21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册 Unit7

（单词翻译）

UNIT 7

Text A

Pre-reading Activities
First Listening
1. As you listen to Part One of the tape, try to figure out what the words blrk and blurking mean.

Second Listening
2. Now listen to Part Two, and work out what porfing is.

Thinking: A Neglected Art

Carolyn Kane

It is generally agreed that the American education system is in deep trouble. Everyone is aware of the horrible facts: school systems are running out of money, teachers can't spell, students can't read, high school graduates can't even find China on the map.
Most of us know, or think we know, who is to blame: liberal courts, spineless school boards, ridiculous government regulations. It's easy to select a bad guy.
But possibly the problem lies not so much in our institutions as in our attitudes. It is sad that although most of us claim that we believe in education, we place no value on intellectual activity.
We Americans are a charitable and humane¹ people: We have institutions devoted² to every good cause from rescuing homeless cats to preventing World War III. But what have we done to promote the art of thinking? Certainly we make no room for thought in our daily lives. Suppose a man were to say to his friends, "I'm not going to PTA tonight (or the baseball game, or whatever) because I need some time to myself, some time to think"? Such a man would be shunned⁴ by his neighbors; his family would be ashamed of him. What if a teenager were to say, "I'm not going to the dance tonight because I need some time to think"? His parents would immediately start looking in the Yellow Pages for a psychiatrist⁵.
Several years ago a college administrator⁶ told me that if he wanted to do any serious thinking, he had to get up at 5:30 in the morning — I suppose because that was the only time when no one would interrupt him. More recently I heard a professor remark that when his friends catch him in the act of reading a book, they say, "My, it must be nice to have so much free time." And even though I am an English teacher — a person who should know better — I find myself feeling vaguely⁷ guilty whenever I sneak⁸ off to the library to read. It is a common belief that if a man is thinking or reading, he is doing nothing. Through our words and our actions, we express this attitude every day of our lives. Then we wonder why our children refuse to take their studies seriously and why they say to their teachers, "Why do I need to learn this stuff? It won't do me any good; I'll never need it."
It's easy to understand the reasons for this prejudice against thinking. One problem is that to most of us, thinking looks suspiciously like doing nothing. A human being in deep thought is an uninspiring sight. He leans back in his chair, props¹⁰ up his feet, puffs¹² on his pipe and stares into space. He gives every appearance of wasting time. Besides, he's leaving all the hard work for us! We wish he would get up and do something useful — clean the house, maybe, or mow¹³ the lawn. Our resentment¹⁴ is natural.
But thinking is far different from laziness. Thinking is one of the most productive activities a human being can undertake. Every beautiful and useful thing we have created exists because somebody took the time and effort to think of it.
And thinking does require time and effort. It's a common misconception that if a person is "gifted" or "bright" or "talented," wonderful ideas will flash spontaneously into his mind. Unfortunately, the intellect doesn't work this way. Even Einstein had to study and think for months before he could formulate¹⁵ his theory of relativity. Those of us who are less intelligent find it a struggle to conceive even a moderately good idea, let alone a brilliant one.
Another reason why we distrust thinking is that it seems unnatural¹⁶. Human beings are a social species, but thinking is an activity that people do best when they're alone. Consequently, we worry about people who like to think. It disturbs us to meet a person who deliberately¹⁷ chooses to sit alone and think instead of going to a party or a soccer match. We suspect that such a person needs counseling. In addition, such people can sometimes appear unfriendly — and that makes us deeply uneasy.
Our concern is misplaced. Intelligence is just as much a part of human nature as friendliness¹⁸. It would certainly be unnatural for someone to totally isolate¹⁹ themselves. But it would be equally unnatural for a person to allow his mind to die of neglect.
If Americans ever became convinced of the importance of thought, we would probably find ways to solve the problems of our schools, problems that now seem impossible to overcome. But how can we revive interest in the art of thinking? The best place to start would be in the home. Family members should practice saying such things as," I'll wash the dishes tonight because I know you want to catch up on your thinking."
This may sound crazy. But if we are to survive as a free people, we will have to take some such course of action as soon as possible, because regardless of what some advertisers have led us to believe, this country does not run on oil. It runs on ideas.
(870 words)

