亚当和夏娃（Adam and Eve）的来历

时间：2012-11-16 03:33:38

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亚当和夏娃（Adam and Eve）的来历

犹太教－基督教和伊斯兰教传统中最早的人类夫妇。关于创造亚当和夏娃的经过，〈创世记〉上有两种叙述。第一种说法是上帝在创世的第六天“照着自己的形象造男造女”。第二种说法是上帝把伊甸园（Garden of Eden）交给亚当掌管，并取下他的一根肋骨，他创造了伴侣夏娃。后来夏娃受引诱吃了善恶禁果，上帝随即惩罚了他们∶自此他们及后世皆须被迫辛勤工作以维生。他们的孩子是该隐和亚伯（Cain and Abel）。基督教神学家以亚当和夏娃的故事为基础，发展了原罪（original sin）理论。而《可兰经》则教导人们亚当的罪仅仅是他一人之罪，并不使所有人都成罪人。

　 In the Judeo-Christian¹ and Islamic traditions， the parents of the human race. Genesis gives two versions of their creation. In the first， God creates “male and female in his own image” on the sixth day. In the second， Adam is placed in the Garden of Eden， and Eve is later created from his rib² to ease his loneliness. For succumbing³ to temptation and eating the fruit of the forbidden tree of knowledge of good and evil， God banished⁴ them from Eden， and they and their descendants were forced to live lives of hardship. Cain and Abel were their children. Christian theologians developed the doctrine⁵ of original sin based on the story of their transGREssion⁶； in contrast， the Quran teaches that Adam's sin was his alone and did not make all people sinners.

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1 Christian
adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒
参考例句：
They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。 His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

2 rib
n.肋骨，肋状物
参考例句：
He broke a rib when he fell off his horse.他从马上摔下来折断了一根肋骨。 He has broken a rib and the doctor has strapped it up.他断了一根肋骨，医生已包扎好了。

3 succumbing
不再抵抗（诱惑、疾病、攻击等）( succumb的现在分词 )；屈从；被压垮；死
参考例句：
Mrs. Smith washed and ironed clothes for him, succumbing to him. 史密斯太太被他迷住了，愿意为他洗衣烫衣。 They would not in the end abandon their vital interests by succumbing to Soviet blandishment. 他们最终决不会受苏联人的甜言蜜语的诱惑，从而抛弃自己的切身利益。

4 banished
v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
He was banished to Australia, where he died five years later. 他被流放到澳大利亚，五年后在那里去世。 He was banished to an uninhabited island for a year. 他被放逐到一个无人居住的荒岛一年。来自《简明英汉词典》

5 doctrine
n.教义；主义；学说
参考例句：
He was impelled to proclaim his doctrine.他不得不宣扬他的教义。 The council met to consider changes to doctrine.宗教议会开会考虑更改教义。

6 transgression
n.违背；犯规；罪过
参考例句：
The price can make an action look more like a transaction than a transgression.罚款让一个行为看起来更像是一笔交易而不是一次违法行为。 The areas of transgression are indicated by wide spacing of the thickness contours.那幢摩天大楼高耸入云。