新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第22课

（单词翻译）

　　Lesson 22 Window in the Sea 海洋之窗
There has long been a superstition¹ among mariners³ that porpoises⁵ will save drowning men by pushing them to the surface, or protect them from sharks by surrounding them in defensive⁶ formation. Marine² Studio biologists have pointed⁷ out that, however intelligent they may be, it is probably a mistake to credit dolphins with any motive⁸ of life-saving. On the occasions when they have pushed to shore an unconscious human being they have much more likely done it out of curiosity or for sport,as in riding the bow waves of a ship. In 1928 some porpoises were photographed working like beavers⁹ to push ashore¹⁰ a waterlogged mattress¹¹. If, as has been reported, they have protected humans from sharks, it may have been because curiosity attracted them and because the scent¹² of a possible meal attracted the sharks. Porpoises and sharks are natural enemies. It is possible that upon such an occasion a battle ensued, with the sharks being driven away or killed.
Whether it be bird, fish or beast, the porpoise⁴ is intrigued¹⁴ with anything that is alive. They are constantly after the turtles, the Ferdinands of marine life, who peacefully submit to all sorts of indignities¹⁵. One young calf¹⁶ especially enjoyed raising a turtle to the surface with his snout and then shoving him across the tank like an aquaplane. Almost any day a young porpoise may be seen trying to turn a 300-pound sea turtle over by sticking his snout under the edge of his shell and pushing up for dear life. This is not easy, and may require two porpoises working together. In another game, as the turtle swims across the oceanarium, the first porpoise swoops¹⁸ down from above and butts²⁰ his shell with his belly²¹. This knocks the turtle down several feet. He no sooner recovers his equilibrium²² than the next porpoise comes along and hits him another crack. Eventually the turtle has been butted²³ all the way down to the floor of the tank. He is now satis-fied merely to try to stand up, but as soon as he does so a porpoise knocks him flat. The turtle at last gives up by pulling his feet under his shell and the game is over.
porpoise  n. 海豚 ?总称词(general) : dolphin  n. 海豚科动物 / human --> man? woman
shark  n. 鲨鱼 / he is a shark 他是个大骗子
Marine Studio 海洋摄影室 marine 海洋 submarine 潜水艇 marine product 海产品    fresh marine product 海鲜 mariner/sailor/seaman 水手
studio: 工作室
unconscious  a. 不省人事 <辨> conscientious²⁴ 有良知的
narcose 昏迷的
insensible
beaver  n. 海狸
ashore  ad. 上岸 / 只要具有a+动词/形容词，都是表语词 asleep, awake, acrawl, afloat, adrift 都具有表语特点 ，只能说he is 不能用定语结构，不能说asleep man.
scent  n. 香味 scent 身体发出味道fragrance-flower, tree, grass,香山 fragrant²⁵ hills. / aroma²⁶ 强烈的味道 / perfume : 香水（aroma）
ensue  vt. 接着发生 ensue year: 来年（following year）
preceding year : 前一年
intrigue¹³ vt. 引起兴趣  正式新闻体journalism²⁷常用 / 普通arrest, capture, seize, grab，attention
The event is intriguing²⁸ (interesting)
turtle  n. 海龟 turtle-neck : 高领毛衣
indignity²⁹  n.侮辱 dignity 尊严 / It is beneath his dignity for a gentleman to lie.
stand on one’s dignity 保持尊严/
He stood on his dignity by rejecting the money his gived him.
It is an indignity to say sorry in public.
lose face , humiliation³⁰ , insult 侮辱
shove  vt.  硬推 There was much shoving on getting on the bus. / He shoved me to the ground.
aquaplane  n. 驾浪滑水板 aqua 水+plane 木板
stick  vt. 把------插入 I got the wrong end of the stick.我听不懂。
I stick at home. / I stick to my word. 我说话算数。
I’m stuck on the movie.这部影片让我着迷。
stick on: 迷恋 /The bad habit sticks to me . 这个坏习惯我就是改不了。
shell  n. 动物身上的甲 bone and shell script 甲骨文
for dear life 拼命地 dear 宝贵的 chase sb. for dear life ./ dear enemy 天敌
oceanarium  n. 水族馆 ocean + arium / rium:地点 stadium 工体 gymnasium :体育馆
swoop¹⁷  vi 猛扑 pounce³¹ 狮子老虎扑 海洋动物用swoop
butt¹⁹  vt. 碰撞 I butt him in the stomach. / Can I butting³² (interrupt)?
belly  n. 腹部 under chest; beer belly, belly laugh  / stomach 胃
abdomen³³医学用语, paunch大腹便便
crack  n. 重击  crack case 破案 / crack bottle 开瓶 / crack smile: 绽放笑容
crack book : 读书 / crack English : speak quickly , clearly, loudly
1. There has long been…
long 表完成时 = for a long time, for long, 一般在助动词后
2. superstition : 迷信
3. 同位语从句 …mariners that ….
4. formation : 阵形 defensive : 防御型的 offensive : 进攻型的
5. however = no matter how
6. intelligent : 聪明 credit : 给…颁发奖赏 credit with
7. on the occasions (场合),接后置定语时只能用when, 不能用where
8. out of curiosity:出于好奇 out of instinct 出于本能 out of conscience 出于良心
9. bow waves of a ship 船头滑过的波浪 ，乘风破浪前进
10. waterlogged : 浸透的 mattress 木排，柴排
11. Whether it be… = Whether it(may/might) be… 表让步 ，无论是
12. constantly 不停地 be after 追逐
13. Ferdinands : bull 西班牙的斗牛 ，引申为容易受欺负的人
14. calf : 不到一岁的小动物
15. snout : 嘴 tank : 水池
16. equilibrium : 平衡 equal 是词头
17. no sooner than : as soon as  , scarcely / hardly… when  当…就
18. eventually : 最终（故事描叙一般用）， 普通口语可用finally
19. 第二段篇幅过大 ，用superstition不严密，应该换成legend。
20. 写文章一点要写清目的性：where, when , what time ….