可以调和他们之间的关系。

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