VOA标准英语2013--美国与中国因海上问题紧张局势加剧

（单词翻译）

US, China Raise Tensions Over Maritime¹ Issues 美国与中国因海上问题紧张局势加剧

U.S. Secretary of Defense² Chuck Hagel calls China's actions in a near-collision in the South China Sea irresponsible. He also warned that such incidents could  aggravate tensions in the region. This latest episode could test the increased U.S. emphasis on Asia.

The crew of the USS Cowpens was observing the Chinese carrier Liaoning on December 5, and Secretary of Defense Hagel says that's when another Chinese vessel³ cut across  the bow.  "That action by the Chinese, cutting in front of, their ship, 100 yards in front of the Cowpens was not a responsible action. It was unhelpful, it was irresponsible,"  said Hagel.

A Chinese Foreign Ministry⁴ spokeswoman downplayed the incident.

"China has always respected normal naval⁵ and air passage and freedom of navigation, which is in line with international law," she said.

U.S. ships monitor Chinese activities from international waters in the South China Sea and the East China Sea.

China finds that unacceptable, says Rick Fisher, senior fellow at the International Assessment⁶ and Strategy Center.

"In both areas, the Chinese air and naval forces have tried to interfere⁷ with American intelligence collection, and I expect that this kind of cat-versus-mouse contest  will continue.  And, if the Chinese decide, it could get rough," said Fisher.

At the Pentagon, Secretary Hagel says such confrontations⁸ are risky⁹.

"What we don't want is some miscalculation here to occur and when you have a Cowpens issue that's the kind of thing that's very incendiary that could be a trigger or a  spark that could set off some eventual¹⁰ miscalculation," he said.

Asia expert Richard Cronin agrees.

"There's a high possibility of some incident, which probably wouldn't escalate¹¹ into a war between the U.S. and China but could certainly involve some shooting and  leave a lot of diplomatic wreckage¹² behind," said Cronin.

Cronin, who directs the Stimson Center's Southeast Asia Program, says China also is projecting power by declaring an air defense identification zone in the East China  Sea over islands administered by Japan.

"So it's all about pushing us out, and it's also about trying to expand the rights it's entitled to," he said.

The U.S. rejects the air defense zone.  As part of the Obama administration's so-called Asia pivot¹³, Secretary of State John Kerry recently visited Vietnam and the  Philippines, pledging $70 million in security aid.

"The zone should not be implemented¹⁴, and China should refrain from taking similar unilateral actions elsewhere in the region, and particularly over the South China  Sea," said Kerry.

Rick Fisher says China's military buildup helps justify¹⁵ Washington's pivot.

"But as China ramps¹⁶ up its actions, as it increases its pressure, it is in turn putting more pressure on the United States to reconsider defense cuts, to reconsider  its strategy and to accelerate military preparations," he said.

With increased U.S. and Chinese military activity raising the potential for accidental clashes, Asian neighbors Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam and the Philippines remain on  guard.