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美国航空航天局科学家测试新型飞机

时间：2014-04-02 05:07:08

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（单词翻译）

 　　美国航空航天局科学家测试新型飞机

       The U.S Aeronautics1 and Space Administration, NASA, is commonly associated with space exploration, but aeronautics is still a big part of the agency’s research. Engineers at its Aeronautics Research Center, in Hampton, Virginia, are testing new ideas that someday may produce lighter2, quieter and less polluting aircraft.

　　By 2030, NASA would like to see planes that burn 60 to 70 percent less fuel, pollute less and are quieter than 2005 models.
　　Scientists say achieving those goals calls for lightweight materials, better aerodynamics, new kinds of fuels and alternative aircraft configurations4.
　　In NASA's huge Transonic Dynamics3 Wind Tunnel, engineers are testing a new design of airplane wing made of a composite material that is considerably5 lighter than the industry standard, aluminum6 alloy7.
　　Senior aerospace8 engineer Robert C. Scott says in the future, wings will likely be made out of materials like this.
　　“With advances in material, advances in design and analysis capability9 and the need for higher efficiency, you’re driving yourself toward very lightweight designs," said Scott.
　　One of those designs is the long, truss-supported wing, says project scientist Richard Wahls.
　　“That allows you to stiffen10 the wing, keep the wing thin, grow the span to reduce drag," said Wahls.
　　If someone decides to build one of these advanced configurations, they will be able to use the results of tests done by NASA.
　　In another part of the center, researchers are testing a new way of manufacturing composite materials.
　　Instead of aligning11 the fibers12 in straight, parallel lines, these fibers are molded around the points of heavy load, explains materials research engineer Karen Taminger.
　　“That allows the fibers to continue to carry the load all the way around the corners instead of being interrupted if we cut that out from a straight aligned13 composite," said Taminger.
　　Taminger says new structural14 designs will allow manufacturers to reduce the weight of airplanes and make them more energy efficient.
　　NASA researchers also want to reduce the pollution that comes out of airplane engines, says Fay Collier, who manages the Environmentally Responsible Aviation project.
　　“We want to take advantage of alternative fuels and the emergence15 of alternative fuels, and we want to design advanced combustors to minimize the output," said Collier.
　　To learn what's in the exhaust of an airplane burning a mixture of petroleum16 and alternative-based fuel, NASA scientists fly a second plane right behind the first one. On-board sensors17 measure the percentage of pollutants18 contained in different fuel mixtures.
　　Project scientist Richard Wahls says NASA is constantly looking for ways to revolutionize aviation.
　　“We hope to find technologies that we can accelerate forward through the research, but other technologies - they may not be possible for 20 or 30 years," he said.
　　In the meantime, he says, there are incremental19 improvements moving the aviation industry towards better, safer and more efficient aircraft.

