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SSS 2009-03-02

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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.

It’s like the molecular1 version of the Joker and the Riddler3 teaming up against Batman. Scientists at Yale University have discovered that amyloid beta, a protein involved in Alzheimer’s disease, can damage brain cells by binding4 to prion proteins, which are themselves infamous5 because, in their abnormal form, they cause things like mad cow disease.

Amyloid beta is best known as the protein that forms the giant plaques6 that riddle2 the brains of people with Alzheimer’s. Those plaques contain billions of copies of amyloid beta all stuck together in one gloppy mess. But the protein also exists in a more soluble7 form, either in single units or in small groups of 50 or 100. These smaller clusters don’t cause the same large-scale mayhem as plaques, but they do damage neurons, impairing8 their ability to learn. And the Yale researchers wanted to find out how.

They discovered that amyloid beta binds9 to the prion proteins normally found on neurons. What’s more, the prions ramp10 up amyloid beta’s neurotoxic effects. Take away the prions and amyloid-beta clusters are harmless, findings published in the journal Nature. So drugs that prevent this amyloid–prion coupling could be a potent11 weapon against Alzheimer’s.

Thanks for the minute for Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.

 


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1 molecular mE9xh     
adj.分子的;克分子的
参考例句:
  • The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
  • For the pressure to become zero, molecular bombardment must cease.当压强趋近于零时,分子的碰撞就停止了。
2 riddle WCfzw     
n.谜,谜语,粗筛;vt.解谜,给…出谜,筛,检查,鉴定,非难,充满于;vi.出谜
参考例句:
  • The riddle couldn't be solved by the child.这个谜语孩子猜不出来。
  • Her disappearance is a complete riddle.她的失踪完全是一个谜。
3 riddler 426c70c360c4b0c5ef58e6dc535cf520     
n.出迷(语)的人
参考例句:
  • There was Batman Forever, in which he inherited the role of The Riddler. 其中包括《永远的蝙蝠侠》,该片中他继承了在《猜谜者》中的角色风格。
  • For the so-called World's Greatest Detective, the real foe is Edward Nigma, aka The Riddler. 对于世界上最伟大的侦探,真正的敌人是爱德华~尼格玛,也就是谜语人。
4 binding 2yEzWb     
有约束力的,有效的,应遵守的
参考例句:
  • The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
  • Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。
5 infamous K7ax3     
adj.声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的,邪恶的
参考例句:
  • He was infamous for his anti-feminist attitudes.他因反对女性主义而声名狼藉。
  • I was shocked by her infamous behaviour.她的无耻行径令我震惊。
6 plaques cc23efd076b2c24f7ab7a88b7c458b4f     
(纪念性的)匾牌( plaque的名词复数 ); 纪念匾; 牙斑; 空斑
参考例句:
  • Primary plaques were detectable in 16 to 20 hours. 在16到20小时内可查出原发溶斑。
  • The gondoliers wore green and white livery and silver plaques on their chests. 船夫们穿着白绿两色的制服,胸前别着银质徽章。
7 soluble LrMya     
adj.可溶的;可以解决的
参考例句:
  • These tablets are soluble in water.这些药片可在水中溶解。
  • Camphor is soluble in alcohol.樟脑在酒精中可以溶化。
8 impairing 1c718d732bc6f6805835f8be6ef6e43e     
v.损害,削弱( impair的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Carbon monoxide is definitely capable of impairing cardiovascular function. 一氧化碳确实能损害心血管机能。 来自辞典例句
  • Could it be effected without impairing his reputation as well as his fortune? 他能否不损害他的声誉和财富而办到这一点呢? 来自辞典例句
9 binds c1d4f6440575ef07da0adc7e8adbb66c     
v.约束( bind的第三人称单数 );装订;捆绑;(用长布条)缠绕
参考例句:
  • Frost binds the soil. 霜使土壤凝结。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Stones and cement binds strongly. 石头和水泥凝固得很牢。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 ramp QTgxf     
n.暴怒,斜坡,坡道;vi.作恐吓姿势,暴怒,加速;vt.加速
参考例句:
  • That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
  • The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。
11 potent C1uzk     
adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的
参考例句:
  • The medicine had a potent effect on your disease.这药物对你的病疗效很大。
  • We must account of his potent influence.我们必须考虑他的强有力的影响。

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