（单词翻译:单击）
The European Union is poised1 to impose tough sanctions on Moscow over Ukraine. The catalyst2 for this new resolve-- the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 over territory held by anti-Kiev activists3. 15 Russians or Ukrainians and 18 companies and other organisations are named in the latest sanctions list. Among them are some top Russian officials, including the chiefs of Russia’s FSB security service and foreign intelligence service.
Russia’s Trade Minister says the sanctions are "peanuts," compared to what the Soviet4 Union faced during the Cold War. And top Kremlin economic advisor5 Andrei Belousov says Russia’s economy will keep growing at a rate of around one percent.
President Vladimir Putin says sanctions will have a "boomerang effect." Other Russian officials and analysts7 back that view.
"At the end of the day, introducing any sort of financial sanctions or tariffs8 ends up damaging both sides--the inflictors and the inflictees," Economid analyst6 Andrei Necheuhkin said.
Not everyone agrees with Russian economic advisor Andrei Belousov, whose growth projection9 is much higher than many other Russian economists10 predict. The Washington DC-based International Monetary11 Fund forecasts Russian growth at just two-tenths of one percent.
Former finance Minister Alexei Kudrin has publicly warned that the Russian government’s anti-Western rhetoric12 could weaken the economy further, predicting deterioration13 in GDP growth by a few points for a few years, a decline in real income and lower wages as a result.
The Russian economy is in fact on the verge14 of recession, partly as a result of sanctions, with the ruble tumbling and a capital flight of over $75 billion so far this year.
"The sanctions will have very serious repercussions15 for the Russian economy. They will have repercussions on trade. They will worsen the investment climate. They reverse investment flows," Kirill Entin, research fellow at CTR. for Comprehensive European & Int'l Studies said.
The EU added 15 more people and 18 companies to its sanctions list, and may ban Russia from borrowing money from European lenders. The EU may also bar Europeans from buying bonds from Russia’s largest banks.
Despite this, the Russian government’s official message is, for the moment, one of scorn. As Trade Minister Denis Manturov commented, "What sanctions?"