New Words

spineless
a. 1. lacking courage and determination 没有骨气的
2. 无脊椎的

*spine
n. 脊柱；脊椎

ridiculous
a. deserving to be laughed at; absurd 可笑的；荒谬的，荒唐的

regulation
n. a rule or restriction²⁰ 规章；规则

regulate
v. l. 调节，调校，调整
2. 控制，管理

regulator
n. 调节器，校准器

guy
n. (infml., esp. AmE) a man; fellow （主美）男人；人

chartable
a. 1. generous in giving money, food, etc. to other people 慷慨施舍的，慈善的
2. kind in one's attitude to others 仁慈的，慈爱的

humane
a. having or showing sympathy, kindness and understanding 富于同情心的；仁慈的

promote
vt. help the progress of; encourage or support 促进；提倡

shun³
vt. keep away from; avoid 避开，回避；避免

*psychiatrist
n. 精神科医生，精神病专家

*psychiatric
a. 精神病的

*psychic
a. 1. 精神的，心灵的
2. 超自然的

administrator
n. a person responsible for managing public or business affairs 行政官员；管理人

administration
n. 1. the control or direction of affairs, as of a country or business 行政；管理；经营
2. the supervision²¹ group of a company or institution; the national government 行政机关；政府

vaguely
ad. not precisely²², not distinctly, more or less 含糊地；模糊地；多少

vague
a. 1. not clearly described, expressed, felt or understood 含糊的；不清楚的
2. not clear in shape or form 模糊的

*sneak
vi. go somewhere quietly and/or secretly 潜行，溜

stuff
n. 1. （无用的）东西
2. material of which sth. is made 原料；材料

suspiciously
ad. 猜疑地；可疑地

*suspicious
a. 1. (of) not trusting 猜疑的，疑心的
2. causing sb. to think that there is sth. wrong 容易引起怀疑的；可疑的

prop⁹
vt. (up) support 架起，支起

appearance
n. 1. the outward form sb. or sth. has 外表，外观
2. 出现，露面

mow
vt. 刈（草坪等处）的草

lawn
n. an area of short, regularly cut grass in the garden of a house or in a public park 草坪

resentment
n. a feeling of anger because one feels that he is treated badly or unfairly and cannot do anything about it 忿恨，怨愤

misconception
n. an idea which is wrong or untrue 错误想法，误解

flash
vi. 1. move or pass very quickly 闪现；突现
2. give or produce a bright light 闪光；闪烁

spontaneously
ad. 自动地；自发地

*spontaneous
a. done out of natural feelings or causes without planning or arrangement 自发的；不由自主的

*Intellect
n. 1. the ability to understand or deal with ideas and information 智力，才智
2. a person of high intelligence and reasoning power 有才智的人

*formulate
vt. 1. express (a thought, idea, etc.) clearly and exactly using particular words 确切地阐述（或表达），阐发
2. develop (a plan, policy, etc.) 制订（计划、政策等）

relativity
n. 相对性；相对论

moderately
ad. not extremely; to some extent 适度地；一般地

moderate
a. 1. of middle degree, power, or rate; neither large or small, high or low, fast or slow, etc. 中等的；普通的；一般的
2. (done or kept) within sensible limits 适度的，不过分的；有节制的
3. (of political opinions or policies) not extreme and concerned with slow or small changes in the system 不激进的，稳健的
v. (cause to) become less extreme and violent or more acceptable （使）和缓；减弱

species
n. ［单复同］ 物种

deliberately
ad. intentionally²³, on purpose 有意地，故意地

soccer
n. (AmE) football （美）英式足球

counsel
v. give (usually professional) advice to sb. who has a problem 提出建议（或劝告）

isolate
vt. (often pass.) 1. cause to be alone or separated from others ［常被动］使孤立；使脱离
2. keep apart from other people so that a disease will not spread 使隔离

regardless
a. (of) without worrying (about), despite 不顾；不论

Phrases and Expressions

be in trouble
having difficulties or problems 处于困境中，有麻烦

run out (of sth.)
have no more (of sth.); use all (of sth.) 用完；耗尽

lie in
exist in; be found in 在于

believe in
have faith or trust in; consider to be true, valuable, important, etc. 信任；信赖；相信…的真实性

make (no) room for
find (no) space or time for （不）给…让出地方或时间

sneak off to
go somewhere secretly 偷偷溜往

prop up
support from falling 支撑；支持

puff¹¹ on
draw smoke through (a pipe, cigarette, etc.) （一口一口地）抽（烟斗、香烟等）

give every appearance of
show (a certain result) from what can be seen or known 显示出…的迹象

let alone
not to mention, not to speak of 更别提，更不用说

become /be convinced of sth.
become/feel certain that sth. is true 确信某事是真实的

catch up on
spend time doing (sth.) which has been left undone or neglected 弥补（耽搁下来的工作、睡眠等），赶完

regardless of
without acknowledging; despite, in spite of 不顾；不论

Proper Names

Carolyn Kane
卡罗琳·凯恩

PTA = (Parent-Teacher Association)
家长教师联谊会

Yellow Pages
黄页电话簿（专载公司、厂商等电话用户的名称及号码并附有广告的电话号簿）