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1 aeronautics BKVyg     
n.航空术，航空学
参考例句：
  • National Aeronautics and Space undertakings have made great progress.国家的航空航天事业有了很大的发展。
  • He devoted every spare moment to aeronautics.他把他所有多余的时间用在航空学上。
2 lighter 5pPzPR     
n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级
参考例句：
  • The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
  • The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。
3 dynamics NuSzQq     
n.力学，动力学，动力，原动力；动态
参考例句：
  • In order to succeed,you must master complicated knowledge of dynamics.要取得胜利，你必须掌握很复杂的动力学知识。
  • Dynamics is a discipline that cannot be mastered without extensive practice.动力学是一门不做大量习题就不能掌握的学科。
4 configurations 86f23519571eb918e8812e1979d55409     
n.[化学]结构( configuration的名词复数 )；构造；（计算机的）配置；构形（原子在分子中的相对空间位置）
参考例句：
  • Such configurations, obtained theoretically by calculation, are called models of a star. 通过理论计算得到的恒星结构称为恒星模型。 来自辞典例句
  • The other two configurations have overriding advantages for special applications. 其它两种接法对特殊应用具有突出的优点。 来自辞典例句
5 considerably 0YWyQ     
adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上
参考例句：
  • The economic situation has changed considerably.经济形势已发生了相当大的变化。
  • The gap has narrowed considerably.分歧大大缩小了。
6 aluminum 9xhzP     
n.(aluminium)铝
参考例句：
  • The aluminum sheets cannot be too much thicker than 0.04 inches.铝板厚度不能超过0.04英寸。
  • During the launch phase,it would ride in a protective aluminum shell.在发射阶段，它盛在一只保护的铝壳里。
7 alloy fLryq     
n.合金，(金属的)成色
参考例句：
  • The company produces titanium alloy.该公司生产钛合金。
  • Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.青铜是铜和锡的合金。
8 aerospace CK2yf     
adj.航空的，宇宙航行的
参考例句：
  • The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
  • Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。
9 capability JsGzZ     
n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等
参考例句：
  • She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
  • Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。
10 stiffen zudwI     
v.(使)硬，(使)变挺，(使)变僵硬
参考例句：
  • The blood supply to the skin is reduced when muscles stiffen.当肌肉变得僵硬时，皮肤的供血量就减少了。
  • I was breathing hard,and my legs were beginning to stiffen.这时我却气吁喘喘地开始感到脚有点僵硬。
11 aligning f24e40acf49c4786ebeaa4768c1e490c     
n. (直线)对准 动词align的现在分词形式
参考例句：
  • There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals. 有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。
  • ToolTips provide textual hints that assist in drawing lines and aligning objects. 工具提示提供了协助画线和对象对齐的文本提示。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
12 fibers 421d63991f1d1fc8826d6e71d5e15f53     
光纤( fiber的名词复数 )； （织物的）质地； 纤维，纤维物质
参考例句：
  • Thesolution of collagen-PVA was wet spined with the sodium sulfate as coagulant and collagen-PVA composite fibers were prepared. 在此基础上，以硫酸钠为凝固剂，对胶原-PVA共混溶液进行湿法纺丝，制备了胶原-PVA复合纤维。
  • Sympathetic fibers are distributed to all regions of the heart. 交感神经纤维分布于心脏的所有部分。
13 aligned 165f93b99f87c219277d70d866425da6     
adj.对齐的，均衡的
参考例句：
  • Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。
14 structural itXw5     
adj.构造的，组织的，建筑（用）的
参考例句：
  • The storm caused no structural damage.风暴没有造成建筑结构方面的破坏。
  • The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities.北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。
15 emergence 5p3xr     
n.浮现，显现，出现，（植物）突出体
参考例句：
  • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
  • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生，随着社会的发展而发展的。
16 petroleum WiUyi     
n.原油，石油
参考例句：
  • The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
  • The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。
17 sensors 029aee483db9ae244d7a5cb353e74602     
n.传感器，灵敏元件( sensor的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • There were more than 2000 sensors here. 这里装有两千多个灵敏元件。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Significant changes have been noted where sensors were exposed to trichloride. 当传感器暴露在三氯化物中时，有很大变化。 来自辞典例句
18 pollutants 694861490fe64672170a0da250a277c7     
污染物质（尤指工业废物）( pollutant的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Pollutants are constantly being released into the atmosphere. 污染物质正在不断地被排放到大气中去。
  • The 1987 Amendments limit 301(g) discharges to a few well-studied nonconventional pollutants. 1987年的修正案把第301条（g）的普通排放限制施加在一些认真研究过的几种非常规污染物上。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
19 incremental 57e48ffcfe372672b239d90ecbe3919a     
adj.增加的
参考例句：
  • For logic devices, the incremental current gain is very important. 对于逻辑器件来说，提高电流增益是非常重要的。 来自辞典例句
  • By using an incremental approach, the problems involving material or geometric nonlinearity have been solved. 借应用一种增量方法，已经解决了包括材料的或几何的非线性问题。 来自辞典例句

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