21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册 Unit7

（单词翻译）

Unit 7

Text A

Listening

First Listening
Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.

chase
追逐

back up
支持；证明

eraser
橡皮

incredibly
难以置信地

incident
事件

Second Listening
Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

1. How did their new white neighbors treat the author's family?
A) Both the adults and the children were welcoming.
B) The adults were welcoming, but the children were unfriendly.
C) The adults were unfriendly, but the children were welcoming.
D) Both the adults and the children were unfriendly.
2. How did Miss Bean treat the black student in class?
A) She ignored him.
B) She asked him only easy questions.
C) She asked him difficult questions.
D) She apologized for the other students' behavior.
3. How did Miss Bean teach the author to think for himself?
A) She made him memorize sayings about the old west.
B) She made him give his opinions and tell why he thought that way.
C) She made him study the history of France.
D) She threw an eraser at him.
4. After Miss Bean threw the eraser, how was the school different?
A) Miss Bean had a new nickname.
B) The other students were more friendly towards the black student.
C) Everyone paid more attention in Miss Bean's class.
D) Both A) and B).

Pre-reading Questions

1. Have you ever been in a situation where you were considered "different" from everyone else? What happened? How did you feel?
2. What happened to the writer when he was 12 years old? Skim the first paragraph to find out.
3. How did he feel at that time? Skim the second paragraph to find out. How do you think you'd have felt in his position?

J Became Her Target

Roger Wilkins

My favorite teacher's name was "Dead-Eye" Bean. Her real name was Dorothy. She taught American history to eighth graders in a junior high school in Grand Rapids, Michigan. It was the fall of 1944, Franklin D. Roosevelt was president; American troops were battling their way across France; I was a 12-year-old black newcomer in a school that was otherwise all white. When we moved in, the problem for our new neighbors was that their neighborhood had previously¹ been all-white and they were ignorant about black people. The prevailing² wisdom in the neighborhood was that we were spoiling it and that we ought to go back where we belonged. There was a lot of angry talk among the adults, but nothing much came of it.
But some of the kids were quite nasty during those first few weeks. They threw stones at me, chased me home when I was on foot and spat³ on my bike seat when I was in class. For a time, I was a pretty lonely, friendless and sometimes frightened kid.
I now know that Dorothy Bean understood most of that and deplored⁵ it. So things began to change when I walked into her classroom. She was a pleasant-looking single woman, who looked old and wrinkled to me at the time, but who was probably about 40.
Whereas my other teachers approached the problem of easing in their new black pupil by ignoring him for the first few weeks, Miss Bean went right at me. On the morning after having read our first assignment, she asked me the first question. I later came to know that in Grand Rapids, she was viewed as a very liberal person who believed, among other things, that Negroes were equal.
I gulped⁷ and answered her question and the follow-up. They weren't brilliant answers, but they did establish the fact that I could speak English. Later in the hour, when one of my classmates had bungled⁹ an answer, Miss Bean came back to me with a question that required me to clean up the girl's mess and established me as a smart person.
Thus, the teacher began to give me human dimensions, though not perfect ones for an eighth grader. It was somewhat better to be, on one's early days, a teacher's pet than merely a dark presence in the back of the room.
A few days later, Miss Bean became the first teacher ever to require me to think. She asked my opinion about something Jefferson had done. In those days, all my opinions were derivative¹⁰. I was for Roosevelt because my parents were and I was for the Yankees because my older buddy¹¹ from Harlem was a Yankee fan. Besides, we didn't have opinions about historical figures like Jefferson. Like our high school building, he just was.
After I had stared at her for a few seconds, she said: "Well, should he have bought Louisiana or not?"
"I guess so," I replied tentatively.
"Why?" she shot back.
Why! What kind of question was that? But I ventured an answer. Day after day, she kept doing that to me, and my answers became stronger and more confident. She was the first teacher to give me the sense that thinking was part of education and that I could form opinions that had some value.
Her final service to me came on a day when my mind was wandering and I was idly digging my pencil into the writing surface on the arm of my chair. Miss Bean impulsively¹² threw a hunk of gum eraser at me. By amazing chance, it hit my hand and sent the pencil flying. She gasped¹³, and I crept hurriedly after my pencil as the class roared.
That was the ice breaker. Afterward¹⁴, kids came up to me to laugh about "Old Dead-Eye Bean." The incident became a legend, and I, a part of that story, became a person to talk to.
So that's how I became just another kid in school and Dorothy Bean became "Old Dead-Eye."
(698 words)

