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VOA标准英语2012--World Prematurity Day Aims to Lower Rates of Premature Births

时间：2012-11-22 08:28:53

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World Prematurity1 Day Aims to Lower Rates of Premature2 Births

This tiny newborn is one of more than 15 million babies who start their lives with a major disadvantage...being born too soon.

Preterm birth is the greatest killer3 of newborns around the world, yet most of these babies could be saved, according to Dr. Joy Lawn with Save the Children.

"Most of those babies don't need intensive care," said Lawn. "They could be saved with 'kangaroo-mother' care.. tying the baby to the mother's front, being able to breast feed, better weight gain, better temperature control, avoiding infections." 

An international coalition4 observes World Prematurity Day on November 17. It's part of a global effort to reduce the number of premature births worldwide and to save the one of every ten newborns who are delivered prematurely5.

Christopher Howsen is an epidemiologist with the March of Dimes6.

"There's a lot that can be done with respect to prevention and the key for that begins in high-income countries," said Howsen.

Howsen is one of the co-authors of a recent study about prematurity published in the British medical journal, The Lancet. The study recommends five proven ways to reduce premature birth rates. These include ending elective cesarean sections and induced labor7 deliveries before 39 weeks of gestation8. Both practices have become fairly common in high income countries. 

New research finds that for normal development, babies need at least 39 weeks in the womb. Jennifer Howse is president of the March of Dimes Foundation.

"Full brain development, lung development does not take place until at least 39 weeks of completed gestation," said Howse. 

Other proven ways to reduce the number of premature births include limiting the number of embryos9 transferred to the womb during in vitro fertilizations, quitting tobacco use and limiting weight gain during pregnancy10 and making sure women have good health care before and throughout their pregnancies11. Howsen says the data came from high income countries but the knowledge can be applied12 everywhere.

"These are issues that are also becoming issues of middle and even low-income countries," Howse added.

For those observing World Prematurity Day, a Facebook page lets people go online to share their stories about babies who are born too soon. It's a simple and effective way to put a human face on the issue of prematurity. 


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1 prematurity 954a29b6b6578fd72400607352b1ffa5     
n.早熟，过早，早开花
参考例句：
  • Associated anomalies and prematurity significantly influence the mortality rate. 并发畸形与早产儿显著地影响死亡率。 来自辞典例句
  • Prematurity may also result in visual impairment or blindness. 早产也可导致视力障碍或失明。 来自互联网
2 premature FPfxV     
adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的
参考例句：
  • It is yet premature to predict the possible outcome of the dialogue.预言这次对话可能有什么结果为时尚早。
  • The premature baby is doing well.那个早产的婴儿很健康。
3 killer rpLziK     
n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者
参考例句：
  • Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
  • The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。
4 coalition pWlyi     
n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合
参考例句：
  • The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
  • Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。
5 prematurely nlMzW4     
adv.过早地，贸然地
参考例句：
  • She was born prematurely with poorly developed lungs. 她早产，肺部未发育健全。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • His hair was prematurely white, but his busy eyebrows were still jet-black. 他的头发已经白了，不过两道浓眉还是乌黑乌黑的。 来自辞典例句
6 dimes 37551f2af09566bec564431ef9bd3d6d     
n.（美国、加拿大的）10分铸币( dime的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Pennies, nickles, dimes and quarters are United States coins. 1分铜币、5分镍币、1角银币和2角5分银币是美国硬币。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • In 1965 the mint stopped putting silver in dimes. 1965年，铸币厂停止向10分硬币中加入银的成分。 来自辞典例句
7 labor P9Tzs     
n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦
参考例句：
  • We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
  • He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。
8 gestation L6ey2     
n.怀孕；酝酿
参考例句：
  • The gestation period can be anything between 95 and 150 days.妊娠期从95天至150天不等。
  • This film was two years in gestation.这部电影酝酿了两年。
9 embryos 0e62a67414ef42288b74539e591aa30a     
n.晶胚；胚，胚胎( embryo的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Somatic cells of angiosperms enter a regenerative phase and behave like embryos. 被子植物体细胞进入一个生殖阶段，而且其行为象胚。 来自辞典例句
  • Evolution can explain why human embryos look like gilled fishes. 进化论能够解释为什么人类的胚胎看起来象除去了内脏的鱼一样。 来自辞典例句
10 pregnancy lPwxP     
n.怀孕，怀孕期
参考例句：
  • Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
  • Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。
11 pregnancies 2fedeb45162c233ee9e28d81888a2d2c     
怀孕，妊娠( pregnancy的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Since the wartime population needed replenishment, pregnancies were a good sign. 最后一桩倒不失为好现象，战时人口正该补充。
  • She's had three pregnancies in four years. 她在四年中怀孕叁次。
12 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的；v.应用，适用
参考例句：
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

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