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（单词翻译）

 This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.

 

We’ve heard that a mother’s weight during pregnancy1 can influence the weight of her offspring. Now a study of rats shows that the fat content in a mom’s diet—regardless of her body weight—may permanently2 change the baby’s brain. These changes can lead to overeating and obesity3, according to research published in the November 12th issue of the journal Neuroscience.

Pregnant rats were split into two groups. One group received a balanced diet. The other got high fat-feed. The body weight of the moms remained the same. But the pups showed distinct brain differences. Those born to the moms fed a high-fat diet had a larger number of neurons that produce peptides that stimulate4 appetite. There was also an increased density5 of neuronal precursor6 cells in areas known to be linked to obesity. Those pups ended up eating and weighing more throughout life.

Researchers say that mother rats on a high-fat diet may be priming their offspring to metabolize and crave7 the same fatty foods. Perhaps today’s obesity epidemic8 gestated a generation ago.

 

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber.

 


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1 pregnancy lPwxP     
n.怀孕，怀孕期
参考例句：
  • Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
  • Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。
2 permanently KluzuU     
adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地
参考例句：
  • The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
  • The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。
3 obesity Dv1ya     
n.肥胖，肥大
参考例句：
  • One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
  • Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
4 stimulate wuSwL     
vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋
参考例句：
  • Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
  • Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。
5 density rOdzZ     
n.密集，密度，浓度
参考例句：
  • The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
  • The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。
6 precursor rPOx1     
n.先驱者；前辈；前任；预兆；先兆
参考例句：
  • Error is often the precursor of what is correct.错误常常是正确的先导。
  • He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。
7 crave fowzI     
vt.渴望得到，迫切需要，恳求，请求
参考例句：
  • Many young children crave attention.许多小孩子渴望得到关心。
  • You may be craving for some fresh air.你可能很想呼吸呼吸新鲜空气。
8 epidemic 5iTzz     
n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的
参考例句：
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

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