New Words

dead-eye
a. 神射手的

grader
n. （美）（中小学的）…年级学生

ignorant
a. (of, about) knowing little or nothing 无知的

wisdom
n. 1. an idea or opinion 看法，意见
2. 智慧

spoil
vt. 1. cause to become of no use or value; ruin 损坏；糟蹋
2. give a child whatever it wants, or let them do what it wants, with the result that it behaves badly 庞坏，溺爱

*nasty
a. unkind and unpleasant towards other people 凶恶的

chase
vt. follow rapidly in order to catch 追赶，追逐

deplore⁴
vt. 哀叹，对…深感遗憾

whereas
conj.although; while 虽然；而

view
vt. consider; regard; think about 看待；考虑

liberal
a. willing to respect the ideas and feelings of others 开明的

gulp⁶
vi. 喘不过气，哽住

follow-up
n. 紧接着的问题；后续事物

bungle⁸
vt. do sth. badly 把…搞糟

mess
n. a state of disorder¹⁵ or confusion 凌乱，一团糟

dimension
n. characteristic; quality 特点，特性

pet
n. 1. (often derog.) a person treated with special favour, esp. in a way that seems unfair to others 得宠的人，宠儿
2. an animal kept by a person in the home as a companion 爱畜，宠物

merely
ad. only and nothing else 仅仅，只不过

presence
n. the fact or state of being present 存在；出席；到场

derivative
a. derived¹⁶ from sth. else; not original 被引申出的；派生的；缺乏独创性的；第二手的

buddy
n. a friend 好朋友，伙伴

tentatively
ad. hesitantly 犹豫地，迟疑不决地

venture
vt. take the risk of saying (sth. that may be opposed or considered foolish) 大胆说，不揣冒昧说出

confident
a. feeling or showing trust in oneself or one's ability 自信的；有信心的

impulsively
ad. 一时冲动地

hunk
n. a large piece of sth. that is cut from a whole（一）大片，（一）厚块

gum
n. 橡胶，口香糖

eraser
n. 橡皮；黑板擦

gum eraser
橡皮

*gasp
vi. catch the breath suddenly, esp. because of surprise, shock, etc. 急促地吸气，倒抽一口气

creep(crept)
vi. move slowly and quietly with the body close to the ground 爬行，匍匐潜行

roar
vi. laugh long and loudly; laugh in a noisy way 大笑，狂笑
ice breaker
n. 破冰船；打破僵局的东西，使气氛开始活跃的言行

afterward(s)
ad. later; after that 后来；以后

*legend
n. 传奇故事；传说

Phrases and Expressions

battle one's way
一路奋战

move in
begin to live in a new place 迁入，搬进

come of
result from 产生；是…的结果

ease in
（小心翼翼地）使逐步适应

go at
rush at 向…冲来

among other things
除了别的以外；其中

clean up
make clean or tidy 把…打扫干净；清理

day after day
continuously 日复一日地

by chance
by accident, accidentally 偶然，碰巧

Proper Names

Roger Wilkins
罗杰·威尔金斯（人名）

Dorothy Bean
多萝西·毕恩（人名）

Grand Rapids
大瀑布城（美国密执安州西南部城市）

密执安州（美国州名）

Jefferson
杰斐逊（1743 - 1826，美国第三任总统 [1801 - 1809]，《独立宣言》主要起草人）

Roosevelt， Franklin D.
富兰克林·D·罗斯福（1882 - 1945，美国第三十二任总统 [1933 - 1945]）

Yankees, the
（纽约）扬基队（美国职业棒球队）

Harlem
哈莱姆（美国纽约市的一个黑人居住区）

Louisiana
路易斯安那州（美国州名）