GRE阅读：碰上长难句了怎么办

　　GRE考试阅读难句解读：

　　本文仅为难句训练法的片断，为避免对练习方法出现错误理解，建议购买杨鹏老师的正式出版物《GRE&GMAT阅读难句教程》以获得正确和完全的理解。

　　1.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of　descendants an individual will have and　hence the number of gene¹ copies　transmitted.

　　那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。

　　2.Hardy‘s weakness derived² from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness³ to cultivate and sustain the energetic and　risky⁴ ones.

　　哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能，无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。

　　3.Virginia Woolf’s provocative⁵ statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been　ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the “poetic” novelist concerned with examining states　　of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness.

　　弗吉尼亚。伍尔夫(Virginia Woolf)在创作《黛洛维夫人》(Mrs. Dalloway)时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述，迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略，因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面，而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家(poetic novelist)所形成的传统见解大相径庭。所谓的“诗性”小说家，所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态，并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。

　　4.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves‘ preference，revealed most clearly on plantations⁶ where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy.

　　虽然古特曼承认，由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱--在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来--在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制(monogamy)。

　　5.Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged　the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.

　　古特曼人令人信服地论辨道，黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。

　　6.This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived from　West African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal⁷ group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition⁹ against unions with close kin⁸.

　　古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻(union with close kin)的禁止。

　　7.His thesis works relatively¹⁰ well when applied¹¹ to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic¹² competition，” can be interpreted as also including hostility¹³ toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews　　in medieval Europe.

　　该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的定义--即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”--可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。

　　以上是历年GRE考试中阅读部分出现的难句，文章针对新GRE阅读理解中难句的解题关键作出了详细说明，理解句子意义对正确解题十分重要，考生们要多多练习，加强自己的语感。

 

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